REVIEWS - Geobacter Project
... Microbial reduction of the oxidised form of uranium, U6+, with an electrode serving as the electron donor represents a potential strategy for improving the bioremediation of groundwater contaminated with uranium. A simple strategy for preventing the further spread of uranium contamination in groundw ...
... Microbial reduction of the oxidised form of uranium, U6+, with an electrode serving as the electron donor represents a potential strategy for improving the bioremediation of groundwater contaminated with uranium. A simple strategy for preventing the further spread of uranium contamination in groundw ...
Cellular Energy and Mitochondrial ATP Production: A
... After the completion of glycolysis and the production of pyruvate - if oxygen is present, pyruvate enters the mitochondria and forms acetyl-coA during the second stage called - pyruvate oxidation or transition reaction. In this stage an acetyl group is produced by cleaving off a carbon atom from pyr ...
... After the completion of glycolysis and the production of pyruvate - if oxygen is present, pyruvate enters the mitochondria and forms acetyl-coA during the second stage called - pyruvate oxidation or transition reaction. In this stage an acetyl group is produced by cleaving off a carbon atom from pyr ...
Metabolism of fat File
... • The products of this reaction are acetyl-CoA and an acyl-CoA derivative containing two carbons less than the original acyl-CoA molecule that underwent this oxidation. • The acyl-CoA formed in the cleavage reaction renters the oxidative pathway at reaction 1. ...
... • The products of this reaction are acetyl-CoA and an acyl-CoA derivative containing two carbons less than the original acyl-CoA molecule that underwent this oxidation. • The acyl-CoA formed in the cleavage reaction renters the oxidative pathway at reaction 1. ...
biology
... The marking schemes which follow were those used by the WJEC for the 2004 examination in GCE Biology. They were finalised after detailed discussion at examiners' conferences by all the examiners involved in the assessment. The conferences were held shortly after the papers were taken so that referen ...
... The marking schemes which follow were those used by the WJEC for the 2004 examination in GCE Biology. They were finalised after detailed discussion at examiners' conferences by all the examiners involved in the assessment. The conferences were held shortly after the papers were taken so that referen ...
Biochemistry 3020 1. All of the following enzymes involved in the
... glucose 6-phosphate without the investment of energy from ATP. Hydrolysis of glycogen yields free glucose, which must be converted into glucose 6-phosphate (at the expense of ATP) before it can enter glycolysis. ...
... glucose 6-phosphate without the investment of energy from ATP. Hydrolysis of glycogen yields free glucose, which must be converted into glucose 6-phosphate (at the expense of ATP) before it can enter glycolysis. ...
Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex and Tricarboxylic Acid
... • Harvests chemical energy from biological fuel in the form of electrons in NADH and FADH2. • Consists of a series of eight reactions. ...
... • Harvests chemical energy from biological fuel in the form of electrons in NADH and FADH2. • Consists of a series of eight reactions. ...
pH and enzymes in cheese making File
... Yeast and bacteria grow and reproduce within specific ranges of pH In cheese-making sometimes bacteria are used to help change the milk into a more solid form (coagulation). The bacteria produce lactic acid The bacteria can tolerate slightly acidic conditions In bread-making yeast produce c ...
... Yeast and bacteria grow and reproduce within specific ranges of pH In cheese-making sometimes bacteria are used to help change the milk into a more solid form (coagulation). The bacteria produce lactic acid The bacteria can tolerate slightly acidic conditions In bread-making yeast produce c ...
Exam #2 BMB 514 – Medical Biochemistry 10/10/11
... and urine using the nitroprusside test, which detects molecules with ketone groups. Which of the following molecules will be detected? A) acetone B) β-hydroxybutyrate C) acetoacetate D) acetoacetate and acetone E) β-hydroxybutyrate, acetoacetate, and acetone 28) Which of the following statements is ...
... and urine using the nitroprusside test, which detects molecules with ketone groups. Which of the following molecules will be detected? A) acetone B) β-hydroxybutyrate C) acetoacetate D) acetoacetate and acetone E) β-hydroxybutyrate, acetoacetate, and acetone 28) Which of the following statements is ...
Kreb`s Cycle - robertschem
... 14. Why is FAD used instead of NAD+? At one step of Krebs cycle, succinate is oxidized to become fumarate with the help of FAD. The energy involved succinate-fumarate reaction does not allow NAD+ to be reduced sufficiently. FAD is lower-energy and is able to help oxidize succinate in the process (an ...
... 14. Why is FAD used instead of NAD+? At one step of Krebs cycle, succinate is oxidized to become fumarate with the help of FAD. The energy involved succinate-fumarate reaction does not allow NAD+ to be reduced sufficiently. FAD is lower-energy and is able to help oxidize succinate in the process (an ...
Chapter 8
... Gluconeogenesis is the formation of new glucose molecules from precursors in the liver Precursor molecules include lactate, pyruvate, and ...
... Gluconeogenesis is the formation of new glucose molecules from precursors in the liver Precursor molecules include lactate, pyruvate, and ...
respiration jeopardy game!
... Enzyme that spins as H+ ions pass through and produces ATP A: What is ATP synthase ? S2C06 Jeopardy Review ...
... Enzyme that spins as H+ ions pass through and produces ATP A: What is ATP synthase ? S2C06 Jeopardy Review ...
Semester 2
... Enzyme that spins as H+ ions pass through and produces ATP A: What is ATP synthase ? S2C06 Jeopardy Review ...
... Enzyme that spins as H+ ions pass through and produces ATP A: What is ATP synthase ? S2C06 Jeopardy Review ...
Unit 8 Packet
... Before: Change After 3. Ammonia, NH3, for fertilizer is made by causing hydrogen and nitrogen to react at high temperature and pressure. How many moles of ammonia can be made from 0.15 moles of nitrogen gas? ...
... Before: Change After 3. Ammonia, NH3, for fertilizer is made by causing hydrogen and nitrogen to react at high temperature and pressure. How many moles of ammonia can be made from 0.15 moles of nitrogen gas? ...
Even is better than odd: one fat may conceal another - AJP
... (15). Actually, the heart uses its entire ATP pool in only 10 s (19). Continuous and substantial ATP production is then an absolute requirement for efficient heart contraction. Almost all (⬎95%) ATP production is provided from the oxidation of carbon substrates into the mitochondria via the citric a ...
... (15). Actually, the heart uses its entire ATP pool in only 10 s (19). Continuous and substantial ATP production is then an absolute requirement for efficient heart contraction. Almost all (⬎95%) ATP production is provided from the oxidation of carbon substrates into the mitochondria via the citric a ...
chapt 15
... The amount of food in the stream (biotic) The composition of the stream bed affects how fast the stream flows and the oxygen content of the water (abiotic). Minerals in the soil (abiotic) The amount of sunlight or rainfall hitting the plant (abiotic) Predators and pathogens (biotic) ...
... The amount of food in the stream (biotic) The composition of the stream bed affects how fast the stream flows and the oxygen content of the water (abiotic). Minerals in the soil (abiotic) The amount of sunlight or rainfall hitting the plant (abiotic) Predators and pathogens (biotic) ...
CHARACTERISTIC OF INDUSTRIAL WASTE-1
... Determine the appropriate quantity of oxygen that will be required to biologically stabilize the organic matter present. Measure the efficiency of some treatment process Determine the size of waste treatment facilities. Determine compliance with wastewater discharge permits. BOD at 20oC for 5 da ...
... Determine the appropriate quantity of oxygen that will be required to biologically stabilize the organic matter present. Measure the efficiency of some treatment process Determine the size of waste treatment facilities. Determine compliance with wastewater discharge permits. BOD at 20oC for 5 da ...
Phenylobacterium immobile gen. nov. sp. nov. a Gram
... is not closely related to any other gram-negative bacterium, as shown by a 16s ribosomal ribonucleic acid partial sequence analysis. This organism is a member of group I of the purple nonsulfur bacteria, but is phylogenetically isolated in this group. Phenylobacterium immobile is remotely related to ...
... is not closely related to any other gram-negative bacterium, as shown by a 16s ribosomal ribonucleic acid partial sequence analysis. This organism is a member of group I of the purple nonsulfur bacteria, but is phylogenetically isolated in this group. Phenylobacterium immobile is remotely related to ...
LOCATION: CYTOPLASM
... Inhibited by G-6-P which accumulated if other reactions are inhibited. 2. Pyruvate kinase 4 isoenzymic forms inhibited by ATP, activated by F-1,6-Bis P see fig 12.17 Horton liver form also inhibited by phosphorylation 3. PHOSPHOFRUCTOKINASE Main point of regulation ATP, citrate AMP, F-2,6-bisP i ...
... Inhibited by G-6-P which accumulated if other reactions are inhibited. 2. Pyruvate kinase 4 isoenzymic forms inhibited by ATP, activated by F-1,6-Bis P see fig 12.17 Horton liver form also inhibited by phosphorylation 3. PHOSPHOFRUCTOKINASE Main point of regulation ATP, citrate AMP, F-2,6-bisP i ...
File
... via the gills (ammonotelic animals). Terrestrial vertebrates, including humans, hardly excrete any NH3, and instead, most ammonia is converted into urea before excretion (ureotelic animals). Birds and reptiles, form uric acid, which is mainly excreted as a solid in order to save water (uricotelic an ...
... via the gills (ammonotelic animals). Terrestrial vertebrates, including humans, hardly excrete any NH3, and instead, most ammonia is converted into urea before excretion (ureotelic animals). Birds and reptiles, form uric acid, which is mainly excreted as a solid in order to save water (uricotelic an ...
Microbial metabolism
Microbial metabolism is the means by which a microbe obtains the energy and nutrients (e.g. carbon) it needs to live and reproduce. Microbes use many different types of metabolic strategies and species can often be differentiated from each other based on metabolic characteristics. The specific metabolic properties of a microbe are the major factors in determining that microbe’s ecological niche, and often allow for that microbe to be useful in industrial processes or responsible for biogeochemical cycles.== Types of microbial metabolism ==All microbial metabolisms can be arranged according to three principles:1. How the organism obtains carbon for synthesising cell mass: autotrophic – carbon is obtained from carbon dioxide (CO2) heterotrophic – carbon is obtained from organic compounds mixotrophic – carbon is obtained from both organic compounds and by fixing carbon dioxide2. How the organism obtains reducing equivalents used either in energy conservation or in biosynthetic reactions: lithotrophic – reducing equivalents are obtained from inorganic compounds organotrophic – reducing equivalents are obtained from organic compounds3. How the organism obtains energy for living and growing: chemotrophic – energy is obtained from external chemical compounds phototrophic – energy is obtained from lightIn practice, these terms are almost freely combined. Typical examples are as follows: chemolithoautotrophs obtain energy from the oxidation of inorganic compounds and carbon from the fixation of carbon dioxide. Examples: Nitrifying bacteria, Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, Iron-oxidizing bacteria, Knallgas-bacteria photolithoautotrophs obtain energy from light and carbon from the fixation of carbon dioxide, using reducing equivalents from inorganic compounds. Examples: Cyanobacteria (water (H2O) as reducing equivalent donor), Chlorobiaceae, Chromatiaceae (hydrogen sulfide (H2S) as reducing equivalent donor), Chloroflexus (hydrogen (H2) as reducing equivalent donor) chemolithoheterotrophs obtain energy from the oxidation of inorganic compounds, but cannot fix carbon dioxide (CO2). Examples: some Thiobacilus, some Beggiatoa, some Nitrobacter spp., Wolinella (with H2 as reducing equivalent donor), some Knallgas-bacteria, some sulfate-reducing bacteria chemoorganoheterotrophs obtain energy, carbon, and reducing equivalents for biosynthetic reactions from organic compounds. Examples: most bacteria, e. g. Escherichia coli, Bacillus spp., Actinobacteria photoorganoheterotrophs obtain energy from light, carbon and reducing equivalents for biosynthetic reactions from organic compounds. Some species are strictly heterotrophic, many others can also fix carbon dioxide and are mixotrophic. Examples: Rhodobacter, Rhodopseudomonas, Rhodospirillum, Rhodomicrobium, Rhodocyclus, Heliobacterium, Chloroflexus (alternatively to photolithoautotrophy with hydrogen)