HD Rx of Hyperammonemia (Gregory et al, Vol. 5,abst. 55P
... Removal of Ammonia Arginine supplementation provides the urea cycle with ornithine and nacetylglutamate Abbreviated version of the urea cycle continues not recommended for use in arginase deficiency or organic acidemias bunchman ...
... Removal of Ammonia Arginine supplementation provides the urea cycle with ornithine and nacetylglutamate Abbreviated version of the urea cycle continues not recommended for use in arginase deficiency or organic acidemias bunchman ...
powerpoint
... reductase (in tumor cells) – More dihydrofolate reductase is produced by more than the normal active genes usually present in normal cells. ...
... reductase (in tumor cells) – More dihydrofolate reductase is produced by more than the normal active genes usually present in normal cells. ...
Glucose Metabolism Glycolysis Expectations
... • Concept: Phosphoryl group transfer potential • Chemical logic? ...
... • Concept: Phosphoryl group transfer potential • Chemical logic? ...
Amino Acid Metabolism 1 Key Concepts
... nucleotides, it is also found in some carbohydrates (glucosamine) and lipids (sphingosine), as well as, the enzyme cofactors thiamine, NAD+, and FAD. Nitrogen in biological compounds ultimately comes from nitrogen gas (N2) which constitutes 80% of our atmosphere. However, N2 must first be reduced to ...
... nucleotides, it is also found in some carbohydrates (glucosamine) and lipids (sphingosine), as well as, the enzyme cofactors thiamine, NAD+, and FAD. Nitrogen in biological compounds ultimately comes from nitrogen gas (N2) which constitutes 80% of our atmosphere. However, N2 must first be reduced to ...
Chapter 27 Reproductive Endocrinology
... electrons pass to lower E molecules electrons in O2 have lowest E O2 ...
... electrons pass to lower E molecules electrons in O2 have lowest E O2 ...
Biology Ch08
... Electron Carriers When a potato is very hot, you wouldn’t dare grab it with your bare hand, rather you use an oven mitt to carry the potato. As the potato cools, you no longer need the oven mitt. This is similar to an electron carrier. Once an electron receives energy from the sun, it is considered ...
... Electron Carriers When a potato is very hot, you wouldn’t dare grab it with your bare hand, rather you use an oven mitt to carry the potato. As the potato cools, you no longer need the oven mitt. This is similar to an electron carrier. Once an electron receives energy from the sun, it is considered ...
A genomic view on syntrophic versus non-syntrophic
... first hydrolyzed and degraded by fermentative micro-organisms that produce hydrogen, carbon dioxide and organic compounds, typically organic acids (butyrate, propionate, acetate and formate) as products. In sulfate-reducing environments these compounds are the common substrates for sulfate-reducing m ...
... first hydrolyzed and degraded by fermentative micro-organisms that produce hydrogen, carbon dioxide and organic compounds, typically organic acids (butyrate, propionate, acetate and formate) as products. In sulfate-reducing environments these compounds are the common substrates for sulfate-reducing m ...
MICROBES IN HUMAN WELFARE.pmd
... Biogas is a mixture of gases (containing predominantly methane) produced by the microbial activity and which may be used as fuel. You have learnt that microbes produce different types of gaseous end-products during growth and metabolism. The type of the gas produced depends upon the microbes and the ...
... Biogas is a mixture of gases (containing predominantly methane) produced by the microbial activity and which may be used as fuel. You have learnt that microbes produce different types of gaseous end-products during growth and metabolism. The type of the gas produced depends upon the microbes and the ...
ch25 Metabolism
... 1. Glucose oxidation is also called cellular respiration. It occurs in every cell of the body (except red blood cells, which lack mitochondria) and provides the cell’s chief source of energy. 2. The complete oxidation of glucose to CO2 and H2O produces large amounts of energy and occurs in four succ ...
... 1. Glucose oxidation is also called cellular respiration. It occurs in every cell of the body (except red blood cells, which lack mitochondria) and provides the cell’s chief source of energy. 2. The complete oxidation of glucose to CO2 and H2O produces large amounts of energy and occurs in four succ ...
notes - Main
... 1. Glucose oxidation is also called cellular respiration. It occurs in every cell of the body (except red blood cells, which lack mitochondria) and provides the cell’s chief source of energy. 2. The complete oxidation of glucose to CO2 and H2O produces large amounts of energy and occurs in four succ ...
... 1. Glucose oxidation is also called cellular respiration. It occurs in every cell of the body (except red blood cells, which lack mitochondria) and provides the cell’s chief source of energy. 2. The complete oxidation of glucose to CO2 and H2O produces large amounts of energy and occurs in four succ ...
PYRUVATE OXIDATION, KREBS CYCLE agnes je... 583KB Nov 04
... o proteins, lipids, can also be broken down into acetyl CoA o can produce fat or ATP, depending on ATP levels in the cell ...
... o proteins, lipids, can also be broken down into acetyl CoA o can produce fat or ATP, depending on ATP levels in the cell ...
Redox I
... Mg got oxidized. Fe2+ was the oxidizing agent. •Fe goes from an ion to an element: Fe2+ Fe Fe2+ got reduced. Mg was the reducing agent. ...
... Mg got oxidized. Fe2+ was the oxidizing agent. •Fe goes from an ion to an element: Fe2+ Fe Fe2+ got reduced. Mg was the reducing agent. ...
defence mechanisms of the gingiva
... plate covering the maxilla with soft borders and a groove following the gingival margins. It is connected to four collection tubes and washings are collected by rinsing the crevicular areas from one side to another using a ...
... plate covering the maxilla with soft borders and a groove following the gingival margins. It is connected to four collection tubes and washings are collected by rinsing the crevicular areas from one side to another using a ...
Glycolysis reaction (Investment phase)
... remove one H. 2. Give your H to Cytochrom A3. 3. Now take one ADP (white stem with two yellow beads) and attach one loose yellow bead to the end. This is now ATP. Place the ATP on the table. 4. Repeat as long as there are H’s inside of the intermembrane space. ...
... remove one H. 2. Give your H to Cytochrom A3. 3. Now take one ADP (white stem with two yellow beads) and attach one loose yellow bead to the end. This is now ATP. Place the ATP on the table. 4. Repeat as long as there are H’s inside of the intermembrane space. ...
chap16
... 16.1-Production of Acetyl-CoA (Activated Acetate) the conversion of sugars to acetyl CoA is catalyzed by the pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complex, which is found in the mitochondria in eukaryotes and in the cytosol of prokaryotes in the first step, pyruvate undergoes decarboxylation to produce a ...
... 16.1-Production of Acetyl-CoA (Activated Acetate) the conversion of sugars to acetyl CoA is catalyzed by the pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complex, which is found in the mitochondria in eukaryotes and in the cytosol of prokaryotes in the first step, pyruvate undergoes decarboxylation to produce a ...
Bioenergetics and ioenergetics and Metabolism etabolism
... total energy liberated including heat. As the magnitude of heat energy is small and also that it cannot drive biological reactions, the biochemists are more interested in free energy changes and often use the term exergonic. The corresponding energy-consuming term endergonic refers to the processes ...
... total energy liberated including heat. As the magnitude of heat energy is small and also that it cannot drive biological reactions, the biochemists are more interested in free energy changes and often use the term exergonic. The corresponding energy-consuming term endergonic refers to the processes ...
Regulation of Glycolysis
... the other one is an inhibitory site. The PFK-1 substrate binding site binds ATP equally well in both the T and R states. The inhibitory ATP binding site only binds ATP when the enzyme is in the T conformation. The other substrate fructose-6-phosphate binds only to the R state. High concentrations of ...
... the other one is an inhibitory site. The PFK-1 substrate binding site binds ATP equally well in both the T and R states. The inhibitory ATP binding site only binds ATP when the enzyme is in the T conformation. The other substrate fructose-6-phosphate binds only to the R state. High concentrations of ...
Chapter 3 – Cellular Energy Metabolism
... cell engages in are inhibited, one can estimate the contribution they make to overall cellular metabolism. Before examining these contributions, we must remind ourselves of the way cellular energy metabolism works. The cell is organized into discrete compartments separated by membranes. With respect ...
... cell engages in are inhibited, one can estimate the contribution they make to overall cellular metabolism. Before examining these contributions, we must remind ourselves of the way cellular energy metabolism works. The cell is organized into discrete compartments separated by membranes. With respect ...
Microbial metabolism
Microbial metabolism is the means by which a microbe obtains the energy and nutrients (e.g. carbon) it needs to live and reproduce. Microbes use many different types of metabolic strategies and species can often be differentiated from each other based on metabolic characteristics. The specific metabolic properties of a microbe are the major factors in determining that microbe’s ecological niche, and often allow for that microbe to be useful in industrial processes or responsible for biogeochemical cycles.== Types of microbial metabolism ==All microbial metabolisms can be arranged according to three principles:1. How the organism obtains carbon for synthesising cell mass: autotrophic – carbon is obtained from carbon dioxide (CO2) heterotrophic – carbon is obtained from organic compounds mixotrophic – carbon is obtained from both organic compounds and by fixing carbon dioxide2. How the organism obtains reducing equivalents used either in energy conservation or in biosynthetic reactions: lithotrophic – reducing equivalents are obtained from inorganic compounds organotrophic – reducing equivalents are obtained from organic compounds3. How the organism obtains energy for living and growing: chemotrophic – energy is obtained from external chemical compounds phototrophic – energy is obtained from lightIn practice, these terms are almost freely combined. Typical examples are as follows: chemolithoautotrophs obtain energy from the oxidation of inorganic compounds and carbon from the fixation of carbon dioxide. Examples: Nitrifying bacteria, Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, Iron-oxidizing bacteria, Knallgas-bacteria photolithoautotrophs obtain energy from light and carbon from the fixation of carbon dioxide, using reducing equivalents from inorganic compounds. Examples: Cyanobacteria (water (H2O) as reducing equivalent donor), Chlorobiaceae, Chromatiaceae (hydrogen sulfide (H2S) as reducing equivalent donor), Chloroflexus (hydrogen (H2) as reducing equivalent donor) chemolithoheterotrophs obtain energy from the oxidation of inorganic compounds, but cannot fix carbon dioxide (CO2). Examples: some Thiobacilus, some Beggiatoa, some Nitrobacter spp., Wolinella (with H2 as reducing equivalent donor), some Knallgas-bacteria, some sulfate-reducing bacteria chemoorganoheterotrophs obtain energy, carbon, and reducing equivalents for biosynthetic reactions from organic compounds. Examples: most bacteria, e. g. Escherichia coli, Bacillus spp., Actinobacteria photoorganoheterotrophs obtain energy from light, carbon and reducing equivalents for biosynthetic reactions from organic compounds. Some species are strictly heterotrophic, many others can also fix carbon dioxide and are mixotrophic. Examples: Rhodobacter, Rhodopseudomonas, Rhodospirillum, Rhodomicrobium, Rhodocyclus, Heliobacterium, Chloroflexus (alternatively to photolithoautotrophy with hydrogen)