Proteins
... 1. Amino group NH2 2. Carboxyl group –COOH 3. R group -different for every AA -determines the properties of AA Joined together by peptide bonds ...
... 1. Amino group NH2 2. Carboxyl group –COOH 3. R group -different for every AA -determines the properties of AA Joined together by peptide bonds ...
Unit Review Powerpoint
... • Hydrocarbons – made of carbon and hydrogen atoms • Hydrophobic – insoluble in water • Triglycerides – fats and oils; store energy • Phospholipids – found in cell membranes; also have a hydrophilic end • Steroids – ring structures; found in hormones, venom, and pigments ...
... • Hydrocarbons – made of carbon and hydrogen atoms • Hydrophobic – insoluble in water • Triglycerides – fats and oils; store energy • Phospholipids – found in cell membranes; also have a hydrophilic end • Steroids – ring structures; found in hormones, venom, and pigments ...
Chapter 8.4, 8.5, 8.6, 8.7 Study Guide Key terms: Ribonucleic acid
... 6. What are the portions of a gene that get translated into protein called? 7. What are point mutations? 8. Name and provide examples of 3 types of point mutations. 9. List the differences between DNA and RNA. 10. What happens when a tRNA anticodon binds to an mRNA codon? 11. What are the roles of t ...
... 6. What are the portions of a gene that get translated into protein called? 7. What are point mutations? 8. Name and provide examples of 3 types of point mutations. 9. List the differences between DNA and RNA. 10. What happens when a tRNA anticodon binds to an mRNA codon? 11. What are the roles of t ...
Biochemistry PPT - Effingham County Schools
... pH is a measure of proton (hydrogen ion or H+) concentration. Low pH (acid) = lots of H+ ions High pH (base) = few H+ ions ; more OH- ions ...
... pH is a measure of proton (hydrogen ion or H+) concentration. Low pH (acid) = lots of H+ ions High pH (base) = few H+ ions ; more OH- ions ...
Chapter 3 Review Questions
... disaccharide in your response. People who are lactose intolerant cannot digest the sugar known as lactose. Lactose is a disaccharide found in milk and products derived from milk. The lactose intolerant person cannot breakdown lactose into two monosaccharides because they do not have the enzyme lacta ...
... disaccharide in your response. People who are lactose intolerant cannot digest the sugar known as lactose. Lactose is a disaccharide found in milk and products derived from milk. The lactose intolerant person cannot breakdown lactose into two monosaccharides because they do not have the enzyme lacta ...
Metabolism—chapter 4
... -each ATP is made of 3 parts: an adenine, a ribose, and 3 phosphates in a chain -almost half the energy released during cell respiration is used to generate ATP from ADP (this has only 2 phosphate molecules) -this is known as phosphorylation Nucleic Acid synthesis -DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) and RN ...
... -each ATP is made of 3 parts: an adenine, a ribose, and 3 phosphates in a chain -almost half the energy released during cell respiration is used to generate ATP from ADP (this has only 2 phosphate molecules) -this is known as phosphorylation Nucleic Acid synthesis -DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) and RN ...
of translation Initiation: brings together mRNA, a tRNA (with the first
... Codon recognition التعرف على الشفرات, an elongation factor assists hydrogen bonding between the mRNA codon under the A site with the corresponding anticodon of tRNA carrying the appropriate المناسبamino acid [This step requires the hydrolysis of two guanosine triphosphate (GTP)]. ...
... Codon recognition التعرف على الشفرات, an elongation factor assists hydrogen bonding between the mRNA codon under the A site with the corresponding anticodon of tRNA carrying the appropriate المناسبamino acid [This step requires the hydrolysis of two guanosine triphosphate (GTP)]. ...
secret codon
... Proteins are long chains of individual amino acid subunits. The order of the amino acids in the chain is determined by the DNA sequence of the gene that encodes for it. DNA is a long chain of four different nucleotides (adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine), often abbreviated A, G, C, and T. Thes ...
... Proteins are long chains of individual amino acid subunits. The order of the amino acids in the chain is determined by the DNA sequence of the gene that encodes for it. DNA is a long chain of four different nucleotides (adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine), often abbreviated A, G, C, and T. Thes ...
2-BuildingBlocks
... 3. Ionic, hydrogen and Van der Waals bonds are critical for interactions of proteins and other molecules. These non-covalent bonds involve the AA side chains. Selecting from those listed in the box, which type(s) of amino acids would: A. form ionic bonds with negatively charged DNA. _________ B. fo ...
... 3. Ionic, hydrogen and Van der Waals bonds are critical for interactions of proteins and other molecules. These non-covalent bonds involve the AA side chains. Selecting from those listed in the box, which type(s) of amino acids would: A. form ionic bonds with negatively charged DNA. _________ B. fo ...
Amino Acids, Peptides and Proteins
... 2. Disulfide bonds are formed between two ______________________ amino acids. 3. In the condensation of two amino acids one molecule of ___________ is lost. 4. Amino acids linked together in a chain are called a _____________. 5. Protein in the food we eat is digested by enzymes called ______. 6. A ...
... 2. Disulfide bonds are formed between two ______________________ amino acids. 3. In the condensation of two amino acids one molecule of ___________ is lost. 4. Amino acids linked together in a chain are called a _____________. 5. Protein in the food we eat is digested by enzymes called ______. 6. A ...
Macromolecules Test Review Test Date: 1. What does the term
... 24. What reagent tests for polysaccharides? 25. What color is a positive test for polysaccharides? 26. What is the monomer of nucleic acids? 27. DNA has how many strands? 28. The most abundant polysaccharide in the world is _______________________. 29. Animals store sugars in the form of __________ ...
... 24. What reagent tests for polysaccharides? 25. What color is a positive test for polysaccharides? 26. What is the monomer of nucleic acids? 27. DNA has how many strands? 28. The most abundant polysaccharide in the world is _______________________. 29. Animals store sugars in the form of __________ ...
File
... recycled by aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase adding a new (correct) amino acid to them The three stop codons are UGA, UAG and UAA These codons do not code for an amino acid and therefore there are no tRNAs which can enter the ribosome The release factor protein recognizes that the translation has sto ...
... recycled by aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase adding a new (correct) amino acid to them The three stop codons are UGA, UAG and UAA These codons do not code for an amino acid and therefore there are no tRNAs which can enter the ribosome The release factor protein recognizes that the translation has sto ...
Ch 3
... • Fats, oils, waxes, and even some vitamins • Excellent for energy storage • Fats • Triglycerides – Composed of 1 glycerol and 3 fatty acids • Fatty acids – Need not be identical – Chain length varies – Saturated – no double bonds between carbon atoms • Higher melting point, animal origin • solid at ...
... • Fats, oils, waxes, and even some vitamins • Excellent for energy storage • Fats • Triglycerides – Composed of 1 glycerol and 3 fatty acids • Fatty acids – Need not be identical – Chain length varies – Saturated – no double bonds between carbon atoms • Higher melting point, animal origin • solid at ...
One copy from each parent Each parent passes on a “mixed copy”
... Molecular Cell Biology: Components of the Central Dogma Protein Translation ...
... Molecular Cell Biology: Components of the Central Dogma Protein Translation ...
Name
... Like DNA, ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a ________________ acid—a molecule made of nucleotides linked together. RNA differs from DNA in three ways. First, RNA consists of a __________________ strand of nucleotides instead of the two strands found in DNA. Second, RNA nucleotides contain the five-carbon s ...
... Like DNA, ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a ________________ acid—a molecule made of nucleotides linked together. RNA differs from DNA in three ways. First, RNA consists of a __________________ strand of nucleotides instead of the two strands found in DNA. Second, RNA nucleotides contain the five-carbon s ...
Encoding Amino Acids • mRNA codes for amino acids
... Encoding Amino Acids • mRNA codes for amino acids, which combine to form proteins o But in what way does RNA encode amino acids? • There are 4 RNA nucleotides • Clearly, each nucleotide cannot encode a different amino acid o After all, there are only 4 RNA nucleotides and 20 amino acids • Similarly, ...
... Encoding Amino Acids • mRNA codes for amino acids, which combine to form proteins o But in what way does RNA encode amino acids? • There are 4 RNA nucleotides • Clearly, each nucleotide cannot encode a different amino acid o After all, there are only 4 RNA nucleotides and 20 amino acids • Similarly, ...
Proteins determine what?
... 11. What is the end result of semiconservative replication? • 2 identical double helix strands (each with 1 new strand/side and 1original strand/side) ...
... 11. What is the end result of semiconservative replication? • 2 identical double helix strands (each with 1 new strand/side and 1original strand/side) ...
Biosynthesis
Biosynthesis (also called biogenesis or anabolism) is a multi-step, enzyme-catalyzed process where substrates are converted into more complex products in living organisms. In biosynthesis, simple compounds are modified, converted into other compounds, or joined together to form macromolecules. This process often consists of metabolic pathways. Some of these biosynthetic pathways are located within a single cellular organelle, while others involve enzymes that are located within multiple cellular organelles. Examples of these biosynthetic pathways include the production of lipid membrane components and nucleotides.The prerequisite elements for biosynthesis include: precursor compounds, chemical energy (e.g. ATP), and catalytic enzymes which may require coenzymes (e.g.NADH, NADPH). These elements create monomers, the building blocks for macromolecules. Some important biological macromolecules include: proteins, which are composed of amino acid monomers joined via peptide bonds, and DNA molecules, which are composed of nucleotides joined via phosphodiester bonds.