Unit One
... macromolecules ? Reactions in the cell are coupled with the breakdown of ATP which can provide the energy needed to make larger molecules from smaller molecules. 5. An automobile accident victim has lost a great deal of blood. Should paramedics administer (1) water , (2) fluid that approximates intr ...
... macromolecules ? Reactions in the cell are coupled with the breakdown of ATP which can provide the energy needed to make larger molecules from smaller molecules. 5. An automobile accident victim has lost a great deal of blood. Should paramedics administer (1) water , (2) fluid that approximates intr ...
Chapter 5 Bacterial Metabolism
... transported to another cytochrome and then to the next down the chain • This is why the process is referred to as the electron transport chain because it helps transfer electrons down a chain of cytochromes to be finally transferred to an oxygen molecule • The final stage of the electron transport i ...
... transported to another cytochrome and then to the next down the chain • This is why the process is referred to as the electron transport chain because it helps transfer electrons down a chain of cytochromes to be finally transferred to an oxygen molecule • The final stage of the electron transport i ...
CH03_Lecture
... • Fructose is a structural isomer of glucose • Galactose is a stereoisomer of glucose • Enzymes that act on different sugars can distinguish structural and stereoisomers of this basic six-carbon skeleton ...
... • Fructose is a structural isomer of glucose • Galactose is a stereoisomer of glucose • Enzymes that act on different sugars can distinguish structural and stereoisomers of this basic six-carbon skeleton ...
C483 Practice Final Exam
... A. Ammonia is released in the liver mitochondria when glutamate is oxidized to ketoglutarate. B. Glutamate synthetase is a “mop up” enzyme for free ammonia, requiring no ATP. C. Transaminase enzymes require PLP as a cofactor. D. Transaminases catalyze a reaction that is neither an oxidation nor red ...
... A. Ammonia is released in the liver mitochondria when glutamate is oxidized to ketoglutarate. B. Glutamate synthetase is a “mop up” enzyme for free ammonia, requiring no ATP. C. Transaminase enzymes require PLP as a cofactor. D. Transaminases catalyze a reaction that is neither an oxidation nor red ...
Chapter 9. Cellular Respiration Other Metabolites
... final product is inhibitor of earlier step allosteric inhibitor of earlier enzyme ...
... final product is inhibitor of earlier step allosteric inhibitor of earlier enzyme ...
Macromolecules - Lisle CUSD 202
... monomers are linked together to form polymers dehydration synthesis (condensation) broken apart via hydrolysis ...
... monomers are linked together to form polymers dehydration synthesis (condensation) broken apart via hydrolysis ...
amino acids
... ● results in a “backbone” with a repeating pattern of sugar-phosphatesugar-phosphate... ...
... ● results in a “backbone” with a repeating pattern of sugar-phosphatesugar-phosphate... ...
Organic Compounds: Carbohydrates
... Enzymes: for digestion and to speed up life processes Transport: hemoglobin, proteins in cell membranes Fight infections: antibodies Some hormones: insulin Proteins: How They’re Made ...
... Enzymes: for digestion and to speed up life processes Transport: hemoglobin, proteins in cell membranes Fight infections: antibodies Some hormones: insulin Proteins: How They’re Made ...
CHAPTER 25
... IMPORTANT CONSIDERATIONS: If there is only one lecture session available for these topics, stress the highlights of the energy relationships and the relationship between metabolism and body temperature. If three sessions are available, use one for review of nutrients and their routes of entry into t ...
... IMPORTANT CONSIDERATIONS: If there is only one lecture session available for these topics, stress the highlights of the energy relationships and the relationship between metabolism and body temperature. If three sessions are available, use one for review of nutrients and their routes of entry into t ...
Name
... Chapter 3 homework (1 point each) 1. Dehydration reactions _____. They do so by _____ a. link monomers to form a polymer … adding a water molecule b. remove monomers from polymers … adding a water molecule c. link monomers to form a polymer … removing a water molecule d. remove monomers from polymer ...
... Chapter 3 homework (1 point each) 1. Dehydration reactions _____. They do so by _____ a. link monomers to form a polymer … adding a water molecule b. remove monomers from polymers … adding a water molecule c. link monomers to form a polymer … removing a water molecule d. remove monomers from polymer ...
Test Your Knowledge – Chapter 3 Name
... 4. A major characteristic that all lipids have in common is a. they are all made of fatty acids and glycerol. b. they all contain nitrogen. c. none of them is very high in energy content. d. they are all acidic when mixed with water. e. they don’t dissolve well in water. 5. A flower’s color is deter ...
... 4. A major characteristic that all lipids have in common is a. they are all made of fatty acids and glycerol. b. they all contain nitrogen. c. none of them is very high in energy content. d. they are all acidic when mixed with water. e. they don’t dissolve well in water. 5. A flower’s color is deter ...
Living organisms need a constant input of energy
... pathways drive the synthetic ones, providing the ATP and NADP necessary for synthesis of the important molecules. An outside source of energy (e.g. light (plants), chemical energy (animals)) must flow through the cells of the organism for metabolism to occur. Energy cannot be created (or destroyed) ...
... pathways drive the synthetic ones, providing the ATP and NADP necessary for synthesis of the important molecules. An outside source of energy (e.g. light (plants), chemical energy (animals)) must flow through the cells of the organism for metabolism to occur. Energy cannot be created (or destroyed) ...
Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
... What is Photosynthesis? • Using the sun’s energy to make food • Requires a pigment called chlorophyll • Occurs inside chloroplasts ...
... What is Photosynthesis? • Using the sun’s energy to make food • Requires a pigment called chlorophyll • Occurs inside chloroplasts ...
Glycolysis Embden-Meyerhoff pathway
... Regulation of glycolysis • ATP/ADP ratios are important • Two roles: energy production and building blocks for biosynthesis ...
... Regulation of glycolysis • ATP/ADP ratios are important • Two roles: energy production and building blocks for biosynthesis ...
Macromolecules Note: If you have not taken Chemistry 11 (or if...
... Macromolecules are giant molecules made up of thousands or hundreds of thousands of smaller molecules. Macromolecules are formed by linking together smaller molecules. The small building blocks are called monomers while a polymer is the large molecule that is made from linking them together. Most ma ...
... Macromolecules are giant molecules made up of thousands or hundreds of thousands of smaller molecules. Macromolecules are formed by linking together smaller molecules. The small building blocks are called monomers while a polymer is the large molecule that is made from linking them together. Most ma ...
proteinskubalova
... proteins come in two forms: complete proteins contain all eight of the amino acids (threonine, valine, tryptophan, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, phenylalanine, and methionine) that humans cannot produce themselves, while incomplete proteins lack or contain only a very small proportion of one or more ...
... proteins come in two forms: complete proteins contain all eight of the amino acids (threonine, valine, tryptophan, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, phenylalanine, and methionine) that humans cannot produce themselves, while incomplete proteins lack or contain only a very small proportion of one or more ...
C454_lect13
... ATP is the universal energy currency ATP generated by oxidation of fuel molecules NADPH electron donor in reductive biosynthesis Biosynthetic precursors Biosynthetic and degradative pathways are distinct ...
... ATP is the universal energy currency ATP generated by oxidation of fuel molecules NADPH electron donor in reductive biosynthesis Biosynthetic precursors Biosynthetic and degradative pathways are distinct ...
8.3 The Process of Photosynthesis I. Light Dependent Reactions
... Energy stored in ATP and NADPH can only last for a short period of time In the Calvin cycle (light independent reaction), ATP and NADPH are used to form glucose- a more stable form of energy storage ...
... Energy stored in ATP and NADPH can only last for a short period of time In the Calvin cycle (light independent reaction), ATP and NADPH are used to form glucose- a more stable form of energy storage ...
Imagining strange new lifeforms could help us discover our own
... The building blocks of life as we know it essentially consist of four groups of chemicals: proteins, nucleic acids, lipids (fats) and carbohydrates. There was much excitement about the possibility of finding amino acids (the ingredients for proteins) on comets or distant planets because some scienti ...
... The building blocks of life as we know it essentially consist of four groups of chemicals: proteins, nucleic acids, lipids (fats) and carbohydrates. There was much excitement about the possibility of finding amino acids (the ingredients for proteins) on comets or distant planets because some scienti ...
Chapter 5 Oceans: the cradle of life? Cells: a sense of scale Head of
... an engulfed procaryotic cell • Similarities to cyanobacteria – Carry out photosynthesis ...
... an engulfed procaryotic cell • Similarities to cyanobacteria – Carry out photosynthesis ...
Slide 1
... _________ for storage Also converted to _____ & _____ for storage, made into _____________ or used to produce ___________ that strengthens cell walls ...
... _________ for storage Also converted to _____ & _____ for storage, made into _____________ or used to produce ___________ that strengthens cell walls ...
Metabolism
Metabolism (from Greek: μεταβολή metabolē, ""change"") is the set of life-sustaining chemical transformations within the cells of living organisms. These enzyme-catalyzed reactions allow organisms to grow and reproduce, maintain their structures, and respond to their environments. The word metabolism can also refer to all chemical reactions that occur in living organisms, including digestion and the transport of substances into and between different cells, in which case the set of reactions within the cells is called intermediary metabolism or intermediate metabolism.Metabolism is usually divided into two categories: catabolism, the breaking down of organic matter by way of cellular respiration, and anabolism, the building up of components of cells such as proteins and nucleic acids. Usually, breaking down releases energy and building up consumes energy.The chemical reactions of metabolism are organized into metabolic pathways, in which one chemical is transformed through a series of steps into another chemical, by a sequence of enzymes. Enzymes are crucial to metabolism because they allow organisms to drive desirable reactions that require energy that will not occur by themselves, by coupling them to spontaneous reactions that release energy. Enzymes act as catalysts that allow the reactions to proceed more rapidly. Enzymes also allow the regulation of metabolic pathways in response to changes in the cell's environment or to signals from other cells.The metabolic system of a particular organism determines which substances it will find nutritious and which poisonous. For example, some prokaryotes use hydrogen sulfide as a nutrient, yet this gas is poisonous to animals. The speed of metabolism, the metabolic rate, influences how much food an organism will require, and also affects how it is able to obtain that food.A striking feature of metabolism is the similarity of the basic metabolic pathways and components between even vastly different species. For example, the set of carboxylic acids that are best known as the intermediates in the citric acid cycle are present in all known organisms, being found in species as diverse as the unicellular bacterium Escherichia coli and huge multicellular organisms like elephants. These striking similarities in metabolic pathways are likely due to their early appearance in evolutionary history, and their retention because of their efficacy.