cell energy test review
... c. ADP is broken down d. water is formed 12. In the light reactions, when excited electrons are transferred between the carrier molecules a. Type II chlorophyll breaks down c. NADP is produced from NADPH2 b. PGAL is used d. ATP is synthesized from ADP and phosphate 13. The foods most commonly broken ...
... c. ADP is broken down d. water is formed 12. In the light reactions, when excited electrons are transferred between the carrier molecules a. Type II chlorophyll breaks down c. NADP is produced from NADPH2 b. PGAL is used d. ATP is synthesized from ADP and phosphate 13. The foods most commonly broken ...
Intracellular Respiration
... enzymes to coenzymes that are Hydrogen acceptors 1. NAD+ (oxidized) Nicotinamide adenine Dinucleotide, accepts electrons and becomes 2. NADH (reduced) ...
... enzymes to coenzymes that are Hydrogen acceptors 1. NAD+ (oxidized) Nicotinamide adenine Dinucleotide, accepts electrons and becomes 2. NADH (reduced) ...
What is metabolism? The sum of all chemical reactions that occur as
... ETS are taken up by a molecule other than O 2 (these electrons are essentially waste that must be disposed of). Examples of non- O 2 electron acceptors ...
... ETS are taken up by a molecule other than O 2 (these electrons are essentially waste that must be disposed of). Examples of non- O 2 electron acceptors ...
The Basics of Cellular Respiration
... 3) H atoms separate into protons (H+) and electrons (e-). 4) Electrons are passed from one carrier (cytochrome proteins) to the next in E.T. (This is accomplished through a series of oxidationreduction reactions.) ...
... 3) H atoms separate into protons (H+) and electrons (e-). 4) Electrons are passed from one carrier (cytochrome proteins) to the next in E.T. (This is accomplished through a series of oxidationreduction reactions.) ...
The Proton-Motive Force Overview Compartmentalization
... ATP Synthase are separate, and linked only by proton gradent ...
... ATP Synthase are separate, and linked only by proton gradent ...
glucose, faKy acids, amino acids
... mitochondria • Enzyme called ATP synthase helps to create massive amounts of ATP • Electron carriers from glycolysis and Kreb’s cycle aid in the process by donaDng their electrons ...
... mitochondria • Enzyme called ATP synthase helps to create massive amounts of ATP • Electron carriers from glycolysis and Kreb’s cycle aid in the process by donaDng their electrons ...
Metabolism
... carriers pass electrons from NADH and FADH to one another down a red-ox stairway. The net result of this series of step-wise electron exchanges is to pump H+ (protons) out of the matrix into the outer compartment between the outer and inner membrane of the mitochondria. ...
... carriers pass electrons from NADH and FADH to one another down a red-ox stairway. The net result of this series of step-wise electron exchanges is to pump H+ (protons) out of the matrix into the outer compartment between the outer and inner membrane of the mitochondria. ...
acetyl CoA
... • Involves electron transport and chemiosmosis • Requires an adequate supply of oxygen. • Electrons from NADH and FADH2 travel down the electron transport chain to O2. • Oxygen picks up H+ to form water. • Energy released by these redox reactions is used to pump H+ from the mitochondrial matrix into ...
... • Involves electron transport and chemiosmosis • Requires an adequate supply of oxygen. • Electrons from NADH and FADH2 travel down the electron transport chain to O2. • Oxygen picks up H+ to form water. • Energy released by these redox reactions is used to pump H+ from the mitochondrial matrix into ...
Metabolism
... Light-Harvesting Complexes Primary electron acceptor The Reaction Center Photosystems I and II Noncyclic Electron Flow – Is the primary pathway of energy transformation in the light reactions – It involves both photosystems – Produces NADPH, ATP, and oxygen Cyclic Electron Flow – Photoexcited electr ...
... Light-Harvesting Complexes Primary electron acceptor The Reaction Center Photosystems I and II Noncyclic Electron Flow – Is the primary pathway of energy transformation in the light reactions – It involves both photosystems – Produces NADPH, ATP, and oxygen Cyclic Electron Flow – Photoexcited electr ...
ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN, OXIDATIVE
... • NADH, Coenzyme Q Reductase, • Point of entry into ETC for electrons from NADH • Complex II: • Succinate, Coenzyme Q Reductase, • Point of entry into ETC for electrons from Succinate; ...
... • NADH, Coenzyme Q Reductase, • Point of entry into ETC for electrons from NADH • Complex II: • Succinate, Coenzyme Q Reductase, • Point of entry into ETC for electrons from Succinate; ...
Cellular oxygen utilization in health and sepsis
... It is important to realize that this is where the molecular oxygen that we breathe in acts, without oxygen the electron transport chain grinds to a halt! The effect of electrons flowing down this chain is to cause conformational changes in complexes I, III, and IV, which result in the translocation ...
... It is important to realize that this is where the molecular oxygen that we breathe in acts, without oxygen the electron transport chain grinds to a halt! The effect of electrons flowing down this chain is to cause conformational changes in complexes I, III, and IV, which result in the translocation ...
Aerobic Respiration
... Reduced NAD and reduced FAD donate hydrogen atoms. The carriers become re oxidised in the process (due to loss of hydrogen) and return to glycolysis, link reaction or the krebs cycle to collect more hydrogen The hydrogen atoms split into protons (H+) and electrons. (occurs in the matrix) The electro ...
... Reduced NAD and reduced FAD donate hydrogen atoms. The carriers become re oxidised in the process (due to loss of hydrogen) and return to glycolysis, link reaction or the krebs cycle to collect more hydrogen The hydrogen atoms split into protons (H+) and electrons. (occurs in the matrix) The electro ...
This is Most of an Old Exam
... _____ 1.Which of the following statements regarding metabolic processes is FALSE? A. Cellular oxidation of food fuels is the immediate source of electrons for oxidative phosphorylation. B. In oxidative phosphorylation, both the electron transport proteins and the ATP synthase molecules are in the sa ...
... _____ 1.Which of the following statements regarding metabolic processes is FALSE? A. Cellular oxidation of food fuels is the immediate source of electrons for oxidative phosphorylation. B. In oxidative phosphorylation, both the electron transport proteins and the ATP synthase molecules are in the sa ...
Study guide Unit 4 Energy Cellular Repsiration KEY
... BOTH HAVE ADENINE AND RIBOSE; ADP IS THE MOLECULE CREATED WHEN ATP IS “CUT” RELEASING ENERGY 13. List cellular activities that require the energy of ATP. Used in making RNA and DNA • Making polysaccharides • Assembly of proteins • Active transport across cell membranes • Nerve impulses • Muscle cont ...
... BOTH HAVE ADENINE AND RIBOSE; ADP IS THE MOLECULE CREATED WHEN ATP IS “CUT” RELEASING ENERGY 13. List cellular activities that require the energy of ATP. Used in making RNA and DNA • Making polysaccharides • Assembly of proteins • Active transport across cell membranes • Nerve impulses • Muscle cont ...
Lecture 7
... b The second stage, the Krebs cycle and a few steps before it, occurs inside mitochondria. The 2 pyruvates are broken down to CO2, which leaves the cell. During the reactions, 8 NAD+ and 2 FAD pick up electrons and hydrogen atoms, so 8 NADH and 2 FADH2 form. 2 ATP also form. c The third and final st ...
... b The second stage, the Krebs cycle and a few steps before it, occurs inside mitochondria. The 2 pyruvates are broken down to CO2, which leaves the cell. During the reactions, 8 NAD+ and 2 FAD pick up electrons and hydrogen atoms, so 8 NADH and 2 FADH2 form. 2 ATP also form. c The third and final st ...
Electrophilic addition reactions of acids to alkenes double
... the same conditions, protic methanol, so… a little few drops of concentrated acid or a few of gas in methanol, we would go from here to here, and now the methanol, or any other alcohol, will add a proton that can be lost, and we get the ether. So entirely analogous to what we’ve been seeing in SN1 r ...
... the same conditions, protic methanol, so… a little few drops of concentrated acid or a few of gas in methanol, we would go from here to here, and now the methanol, or any other alcohol, will add a proton that can be lost, and we get the ether. So entirely analogous to what we’ve been seeing in SN1 r ...
Cellular Respiration
... Occurs in mitochondria; uses the high energy electrons captured in the Krebs Cycle (in NADH and FADH2) to form ATP and water. ...
... Occurs in mitochondria; uses the high energy electrons captured in the Krebs Cycle (in NADH and FADH2) to form ATP and water. ...
222 Coenzymes.p65
... 2. The electrons are passed a long a series of carriers (reoxidising the coenzyme) 3. Energy is released from the electrons and is used by coenzymes to pump protons across the intermembrane space, creating a proton gradient 4. Protons are able to diffuse back across the inner membrane via ion channe ...
... 2. The electrons are passed a long a series of carriers (reoxidising the coenzyme) 3. Energy is released from the electrons and is used by coenzymes to pump protons across the intermembrane space, creating a proton gradient 4. Protons are able to diffuse back across the inner membrane via ion channe ...
Electron transport chain
An electron transport chain (ETC) is a series of compounds that transfer electrons from electron donors to electron acceptors via redox reactions, and couples this electron transfer with the transfer of protons (H+ ions) across a membrane. This creates an electrochemical proton gradient that drives ATP synthesis, or the generation of chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The final acceptor of electrons in the electron transport chain is molecular oxygen.Electron transport chains are used for extracting energy via redox reactions from sunlight in photosynthesis or, such as in the case of the oxidation of sugars, cellular respiration. In eukaryotes, an important electron transport chain is found in the inner mitochondrial membrane where it serves as the site of oxidative phosphorylation through the use of ATP synthase. It is also found in the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast in photosynthetic eukaryotes. In bacteria, the electron transport chain is located in their cell membrane.In chloroplasts, light drives the conversion of water to oxygen and NADP+ to NADPH with transfer of H+ ions across chloroplast membranes. In mitochondria, it is the conversion of oxygen to water, NADH to NAD+ and succinate to fumarate that are required to generate the proton gradient. Electron transport chains are major sites of premature electron leakage to oxygen, generating superoxide and potentially resulting in increased oxidative stress.