Download Study guide Unit 4 Energy Cellular Repsiration KEY

Cellular Respiration Review
1. What is cellular respiration?
PROCESS THAT PRODUCES ENERGY (ATP) FROM GLUCOSE. MOST OF THE PROCESS NEEDS
OXYGEN
2. List the two stages in cellular respiration that require oxygen.
KREBS CYCLE
ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN
3. Write the BALANCED equation for Cellular Respiration. Label the appropriate sides reactants
and products.
REACTANTS
PRODUCTS
4. Compare and contrast anaerobic and aerobic respiration.
BOTH PRODUCE ENERGY AND OCCUR IN THE CELL
AEROBIC NEEDS OXYGEN AND PRODUCES MORE ENERGY; IN MITOCHONDRIA
ANAEROBIC NO OXYGEN AND LESS ENERGY; IN CYTOPLASM
5. Which organisms carry out cellular respiration?
ALL LIVING THINGS CARRY OUR RESPIRATION OF SOME SORT BECAUSE LIVING THINGS NEED
METABOLISM AND ENERGY
6. Cellular respiration occurs in three main stages. List each stage and indicate 1) where it occurs in
the cell and 2) whether it is anerobic or aerobic.
GLYCOLYSIS – ANAEROBIC IN CYTOPLASM
KREBS CYCLE – AEROBIC IN MITOCHONDRIA
ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN – AEROBIC IN MITOCHONDRIA
7. Summarize ATP production in glycolysis
GLYCOLYSIS PRODUCES A NET OF 2 ATP; 2 ARE NEEDED TO START REACTION
8. NAD+, NADP+, NADH are all types of _ELECTRON__carriers.
9. Which stage produces the most ATP in cellular respiration?
ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN
10. T or F: Prokaryotes can undergo aerobic respiration inside the mitochondria. Explain your
answer. FALSE; PROKARYOTES DO NOT HAVE MITOCHONDRIA; THEY WILL UNDERGO
FERMENTATION
11. What is the job of the mitochondria?
MITOCHONDRIA ARE THE “ENERGY FACTORIES” OF THE CELL. THEIR JOB IS TO PRODUCE ATP.
12. Compare and Contrast ADP and ATP
ATP – 3 PHOSPHATES – HIGH ENERGY BOND BETWEEN 2ND AND 3RD
ADP – 2 PHOSPHATES
BOTH HAVE ADENINE AND RIBOSE; ADP IS THE MOLECULE CREATED WHEN ATP IS “CUT” RELEASING
ENERGY
13. List cellular activities that require the energy of ATP.
Used in making RNA and DNA
• Making polysaccharides
• Assembly of proteins
• Active transport across cell membranes
• Nerve impulses
• Muscle contraction
• Movement of cilia and flagella
• Bioluminescence
Use the word bank below to fill in the blanks of the paragraph. You may use them more than once.
ADP
ATP
Work
Store
Energy
Phosphate
Removed
When energy is available, a cell can __STORE__ small amounts of it by adding a phosphate to _ADP_ to
form _ATP___. The addition of the third _PHOSPHATE__stores __ENERGY_____. When the cell needs
energy, the third __PHOSPHATE_____ is ___REMOVED____, releasing energy. This energy is used to do
the __WORK____ of the cell.
Label the 3 parts of the ATP molecule below. Circle the high energy bond.
High Energy Bond
Fill in the missing pieces of the diagram below.
KEY TO DIAGRAM
1.
2.
3.
4.
Glycolysis
Occurs in the cytoplasm
2 ATP
Pyruvate
7. Krebs Cycle
8. Electron Transport Chain
9.
Occurs in mitochondria
13. 2 ATP
14. ~34 ATP
Anaerobic Respiration
1. What is another name for glycolysis that occurs in cells like bacteria, yeast and muscle cells?
ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION OR FERMENTATION
2. List the two types of fermentation. Summarize events in each type of fermentation.
LACTIC ACID: GLUCOSE TO PYRUVATE TO LACTIC ACID IN ABSENCE OF OXYGEN
ALCOHOLIC: GLUCOSE TO PYRUVATE TO ALCOHOL IN ABSENCE OF OXYGEN
3. What organism did we look at to carry out alcoholic fermentation? Explain the results of the
experiment.
WE EXPERIMENTED WITH YEAST; WE COVERED OUR TEST TUBES WITH A BALOON TO TRAP THE
CARBON DIOXIDE PRODUCED. THE YEAST WITH SUGAR (TO PROVIDE GLUCOSE) PRODUCED
CARBON DIOXIDE GAS AND ALCOHOL (WHICH WE WERE ABLE TO SMELL IN THE BALLOON)
4. What organisms carry out lactic acid fermentation?
MUSCLE CELLS OF ANIMALS AS WELL AS SOME BACTERIA AND OTHER MICROORGANISMS