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Maschal EOC Review: Metabolism Create flash cards by cutting/pasting or rewriting information. Metabolism: Think Energy! The sum of all chemical reactions in the cell/organism. ATP: (adenosine triphosphate) the energy currency (fuel) for cells. Sun (Solar): the energy source for all life on Earth. Photosynthesis: Photo: Light Synthesis: Putting Together Light energy is converted to chemical energy in the cell. The plant cell uses chemical energy to create biomolecules/biopolymers (Carbohydrates, Proteins, Nucleic Acids, and Lipids/Fats). Chloroplast: Site of photosynthesis in the cell (collects the light energy). Chlorophyll: Principal pigment of the cell (green). Reactants: Carbon Dioxide, Water, and Light Products: Glucose and Oxygen 6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2 Cellular Respiration: Biomolecules/Biopolymers (food) are converted to chemical energy (ATP). Mitochondria: Site of cellular respiration (Converts glucose to ATP). Enzymes: Assists in putting together the substrates (reactants) to create the products. Reactants: Oxygen, Glucose, and Enzymes Product: Carbon Dioxide, Water, and Energy Cellular Respiration starts in the cytoplasm. During glycolysis, 2 ATP are produced. Once Cellular Respiration enters the mitochondria, two additional ATP are produced in the Kreb Cycle and 34 ATP in the Electron Transport Chain. 6O + C H O 2 6 12 6 ENZYME 6CO + 6H O + (ATP) energy Fermentation: If cellular respiration continues in the absence of oxygen, fermentation occurs. Alcoholic Fermentation: Plant cells produce alcohol. Lactic Acid Fermentation: Animal cells produce lactic acid, causing muscle soreness. 2 2