Germ Cell Speci fi cation - Molecular Biology and Genetics
... promote their own degradation and the degradation of other CCCH-binding proteins by promoting the translation of the E3 ligase subunit that targets them for ubiquitination. MEX-5 activity requires phosphorylation by the Polo kinases PLK-1 and PLK2, which directly bind to, and segregate with, MEX-5. ...
... promote their own degradation and the degradation of other CCCH-binding proteins by promoting the translation of the E3 ligase subunit that targets them for ubiquitination. MEX-5 activity requires phosphorylation by the Polo kinases PLK-1 and PLK2, which directly bind to, and segregate with, MEX-5. ...
Mitochondrial behaviour throughout the lytic cycle of Toxoplasma
... The various functions of mitochondria are governed in part by positioning of the organelle at relevant cellular locations. The dynamic nature of mitochondrial behavior is indicated by the multiple morphologies seen in various cell types and under various growth conditions. For example, several mamma ...
... The various functions of mitochondria are governed in part by positioning of the organelle at relevant cellular locations. The dynamic nature of mitochondrial behavior is indicated by the multiple morphologies seen in various cell types and under various growth conditions. For example, several mamma ...
O-GlcNAc transferase inhibitors: current tools and
... Biochemical Society Transactions (2016) Volume 44, part 1 ...
... Biochemical Society Transactions (2016) Volume 44, part 1 ...
RNA polymerase II transcription is concentrated outside replication
... replicated in late S-phase (reviewed by Goldman, 1988). Transcription factors probably play an important role in replication (Herbomel, 1990; Wolffe, 1991; Heintz, 1992; DePamphilis, 1993) as well as in DNA repair (Bootsma and Hoeijmakers, 1993). Whether transcription causes genes to replicate early ...
... replicated in late S-phase (reviewed by Goldman, 1988). Transcription factors probably play an important role in replication (Herbomel, 1990; Wolffe, 1991; Heintz, 1992; DePamphilis, 1993) as well as in DNA repair (Bootsma and Hoeijmakers, 1993). Whether transcription causes genes to replicate early ...
Pericentriolar material structure and dynamics
... Decades of research have pursued atomic-level resolution of the underlying pericentriolar material (PCM) structure with little avail. This is probably owing to limitations in methodology, but also to the fact that the PCM does not behave like most ordered proteinacious assemblies. In the earliest el ...
... Decades of research have pursued atomic-level resolution of the underlying pericentriolar material (PCM) structure with little avail. This is probably owing to limitations in methodology, but also to the fact that the PCM does not behave like most ordered proteinacious assemblies. In the earliest el ...
Calretinin
... • Determining whether CR phosphorylation is a mechanism for regulating its Ca2+ binding will require: first labeling CR unambiguously; and second determining by autoradiography whether CR is phosphorylated under a variety of conditions. The present work represents a contribution to investigating the ...
... • Determining whether CR phosphorylation is a mechanism for regulating its Ca2+ binding will require: first labeling CR unambiguously; and second determining by autoradiography whether CR is phosphorylated under a variety of conditions. The present work represents a contribution to investigating the ...
View - OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center
... fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry by ...
... fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry by ...
Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay - Case Western Reserve University
... followed by 30 -to-50 degradation and/or decapping and 50 -to-30 degradation. In yeast, NMD triggers rapid deadenylation, removes the inhibition of decapping by the poly(A) tail, and accelerates the rate of decapping [47!,59]. These events result in the mRNA being degraded primarily by rapid deadeny ...
... followed by 30 -to-50 degradation and/or decapping and 50 -to-30 degradation. In yeast, NMD triggers rapid deadenylation, removes the inhibition of decapping by the poly(A) tail, and accelerates the rate of decapping [47!,59]. These events result in the mRNA being degraded primarily by rapid deadeny ...
Kinetics of MPF and histone H1 kinase activity differ during the G2
... measuring the capacity of oocytes at different stages of maturation to induce nuclear membrane breakdown and chromatin condensation when fused to a dbcAMP arrested immature fusion partner. Our results presented in Table 1 support those of Hashimoto and Kishimoto (1988) who used a starfish assay syst ...
... measuring the capacity of oocytes at different stages of maturation to induce nuclear membrane breakdown and chromatin condensation when fused to a dbcAMP arrested immature fusion partner. Our results presented in Table 1 support those of Hashimoto and Kishimoto (1988) who used a starfish assay syst ...
Brewer`s yeast - IBD Learning Zone
... developed to assess yeast stress resistance and evaluate the suitability of a specific strain for use in industrial ethanol fermentations. This ‘model’ could potentially be used for screening candidate yeast strains for relative stress resistance in the fuel ethanol industry and other industries whe ...
... developed to assess yeast stress resistance and evaluate the suitability of a specific strain for use in industrial ethanol fermentations. This ‘model’ could potentially be used for screening candidate yeast strains for relative stress resistance in the fuel ethanol industry and other industries whe ...
Construction of the yeast whole-cell Rhizopus oryzae lipase
... Aliquots of the cell suspensions were taken out and chilled immediately on ice at regular intervals. The residual hydrolysis activity was measured at 30 °C and pH 7.0, using pNPP as substrate. 2.9 Application of the whole-cell biocatalyst The codon-optimized ROL-displaying yeast was cultivated in 15 ...
... Aliquots of the cell suspensions were taken out and chilled immediately on ice at regular intervals. The residual hydrolysis activity was measured at 30 °C and pH 7.0, using pNPP as substrate. 2.9 Application of the whole-cell biocatalyst The codon-optimized ROL-displaying yeast was cultivated in 15 ...
Microtubules
... The minus end of a-tubulin may contribute an essential residue to the catalytic site of b-tubulin. Thus the minus end of an a subunit may serve as GAP (GTPase activating protein) for b-tubulin of the adjacent dimer in a protofilament. A homologous bacterial protein FtsZ is considered the ancestor of ...
... The minus end of a-tubulin may contribute an essential residue to the catalytic site of b-tubulin. Thus the minus end of an a subunit may serve as GAP (GTPase activating protein) for b-tubulin of the adjacent dimer in a protofilament. A homologous bacterial protein FtsZ is considered the ancestor of ...
UNIT 1 – FORCE AND MOTION (SEPUP Force and
... cilia, flagella, cell membrane, nuclear membrane, cell wall, and cytoplasm). B-2.3 Compare the structures and organelles or prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. B-2.4 Explain the process of cell differentiation as the basis for the hierarchal organization of organisms (including cells, tissues, organs, ...
... cilia, flagella, cell membrane, nuclear membrane, cell wall, and cytoplasm). B-2.3 Compare the structures and organelles or prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. B-2.4 Explain the process of cell differentiation as the basis for the hierarchal organization of organisms (including cells, tissues, organs, ...
Condensin II Promotes the Formation of Chromosome Territories by
... In Drosophila, multiple chromosome organization schemes have been well characterized. The Rabl configuration is observed in many diploid nuclei such as those of the early embryo and the larval central nervous system [19,20]. Polyploid-polytene chromosomes, such as those of the larval salivary gland, ...
... In Drosophila, multiple chromosome organization schemes have been well characterized. The Rabl configuration is observed in many diploid nuclei such as those of the early embryo and the larval central nervous system [19,20]. Polyploid-polytene chromosomes, such as those of the larval salivary gland, ...
Nucleation and Dynamics of Golgi-derived Microtubules
... In most studies, the origin of MTs, stabilized by specific proteins in the Golgi vicinity, has not been tested, and it would not be correct to imply that only MTs nucleated at the Golgi can be stabilized via these mechanisms. However, Golgi-derived MTs obviously fall into the category of MTs in the ...
... In most studies, the origin of MTs, stabilized by specific proteins in the Golgi vicinity, has not been tested, and it would not be correct to imply that only MTs nucleated at the Golgi can be stabilized via these mechanisms. However, Golgi-derived MTs obviously fall into the category of MTs in the ...
Perspectives
... of day,’’ generally in the late night to early morning ( Jacklet 1977; Dunlap et al. 1980; Dunlap and Feldman 1988), and chronic inhibition stopped the clock at dawn (e.g., Khalsa and Block 1992). Moving beyond this to the proteins involved, however, would obviously be tough, and it required no bril ...
... of day,’’ generally in the late night to early morning ( Jacklet 1977; Dunlap et al. 1980; Dunlap and Feldman 1988), and chronic inhibition stopped the clock at dawn (e.g., Khalsa and Block 1992). Moving beyond this to the proteins involved, however, would obviously be tough, and it required no bril ...
Flamingo controls the planar polarity of sensory
... (SOPs). The Numb protein, which is localized asymmetrically in a cortical crescent in each SOP, segregates into only one of the two daughter cells during cell division, thereby conferring distinct fates to the daughter cells [1,2]. In neuroblasts, establishment of apical–basal polarity by the protei ...
... (SOPs). The Numb protein, which is localized asymmetrically in a cortical crescent in each SOP, segregates into only one of the two daughter cells during cell division, thereby conferring distinct fates to the daughter cells [1,2]. In neuroblasts, establishment of apical–basal polarity by the protei ...
pdf, 1.1 MB - The Nebenführ Lab
... (MFs), and ER elements, that assemble in two opposing sets perpendicular to the plane of the future cell plate during ana- and telophase (Staehelin and Hepler, 1996). As the cell plate matures in the central part of the cell, the phragmoplast disassembles in this region and new elements are added on ...
... (MFs), and ER elements, that assemble in two opposing sets perpendicular to the plane of the future cell plate during ana- and telophase (Staehelin and Hepler, 1996). As the cell plate matures in the central part of the cell, the phragmoplast disassembles in this region and new elements are added on ...
Caspases - Essays in Biochemistry
... process. Since 1993 a family of related proteases has been described. This family, termed the caspases (for cysteinyl aspartate-specific proteases), indeed has been shown to play a central role in initiation and execution of apoptosis [2]. The importance of caspases for the apoptotic process was doc ...
... process. Since 1993 a family of related proteases has been described. This family, termed the caspases (for cysteinyl aspartate-specific proteases), indeed has been shown to play a central role in initiation and execution of apoptosis [2]. The importance of caspases for the apoptotic process was doc ...
MAPK Phosphatase AP2C3 Induces Ectopic Proliferation of
... Funding: The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. This work was supported by fellowships from Austrian Exchange Service (OeAD) (for JU), European Union (EU) and Vienna University (for JU and ZA), Naresuan University ...
... Funding: The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. This work was supported by fellowships from Austrian Exchange Service (OeAD) (for JU), European Union (EU) and Vienna University (for JU and ZA), Naresuan University ...
Coupling transcription, splicing and mRNA export
... interactions between exosome and TREX complex components. Moreover, Yra1 interacts physically with the exosomal protein Rrp45 [18]. Previous studies have shown that TREX complex mutants generate transcripts that are truncated at their 30 ends (for a review, see [16]). Jensen and colleagues have no ...
... interactions between exosome and TREX complex components. Moreover, Yra1 interacts physically with the exosomal protein Rrp45 [18]. Previous studies have shown that TREX complex mutants generate transcripts that are truncated at their 30 ends (for a review, see [16]). Jensen and colleagues have no ...
doc
... the inflammasome (caspase-1 and caspase-8) or the stressosome (caspase-2) (reviewed in Lamkanfi et. al., 2006). In this project, the formation of the stressosome under different conditions of cellular stress (DNA damage, ATP release, ER stress, mitochondrial ROS, heat, TLR) will be studied by UG2 in ...
... the inflammasome (caspase-1 and caspase-8) or the stressosome (caspase-2) (reviewed in Lamkanfi et. al., 2006). In this project, the formation of the stressosome under different conditions of cellular stress (DNA damage, ATP release, ER stress, mitochondrial ROS, heat, TLR) will be studied by UG2 in ...
ELM1 is required for multidrug resistance in
... transcription of many genes encoding ABC transporters (including PDR5), as well as permeases and enzymes involved in lipid and cell wall synthesis (DE R ISI et al. 2000). Similar to Pdr1, several hyperactive Pdr3 activators, including that encoded by the pdr3-2 allele, were identified (NOURANI et a ...
... transcription of many genes encoding ABC transporters (including PDR5), as well as permeases and enzymes involved in lipid and cell wall synthesis (DE R ISI et al. 2000). Similar to Pdr1, several hyperactive Pdr3 activators, including that encoded by the pdr3-2 allele, were identified (NOURANI et a ...
Biochemical switches in the cell cycle
A series of biochemical switches control transitions between and within the various phases of the cell cycle. The cell cycle is a series of complex, ordered, sequential events that control how a single cell divides into two cells, and involves several different phases. The phases include the G1 and G2 phases, DNA replication or S phase, and the actual process of cell division, mitosis or M phase. During the M phase, the chromosomes separate and cytokinesis occurs.The switches maintain the orderly progression of the cell cycle and act as checkpoints to ensure that each phase has been properly completed before progression to the next phase. For example, Cdk, or cyclin dependent kinase, is a major control switch for the cell cycle and it allows the cell to move from G1 to S or G2 to M by adding phosphate to protein substrates. Such multi-component (involving multiple inter-linked proteins) switches have been shown to generate decisive, robust (and potentially irreversible) transitions and trigger stable oscillations. As a result, they are a subject of active research that tries to understand how such complex properties are wired into biological control systems.