Reverse engineering of drug induced DNA damage response
... new insights into the topological protein networks underlying the measured signalling profiles following two different magnitudes of DNA damage. Systems analysis and study of these interaction maps are then used to identify key signalling alterations in the DDR network that may explain or interpret ...
... new insights into the topological protein networks underlying the measured signalling profiles following two different magnitudes of DNA damage. Systems analysis and study of these interaction maps are then used to identify key signalling alterations in the DDR network that may explain or interpret ...
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... subunit export12. The casein kinase I isoform Hrr25 has multiple roles in the cell20 but has not been implicated in ribosome biogenesis. Notably, when pre-40S particles were purified from Hrr25-depleted cells and incubated with ATP, Enp1 and Rps3 were apparently not phosphorylated and not released f ...
... subunit export12. The casein kinase I isoform Hrr25 has multiple roles in the cell20 but has not been implicated in ribosome biogenesis. Notably, when pre-40S particles were purified from Hrr25-depleted cells and incubated with ATP, Enp1 and Rps3 were apparently not phosphorylated and not released f ...
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... wells with no visible growth of the fungi, and was transferred into PDA for a new incubation at 27 ˚C. A positive control (subsample from media broth with water) was also incubated on PDA. For all plates, incubation lasted till fungal growth was observed on control plates. After 72 h of incubation, ...
... wells with no visible growth of the fungi, and was transferred into PDA for a new incubation at 27 ˚C. A positive control (subsample from media broth with water) was also incubated on PDA. For all plates, incubation lasted till fungal growth was observed on control plates. After 72 h of incubation, ...
Daughter-Specific Transcription Factors Regulate Cell Size Control
... 1 The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, United States of America, 2 Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, SUNY at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America ...
... 1 The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, United States of America, 2 Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, SUNY at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America ...
Crosstalk in NF-κB signaling pathways
... of IRF3 (ref. 28). The relative contribution to this process of TRAFs and other E3 ligases needs further investigation under physiological conditions. Furthermore, it remains unclear whether the requirement for TRAF3 in interferon production likewise depends on its E3 ligase activity. As it would se ...
... of IRF3 (ref. 28). The relative contribution to this process of TRAFs and other E3 ligases needs further investigation under physiological conditions. Furthermore, it remains unclear whether the requirement for TRAF3 in interferon production likewise depends on its E3 ligase activity. As it would se ...
Cell behaviour and cleft palate in the mutant mouse
... 12-5 days, when they appear as a pair of parallel ridges growing down from either side of the roof of the buccal cavity (Fig. 1 a). That these are ridges can be seen at their posterior end where the knife has cut a glancing transverse section through the tissue. By the 14th day of development (14-5 ...
... 12-5 days, when they appear as a pair of parallel ridges growing down from either side of the roof of the buccal cavity (Fig. 1 a). That these are ridges can be seen at their posterior end where the knife has cut a glancing transverse section through the tissue. By the 14th day of development (14-5 ...
Chemical genetics discloses the importance of heme
... mammalian cells. GAGs have been suggested to mediate the initial interaction between many microbes and the target cell (Rostand and Esko 1997). It has been suggested that chlamydiae initially interacts with GAGs in a reversible manner and thereafter binds irreversibly to receptors such as the mannos ...
... mammalian cells. GAGs have been suggested to mediate the initial interaction between many microbes and the target cell (Rostand and Esko 1997). It has been suggested that chlamydiae initially interacts with GAGs in a reversible manner and thereafter binds irreversibly to receptors such as the mannos ...
Intracellular calcium: friend or foe?
... outside, the cell is able to accumulate up to millimolar concentrations of the indicator inside. Though these fluors have now been used widely in many cells types their precise intracellular location has rarely been fully documented. Other complications can be ester hydrolysis, occurring extracellul ...
... outside, the cell is able to accumulate up to millimolar concentrations of the indicator inside. Though these fluors have now been used widely in many cells types their precise intracellular location has rarely been fully documented. Other complications can be ester hydrolysis, occurring extracellul ...
CELL MOTILITY: Spatial and Temporal Regulation of
... leukocytes, fibroblasts, epithelial cells, and neuronal growth cones, fulfill their specific biological roles. Although these cells’ overall migration occurs through related molecular and cellular mechanisms, their types of movement are very distinct and are optimized to their specific environments. ...
... leukocytes, fibroblasts, epithelial cells, and neuronal growth cones, fulfill their specific biological roles. Although these cells’ overall migration occurs through related molecular and cellular mechanisms, their types of movement are very distinct and are optimized to their specific environments. ...
YEAST INFORMATION SHEET
... • Production of carbon dioxide. This is generated by the yeast as a result of the breakdown of fermentable sugars in the dough. The production of carbon dioxide causes expansion of the dough as it is trapped within the protein matrix of the dough. • Dough maturation. This is accomplished by the ch ...
... • Production of carbon dioxide. This is generated by the yeast as a result of the breakdown of fermentable sugars in the dough. The production of carbon dioxide causes expansion of the dough as it is trapped within the protein matrix of the dough. • Dough maturation. This is accomplished by the ch ...
Gene Section KSR1 (kinase suppressor of ras 1)
... catalytic activity. KSR1 is recognized as a pseudokinase, since mammalian KSR1 does not possess the lysine responsible for ATP orientation and hydrolysis in the putative kinase domain. This lysine is present in C. elegans and D. melanogaster, but mutation of this site did not affect activation of th ...
... catalytic activity. KSR1 is recognized as a pseudokinase, since mammalian KSR1 does not possess the lysine responsible for ATP orientation and hydrolysis in the putative kinase domain. This lysine is present in C. elegans and D. melanogaster, but mutation of this site did not affect activation of th ...
Cell Division Activity during Apical Hook
... Figure 4. Steps in ACC-mediated exaggerated apical hook. A, Confocal sections of the apical hook during ACC application. Seedlings were grown in air (i) or treated with ACC for 20 h (see Materials and Methods; ii, iii, iv). Two steps in exaggerated hook development were observed: ii, arc elongation; ...
... Figure 4. Steps in ACC-mediated exaggerated apical hook. A, Confocal sections of the apical hook during ACC application. Seedlings were grown in air (i) or treated with ACC for 20 h (see Materials and Methods; ii, iii, iv). Two steps in exaggerated hook development were observed: ii, arc elongation; ...
Transcriptional repression by MYB3R proteins regulates plant organ
... Based on the expression of selected genes "early" and "later" in development (Fig. 2b,c,d) the authors suggest that G2/M genes are de-repressed in differentiated cells. They do not exclude the possibility that such differences could also be a consequence of prolonged cell division activity and/or pr ...
... Based on the expression of selected genes "early" and "later" in development (Fig. 2b,c,d) the authors suggest that G2/M genes are de-repressed in differentiated cells. They do not exclude the possibility that such differences could also be a consequence of prolonged cell division activity and/or pr ...
Small molecules that regulate lifespan
... chromosomal circular forms of rDNA known as ERCs, which can replicate during S-phase but are inefficiently segregated to daughter cells. As a result, the abundance of ERCs increases exponentially in mother cells at a rate determined by cell division, until they reach more than 1000 copies. The mecha ...
... chromosomal circular forms of rDNA known as ERCs, which can replicate during S-phase but are inefficiently segregated to daughter cells. As a result, the abundance of ERCs increases exponentially in mother cells at a rate determined by cell division, until they reach more than 1000 copies. The mecha ...
Small molecules that regulate lifespan: evidence for xenohormesis
... chromosomal circular forms of rDNA known as ERCs, which can replicate during S-phase but are inefficiently segregated to daughter cells. As a result, the abundance of ERCs increases exponentially in mother cells at a rate determined by cell division, until they reach more than 1000 copies. The mecha ...
... chromosomal circular forms of rDNA known as ERCs, which can replicate during S-phase but are inefficiently segregated to daughter cells. As a result, the abundance of ERCs increases exponentially in mother cells at a rate determined by cell division, until they reach more than 1000 copies. The mecha ...
BIO205 - National Open University of Nigeria
... Introductory Developmental Cell Biology is a three-unit course, available to students offering biology related courses. The idea about cell structure expatiates that the membranes are fluid, with components that move, change, and perform vital physiological roles as they allow cells to communicate w ...
... Introductory Developmental Cell Biology is a three-unit course, available to students offering biology related courses. The idea about cell structure expatiates that the membranes are fluid, with components that move, change, and perform vital physiological roles as they allow cells to communicate w ...
Suppressor analysis of the protein kinase Elm1p, an enzyme
... bud-site selection appear to be independent of one another, since specific mutations exist that interfere with one but not the other pathway. It is postulated that in axial budding, a labile marker is present at the previous site of budding, and thus nutrioit conditions that delay bud formation allo ...
... bud-site selection appear to be independent of one another, since specific mutations exist that interfere with one but not the other pathway. It is postulated that in axial budding, a labile marker is present at the previous site of budding, and thus nutrioit conditions that delay bud formation allo ...
Medicinal Chemistry of Antifungal Agents
... Fungal infections fall into two distinct categories: ...
... Fungal infections fall into two distinct categories: ...
Conditional lethality of a yeast strain expressing human RHOA in place of RHO1 .
... ADP ribosylated to serve as a negative control; indeed, in such a strain (YOC724), the Rholp band was not observed (Fig. 4, lane 1). In cells expressing both the yeast RHOIN46s and human RHOA (YOC726), we found that levels of the RHOA protein do not decrease noticeably after 6 h of incubation at 37C ...
... ADP ribosylated to serve as a negative control; indeed, in such a strain (YOC724), the Rholp band was not observed (Fig. 4, lane 1). In cells expressing both the yeast RHOIN46s and human RHOA (YOC726), we found that levels of the RHOA protein do not decrease noticeably after 6 h of incubation at 37C ...
Endoplasmic Reticulum-Localized Amyloid β
... import of proteins into the ER. Therefore, the export of proteins can be inhibited by blocking the channel with ribosome nascent chain complexes (RNCs), which are short polypeptides still bound to the ribosome (13). For this purpose, the Sec61p complexes of Ab42-loaded microsomes were saturated with ...
... import of proteins into the ER. Therefore, the export of proteins can be inhibited by blocking the channel with ribosome nascent chain complexes (RNCs), which are short polypeptides still bound to the ribosome (13). For this purpose, the Sec61p complexes of Ab42-loaded microsomes were saturated with ...
Zygotic Genome Activation During the Maternal-to
... animals. Upon transcriptional inhibition, zebrafish and Xenopus embryos will continue to divide but fail to undergo gastrulation (Kane et al. 1996, Newport & Kirschner 1982a). Similarly, the C. elegans embryo experiences extreme morphological defects without zygotic transcription, despite reaching 10 ...
... animals. Upon transcriptional inhibition, zebrafish and Xenopus embryos will continue to divide but fail to undergo gastrulation (Kane et al. 1996, Newport & Kirschner 1982a). Similarly, the C. elegans embryo experiences extreme morphological defects without zygotic transcription, despite reaching 10 ...
Protein quality control and elimination of protein waste: The role of
... folding is finally exerted by the Hsp70 system [68,69]. The cytosol also possesses small heat shock proteins (sHsps) belonging to the class of ATP-independent chaperones. In yeast, the two most prominent members are Hsp42 and Hsp26. Hsp42 functions both in stressed and unstressed cells and prevents p ...
... folding is finally exerted by the Hsp70 system [68,69]. The cytosol also possesses small heat shock proteins (sHsps) belonging to the class of ATP-independent chaperones. In yeast, the two most prominent members are Hsp42 and Hsp26. Hsp42 functions both in stressed and unstressed cells and prevents p ...
Choosing the Best Kinase Assay to Meet Your Research Needs
... approximately one-third of the proteins in a typical mammalian cell are phosphorylated (1). Protein kinases function primarily as components of signaling pathways in which signals perceived at the surface of a cell are transduced through the cell by a series phosphorylation events that ultimately br ...
... approximately one-third of the proteins in a typical mammalian cell are phosphorylated (1). Protein kinases function primarily as components of signaling pathways in which signals perceived at the surface of a cell are transduced through the cell by a series phosphorylation events that ultimately br ...
ZAMZAMI N, KROEMER G, 2001. The mitochondrion in apoptosis
... • Mitochondrial membrane permeabilization (MMP), which can affect both the inner and outer mitochondrial membranes, precedes the signs of necrotic or apoptotic cell death, including the apoptosis-specific activation of caspases. • MMP is a more accurate predictive parameter for cell death than caspa ...
... • Mitochondrial membrane permeabilization (MMP), which can affect both the inner and outer mitochondrial membranes, precedes the signs of necrotic or apoptotic cell death, including the apoptosis-specific activation of caspases. • MMP is a more accurate predictive parameter for cell death than caspa ...
Biochemical switches in the cell cycle
A series of biochemical switches control transitions between and within the various phases of the cell cycle. The cell cycle is a series of complex, ordered, sequential events that control how a single cell divides into two cells, and involves several different phases. The phases include the G1 and G2 phases, DNA replication or S phase, and the actual process of cell division, mitosis or M phase. During the M phase, the chromosomes separate and cytokinesis occurs.The switches maintain the orderly progression of the cell cycle and act as checkpoints to ensure that each phase has been properly completed before progression to the next phase. For example, Cdk, or cyclin dependent kinase, is a major control switch for the cell cycle and it allows the cell to move from G1 to S or G2 to M by adding phosphate to protein substrates. Such multi-component (involving multiple inter-linked proteins) switches have been shown to generate decisive, robust (and potentially irreversible) transitions and trigger stable oscillations. As a result, they are a subject of active research that tries to understand how such complex properties are wired into biological control systems.