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... features as well as a mechanism of injury suggests that these diseases with numerous synonyms may all be part of the same disease spectrum (2,17,18). Marrioti et al. suggested that POLD and HDLS be considered a single entity of adult onset leukodystrophy with neuroaxonal spheroids and pigmented glia ...
... features as well as a mechanism of injury suggests that these diseases with numerous synonyms may all be part of the same disease spectrum (2,17,18). Marrioti et al. suggested that POLD and HDLS be considered a single entity of adult onset leukodystrophy with neuroaxonal spheroids and pigmented glia ...
Central Nervous System
... A stimulus leads to the movement of ions, which initiates an action potential in the neuron A graded potential (localized depolarization) exists where the inside of the membrane is more positive and the outside is less positive If the stimulus is strong enough and sodium influx great enough, l ...
... A stimulus leads to the movement of ions, which initiates an action potential in the neuron A graded potential (localized depolarization) exists where the inside of the membrane is more positive and the outside is less positive If the stimulus is strong enough and sodium influx great enough, l ...
Reprint () - Centre de recherche CERVO
... fast-conducting cells, which invaded at a mean latency of 1.23 ⫾ 0.62 msec, and slowconducting cells, which invaded at a mean latency of 2.97 ⫾ 0.62 msec. 3) The rostral part of SP5c contains cells with thalamic projections similar to that of type II SP5i neurons, whereas the caudal part did not lab ...
... fast-conducting cells, which invaded at a mean latency of 1.23 ⫾ 0.62 msec, and slowconducting cells, which invaded at a mean latency of 2.97 ⫾ 0.62 msec. 3) The rostral part of SP5c contains cells with thalamic projections similar to that of type II SP5i neurons, whereas the caudal part did not lab ...
Coordinate Roles for LIM Homeobox Genes in Directing the
... designed to remove Lim1 coding sequences and thus to inactivate Lim1 function (Figure 1B). Lim1tlz/⫹ mice were viable and fertile whereas Lim1tlz/tlz mice (Figure 1C) died on or before embryonic (E) day 10, exhibiting anterior patterning defects similar to those described previously in embryos lacki ...
... designed to remove Lim1 coding sequences and thus to inactivate Lim1 function (Figure 1B). Lim1tlz/⫹ mice were viable and fertile whereas Lim1tlz/tlz mice (Figure 1C) died on or before embryonic (E) day 10, exhibiting anterior patterning defects similar to those described previously in embryos lacki ...
the spinal cord and the influence of its damage on
... In spinal cord injury, the destruction of nerve fibres that carry motor signals from the brain to the torso and limbs leads to muscle paralysis. Destruction of sensory nerve fibres can lead to loss of sensations such as touch, pressure and temperature. Largely unknown is that the spinal cord control ...
... In spinal cord injury, the destruction of nerve fibres that carry motor signals from the brain to the torso and limbs leads to muscle paralysis. Destruction of sensory nerve fibres can lead to loss of sensations such as touch, pressure and temperature. Largely unknown is that the spinal cord control ...
Changes in Prefrontal Neuronal Activity after
... The prefrontal cortex is considered essential for learning to perform cognitive tasks though little is known about how the representation of stimulus properties is altered by learning. To address this issue, we recorded neuronal activity in monkeys before and after training on a task that required v ...
... The prefrontal cortex is considered essential for learning to perform cognitive tasks though little is known about how the representation of stimulus properties is altered by learning. To address this issue, we recorded neuronal activity in monkeys before and after training on a task that required v ...
Neuropeptide-Mediated Facilitation and Inhibition of Sensory Inputs
... tail fin preparation (see Fig. 2A, inset). Application of substance P (100 nM) to the tail fin pool increased the intensity of the tail fin stimulation-evoked ventral root activity in the rostral pool (Fig. 2, A and B; n 5 8/10; P , 0.05). In the remaining two preparations, substance P had no effect ...
... tail fin preparation (see Fig. 2A, inset). Application of substance P (100 nM) to the tail fin pool increased the intensity of the tail fin stimulation-evoked ventral root activity in the rostral pool (Fig. 2, A and B; n 5 8/10; P , 0.05). In the remaining two preparations, substance P had no effect ...
Somatic regions Limbic These functionally distinct
... Courtesy of MIT Press. Used with permission. Schneider, G. E. Brain structure and its Origins: In the Development and in Evolution of Behavior and the Mind. MIT Press, 2014. ISBN: 9780262026734. ...
... Courtesy of MIT Press. Used with permission. Schneider, G. E. Brain structure and its Origins: In the Development and in Evolution of Behavior and the Mind. MIT Press, 2014. ISBN: 9780262026734. ...
Activity 1 - Web Adventures
... One student found himself/herself out on the court in the final seconds of the game. His/her team was behind by one point. They needed a basket to win. Suddenly the student found that the basketball had somehow ended up in his/her hands. The whole world went into slow motion. Despite what some might ...
... One student found himself/herself out on the court in the final seconds of the game. His/her team was behind by one point. They needed a basket to win. Suddenly the student found that the basketball had somehow ended up in his/her hands. The whole world went into slow motion. Despite what some might ...
![Ear [screen displays a model of the ear] [voice of Dr. Barbara](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/011552985_1-3bf3ff483c5a0491f00193de7607703b-300x300.png)
Ear [screen displays a model of the ear] [voice of Dr. Barbara
... [screen displays a model of the ear] [voice of Dr. Barbara Davis, Instructor, Biology, speaking] Welcome to the sensory lab. In this video we’ll be looking at the ear. The outside portion of the ear is called the auricle. The opening into the external auditory canal is called the external auditory m ...
... [screen displays a model of the ear] [voice of Dr. Barbara Davis, Instructor, Biology, speaking] Welcome to the sensory lab. In this video we’ll be looking at the ear. The outside portion of the ear is called the auricle. The opening into the external auditory canal is called the external auditory m ...
View PDF - CiteSeerX
... and the findings support the embryogenesis that failure of decussation of neurons and axons from cere- ...
... and the findings support the embryogenesis that failure of decussation of neurons and axons from cere- ...
Changes in Resting State Effective Connectivity in the Motor
... brain. Method: This article presents pilot data examining neural connectivity in patients with poststroke hemiparesis before and after 3 weeks of upper extremity rehabilitation in the Accelerated Skill Acquisition Program (ASAP). Resting-state fMRI data acquired pre and post therapy were analyzed us ...
... brain. Method: This article presents pilot data examining neural connectivity in patients with poststroke hemiparesis before and after 3 weeks of upper extremity rehabilitation in the Accelerated Skill Acquisition Program (ASAP). Resting-state fMRI data acquired pre and post therapy were analyzed us ...
Vestibular Function and Anatomy April 2004
... are one pair. The superior canal on one side is paired with the posterior canal on the opposite side. The otolithic organs are the utricle and saccule which are sensitive to linear acceleration. The saccule lies in the spherical recess on the medial wall of the vestibule. It is oriented in the verti ...
... are one pair. The superior canal on one side is paired with the posterior canal on the opposite side. The otolithic organs are the utricle and saccule which are sensitive to linear acceleration. The saccule lies in the spherical recess on the medial wall of the vestibule. It is oriented in the verti ...
Power point - Somatic and Special Senses
... For viewing close objects, the lens increases its curvature (accommodation), and the pupil constricts to prevent light rays from entering the eye through the periphery of the lens. ...
... For viewing close objects, the lens increases its curvature (accommodation), and the pupil constricts to prevent light rays from entering the eye through the periphery of the lens. ...
Visual field defect
... Papillitis >> inflammation of the anterior optic nerve causes disc swelling, and sometimes hemorrhages, cells in the vitreous, and deep retinal exudates. After the neuritis resolves, the disc is often pale (optic pallor), most commonly in the temporal aspect. Atrophy is seen over time, especially af ...
... Papillitis >> inflammation of the anterior optic nerve causes disc swelling, and sometimes hemorrhages, cells in the vitreous, and deep retinal exudates. After the neuritis resolves, the disc is often pale (optic pallor), most commonly in the temporal aspect. Atrophy is seen over time, especially af ...
Horizontal Gaze Palsy
... the midline, but the right eye abducted incompletely Vergence movements induced the left eye to cross the midline Vertical eye movements were normal Gaze evoked nystagmus was present on looking to the left, with slow phases toward the midline The patient developed a fascicular sixth nerve palsy ...
... the midline, but the right eye abducted incompletely Vergence movements induced the left eye to cross the midline Vertical eye movements were normal Gaze evoked nystagmus was present on looking to the left, with slow phases toward the midline The patient developed a fascicular sixth nerve palsy ...
PSNS 2nd Lecture 1433 - Home - KSU Faculty Member websites
... antiporter that removes protons (carrier B). This transporter can be blocked by vesamicol (cholinergic physiological antagonist) Release of ACh is dependent on extracellular Ca2+ and occurs when an action potential reaches the terminal and triggers sufficient influx of Ca2+ ions The increased Ca ...
... antiporter that removes protons (carrier B). This transporter can be blocked by vesamicol (cholinergic physiological antagonist) Release of ACh is dependent on extracellular Ca2+ and occurs when an action potential reaches the terminal and triggers sufficient influx of Ca2+ ions The increased Ca ...
PPRF lesions at the level of abducens
... paralysis of saccades and pursuit, but the eyes can be driven to the side of the ipsilateral gaze palsy with vestibular stimulation by the oculocephalic reflex and/or cold calorics ...
... paralysis of saccades and pursuit, but the eyes can be driven to the side of the ipsilateral gaze palsy with vestibular stimulation by the oculocephalic reflex and/or cold calorics ...
Mirror neurons or emulator neurons?
... further goal, than when the action was presented alone, and the authors also found evidence for differential activation for the two intentions within the same region. ...
... further goal, than when the action was presented alone, and the authors also found evidence for differential activation for the two intentions within the same region. ...
Fig. 2 - eNeuro
... experiment to attain stable whole-cell recordings and effective stopping of fictive swimming. We found taps at different speeds/frequencies could stop swimming, but there were two types of neuronal responses. When fictive swimming was stopped by a slow tap driven by half a cycle of sinewave current ...
... experiment to attain stable whole-cell recordings and effective stopping of fictive swimming. We found taps at different speeds/frequencies could stop swimming, but there were two types of neuronal responses. When fictive swimming was stopped by a slow tap driven by half a cycle of sinewave current ...
Key Points: Neuroscience Exam #2 Lecture 16 and 17: Development of
... response to the stretch in the intrafusal fibers, there must be a co-activating contraction from gamma motor neurons of the intrafusal fibers in order to continue to monitor stretch in that muscle If there was not a concurrent contraction, then the intrafusal fibers could no longer monitor stretch ...
... response to the stretch in the intrafusal fibers, there must be a co-activating contraction from gamma motor neurons of the intrafusal fibers in order to continue to monitor stretch in that muscle If there was not a concurrent contraction, then the intrafusal fibers could no longer monitor stretch ...
E3R Game 1 Order That Student Copy
... A. Receptors are ligand gated sodium ion channels which allow Na+ to enter the postsynaptic neuron (or muscle) and triggers an action potential in the postsynaptic neuron (or muscle contraction) B. Action potential gets to the end of the presynaptic axon C. The Ca++ triggers synaptic vesicles locate ...
... A. Receptors are ligand gated sodium ion channels which allow Na+ to enter the postsynaptic neuron (or muscle) and triggers an action potential in the postsynaptic neuron (or muscle contraction) B. Action potential gets to the end of the presynaptic axon C. The Ca++ triggers synaptic vesicles locate ...
Dendritic Signal Integration
... must be high enough for each EPSP to occur before the preceding EPSP decays. A complication of spatial or temporal summation in these neurons is that the EPSP generated by one synapse reduces the current flow at other synapses; thus, EPSP summation is slightly sublinear. This sublinear summation is ...
... must be high enough for each EPSP to occur before the preceding EPSP decays. A complication of spatial or temporal summation in these neurons is that the EPSP generated by one synapse reduces the current flow at other synapses; thus, EPSP summation is slightly sublinear. This sublinear summation is ...
Pacemaker Potentials for the Periodic Burst Discharge in the Heart
... heart. Shibuya (1961) and Watanabe and Takeda (1963) state, based on the electrophysiological determination of the direction of impulse propagation, that the pacemaker is in the rostral region. Brown (1964) states, based on the both types of experiments, that the bursts are initiated as frequently i ...
... heart. Shibuya (1961) and Watanabe and Takeda (1963) state, based on the electrophysiological determination of the direction of impulse propagation, that the pacemaker is in the rostral region. Brown (1964) states, based on the both types of experiments, that the bursts are initiated as frequently i ...
Rheobase
Rheobase is a measure of membrane excitability. In neuroscience, rheobase is the minimal current amplitude of infinite duration (in a practical sense, about 300 milliseconds) that results in the depolarization threshold of the cell membranes being reached, such as an action potential or the contraction of a muscle. In Greek, the root ""rhe"" translates to current or flow, and ""basi"" means bottom or foundation: thus the rheobase is the minimum current that will produce an action potential or muscle contraction.Rheobase can be best understood in the context of the strength-duration relationship (Fig. 1). The ease with which a membrane can be stimulated depends on two variables: the strength of the stimulus, and the duration for which the stimulus is applied. These variables are inversely related: as the strength of the applied current increases, the time required to stimulate the membrane decreases (and vice versa) to maintain a constant effect. Mathematically, rheobase is equivalent to half the current that needs to be applied for the duration of chronaxie, which is a strength-duration time constant that corresponds to the duration of time that elicits a response when the nerve is stimulated at twice rheobasic strength.The strength-duration curve was first discovered by G. Weiss in 1901, but it was not until 1909 that Louis Lapicque coined the term ""rheobase"". Many studies are being conducted in relation to rheobase values and the dynamic changes throughout maturation and between different nerve fibers. In the past strength-duration curves and rheobase determinations were used to assess nerve injury; today, they play a role in clinical identification of many neurological pathologies, including as Diabetic neuropathy, CIDP, Machado-Joseph Disease, and ALS.