SMicroChapter5
... 3. Energy is stored in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) 4. Cells catabolize nutrients to form precursor metabolites 5. Precursor metabolites, energy from ATP, and enzymes used in anabolic ...
... 3. Energy is stored in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) 4. Cells catabolize nutrients to form precursor metabolites 5. Precursor metabolites, energy from ATP, and enzymes used in anabolic ...
Energy Production
... Net gain of 2 ATP molecules, 4 from energy conserving phase (by substrate level phosphorylation) minus 2 from preparatory phase 2 NADH molecules produced Pyruvic acid can now undergo either fermentation or respiration ...
... Net gain of 2 ATP molecules, 4 from energy conserving phase (by substrate level phosphorylation) minus 2 from preparatory phase 2 NADH molecules produced Pyruvic acid can now undergo either fermentation or respiration ...
Chapter 7: Cellular Respiration and Fermentation
... • How does the cell prevent this problem? – Does not release energy all at once – Multi- step process catalyzed by specific enzymes ...
... • How does the cell prevent this problem? – Does not release energy all at once – Multi- step process catalyzed by specific enzymes ...
9.1 Catabolic pathways yield energy by oxidizing organic fuels
... acid cycle connect to many other metabolic pathways The catabolism of various molecules from food: “Love the one your with” Any for these 3 macromolecules can be used a fuel source to create ATP. Proteins and Fats just need to be altered first. Proteins- to AA then AA are further broken down in a pr ...
... acid cycle connect to many other metabolic pathways The catabolism of various molecules from food: “Love the one your with” Any for these 3 macromolecules can be used a fuel source to create ATP. Proteins and Fats just need to be altered first. Proteins- to AA then AA are further broken down in a pr ...
ATP
... – Acetyl group is oxidized to produce CO2 – Electrons and hydrogen atoms harvested are used to produce ATP during oxidative phosphorylation ...
... – Acetyl group is oxidized to produce CO2 – Electrons and hydrogen atoms harvested are used to produce ATP during oxidative phosphorylation ...
Living organisms need a constant input of energy
... Living organisms need a constant input of energy. Plants, through photosynthesis, capture light energy from the sun and convert it to the chemical energy of sugars. Animals, by eating other animals, depend on this energy source. Metabolism, the chemical reactions of living things, involves degradati ...
... Living organisms need a constant input of energy. Plants, through photosynthesis, capture light energy from the sun and convert it to the chemical energy of sugars. Animals, by eating other animals, depend on this energy source. Metabolism, the chemical reactions of living things, involves degradati ...
Chapter 7 Harvesting Energy Slides
... 4 Steps of Aerobic respiration 1. Glycolysis 2. Oxidation of pyruvate 3. Kreb’s cycle (aka Citric Acid Cycle) 4. Electron transport chain ...
... 4 Steps of Aerobic respiration 1. Glycolysis 2. Oxidation of pyruvate 3. Kreb’s cycle (aka Citric Acid Cycle) 4. Electron transport chain ...
glucose, faKy acids, amino acids
... animals in the absence of oxygen ( anaerobic) • LacDc acid and CO2 are produced • Does not produce ATP, but it does allow glycolysis to occur again and again to produce ATP for a limited Dme ...
... animals in the absence of oxygen ( anaerobic) • LacDc acid and CO2 are produced • Does not produce ATP, but it does allow glycolysis to occur again and again to produce ATP for a limited Dme ...
Ch_9 Control of Respiration
... these molecules become feedback regulators they control enzymes at strategic points in ...
... these molecules become feedback regulators they control enzymes at strategic points in ...
Chapter 9. Cellular Respiration Other Metabolites
... these molecules become feedback regulators they control enzymes at strategic points in ...
... these molecules become feedback regulators they control enzymes at strategic points in ...
RespirationWrapUp
... these molecules become feedback regulators they control enzymes at strategic points in ...
... these molecules become feedback regulators they control enzymes at strategic points in ...
Bauman Chapter 1 Answers to Critical Thinking Questions
... each molecule of glucose coming through Embden-Meyerhof glycolysis. How many of each of these molecules would be produced if the Entner-Doudoroff pathway were used instead of glycolysis? For each molecule of glucose metabolized by the Entner-Doudoroff pathway followed by metabolism of pyruvic acid v ...
... each molecule of glucose coming through Embden-Meyerhof glycolysis. How many of each of these molecules would be produced if the Entner-Doudoroff pathway were used instead of glycolysis? For each molecule of glucose metabolized by the Entner-Doudoroff pathway followed by metabolism of pyruvic acid v ...
Ch 9 Cellular Respiration
... Glycolysis, the Krebs cycle and the electron transport chain make up a process called the Cellular Respiration Cellular Respiration is the process that releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of Oxygen ...
... Glycolysis, the Krebs cycle and the electron transport chain make up a process called the Cellular Respiration Cellular Respiration is the process that releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of Oxygen ...
Name KEY Block Date Ch 8 – Photosynthesis + Ch 9 – Cellular
... a. Glycolysis - Glucose is broken down into 2 molecules of pyruvic acid b. Krebs Cycle -Pyruvic acid is added to a cycle of chemical reactions where it is broken own into carbon dioxide in order to from the energy carriers FADH2, more NADH and ATP c. Electron transport (chain) - Energy carriers NADH ...
... a. Glycolysis - Glucose is broken down into 2 molecules of pyruvic acid b. Krebs Cycle -Pyruvic acid is added to a cycle of chemical reactions where it is broken own into carbon dioxide in order to from the energy carriers FADH2, more NADH and ATP c. Electron transport (chain) - Energy carriers NADH ...
Cellular Respiration
... ATP stored in muscle cells, and ATP produced by aerobic & anaerobic resp. B. The ATP stored in muscle cells only lasts for the first few seconds of activity. ...
... ATP stored in muscle cells, and ATP produced by aerobic & anaerobic resp. B. The ATP stored in muscle cells only lasts for the first few seconds of activity. ...
fermentation
... Below: Lactic acid fermentation in simplified steps: a. Pyruvate is oxidized by NADH; b. Pyruvate becomes lactic acid. ...
... Below: Lactic acid fermentation in simplified steps: a. Pyruvate is oxidized by NADH; b. Pyruvate becomes lactic acid. ...
C9 Cellular Respiration (Video)
... 2. Krebs cycle (citric acid cycle) – in mitochondrion; aerobic; 2 ATP 3. ETC – in mitochondria; aerobic; 34 ATP Oxidative phosphorylation – producing ATP with energy from redox reactions of an ETC; accounts for almost 90% of ATP via respiration. Substrate-level phosphorylation – producing ATP by dir ...
... 2. Krebs cycle (citric acid cycle) – in mitochondrion; aerobic; 2 ATP 3. ETC – in mitochondria; aerobic; 34 ATP Oxidative phosphorylation – producing ATP with energy from redox reactions of an ETC; accounts for almost 90% of ATP via respiration. Substrate-level phosphorylation – producing ATP by dir ...
NAME AVERILL PARK HS THE LIVING ENVIRONMENT Worksheet
... 1. The function of cell respiration is to provide cells with __________________ 2. The most common food substance from which cells obtain energy is the monosaccharide known as ________________, which has the molecular formula _________________ 3. The difference between aerobic & anaerobic respiratio ...
... 1. The function of cell respiration is to provide cells with __________________ 2. The most common food substance from which cells obtain energy is the monosaccharide known as ________________, which has the molecular formula _________________ 3. The difference between aerobic & anaerobic respiratio ...
PFK-2
... intermediates formed by the pathway (e.g., for fatty acid synthesis). • Control occurs at sites of irreversible reactions • Phosphofructokinase- major control point; first enzyme “unique” to glycolysis • Hexokinase or glucokinase • Pyruvate kinase •Phosphofructokinase responds to changes in: • Energ ...
... intermediates formed by the pathway (e.g., for fatty acid synthesis). • Control occurs at sites of irreversible reactions • Phosphofructokinase- major control point; first enzyme “unique” to glycolysis • Hexokinase or glucokinase • Pyruvate kinase •Phosphofructokinase responds to changes in: • Energ ...
Name - Phillips Scientific Methods
... What atoms in the glucose molecules are replaced by phosphorylation? __________ (donated by ATP) 2. What happens to the phosphorylated glucose? ____________________________________________________________________ The name of the compounds formed is _________________ _____ ______________ 3. Two molec ...
... What atoms in the glucose molecules are replaced by phosphorylation? __________ (donated by ATP) 2. What happens to the phosphorylated glucose? ____________________________________________________________________ The name of the compounds formed is _________________ _____ ______________ 3. Two molec ...
BIOCHEMISTRY (CHEM 360)
... Assuming that 13C labeled glucose at C-6 is fed to various living organisms, identify where (on which carbon) the labeled carbon would end up. Show your work (no points for blind-guessing). ...
... Assuming that 13C labeled glucose at C-6 is fed to various living organisms, identify where (on which carbon) the labeled carbon would end up. Show your work (no points for blind-guessing). ...
Gluconeogenesis
... and ketoacidosis after mild fasting. Note that these two phosphatase reactions do not reverse the reciprocal kinase reactions, because ATP is not regenerated. The stoichiometry for gluconeogenesis from pyruvate is: 2 pyruvate + 4 ATP + 2 GTP + 2 NADH + 6 H2 O Õ glucose + 4 ADP + 2 GDP + 6 Pi + 2 NAD ...
... and ketoacidosis after mild fasting. Note that these two phosphatase reactions do not reverse the reciprocal kinase reactions, because ATP is not regenerated. The stoichiometry for gluconeogenesis from pyruvate is: 2 pyruvate + 4 ATP + 2 GTP + 2 NADH + 6 H2 O Õ glucose + 4 ADP + 2 GDP + 6 Pi + 2 NAD ...
Glyconeogenesis
... • Gluconeogenesis requires both mitochondrial & cytosolic enzymes (exception: if gluconeogenesis starts by Glycerol, it will need only the cytosol) • Gluconeogenesis is an energy consuming. i.e. anabolic process. ...
... • Gluconeogenesis requires both mitochondrial & cytosolic enzymes (exception: if gluconeogenesis starts by Glycerol, it will need only the cytosol) • Gluconeogenesis is an energy consuming. i.e. anabolic process. ...
Glycolysis
Glycolysis (from glycose, an older term for glucose + -lysis degradation) is the metabolic pathway that converts glucose C6H12O6, into pyruvate, CH3COCOO− + H+. The free energy released in this process is used to form the high-energy compounds ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and NADH (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide).Glycolysis is a determined sequence of ten enzyme-catalyzed reactions. The intermediates provide entry points to glycolysis. For example, most monosaccharides, such as fructose and galactose, can be converted to one of these intermediates. The intermediates may also be directly useful. For example, the intermediate dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) is a source of the glycerol that combines with fatty acids to form fat.Glycolysis is an oxygen independent metabolic pathway, meaning that it does not use molecular oxygen (i.e. atmospheric oxygen) for any of its reactions. However the products of glycolysis (pyruvate and NADH + H+) are sometimes disposed of using atmospheric oxygen. When molecular oxygen is used in the disposal of the products of glycolysis the process is usually referred to as aerobic, whereas if the disposal uses no oxygen the process is said to be anaerobic. Thus, glycolysis occurs, with variations, in nearly all organisms, both aerobic and anaerobic. The wide occurrence of glycolysis indicates that it is one of the most ancient metabolic pathways. Indeed, the reactions that constitute glycolysis and its parallel pathway, the pentose phosphate pathway, occur metal-catalyzed under the oxygen-free conditions of the Archean oceans, also in the absence of enzymes. Glycolysis could thus have originated from chemical constraints of the prebiotic world.Glycolysis occurs in most organisms in the cytosol of the cell. The most common type of glycolysis is the Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas (EMP pathway), which was discovered by Gustav Embden, Otto Meyerhof, and Jakub Karol Parnas. Glycolysis also refers to other pathways, such as the Entner–Doudoroff pathway and various heterofermentative and homofermentative pathways. However, the discussion here will be limited to the Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas pathway.The entire glycolysis pathway can be separated into two phases: The Preparatory Phase – in which ATP is consumed and is hence also known as the investment phase The Pay Off Phase – in which ATP is produced.↑ ↑ 2.0 2.1 ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑