Download Multiple Choice Questions - Elmwood Park Public Schools

Chapter 8 Quiz
Multiple Choice Questions
1. Some bacteria are strict aerobes and others are strict anaerobes. Some bacteria, however, are facultative
anaerobes and can live with or without oxygen. If given the choice of using oxygen or not, which should
a facultative anaerobe perform?
A) Use oxygen since aerobic metabolism provides more ATP per molecule of carbohydrate broken
down than anaerobic metabolism.
B) Not use oxygen since it is a facultative anaerobe, it doesn't tolerate oxygen well.
C) Use oxygen because aerobic metabolism is easier.
D) It doesn't matter; both processes will produce the same results.
E) None of these is correct.
2. Which of the following molecules can be broken down into acetyl and enter the citric acid cycle?
A) proteins
B) amino acids
C) fatty acids
D) pyruvate
E) all of the choices are correct
3. Which of these processes occurs in the cytosol?
A) the citric acid cycle
B) glycolysis
C) the electron transport system
D) the preparation of pyruvate
E) chemiosmosis
4. Complete oxidative breakdown of glucose results in ______ ATP molecules.
A) 2
B) 4
C) 32
D) 36
E) 39
5. Cellular respiration yields about ____ of the energy of glucose in ATP molecules.
A) 2%
B) 15%
C) 28%
D) 39%
E) 50%
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9. The first process in breaking down glucose is
A) the citric acid cycle.
B) glycolysis.
C) the electron transport system.
D) fermentation.
E) the preparatory reaction.
10. Which process produces both NADH and FADH2?
A) the citric acid cycle
B) glycolysis
C) the electron transport system
D) fermentation
E) the preparatory reaction
11. Which process produces alcohol or lactate?
A) the citric acid cycle
B) glycolysis
C) the electron transport system
D) fermentation
E) the preparatory reaction
12. Which process converts pyruvate to acetyl-CoA?
A) the citric acid cycle
B) glycolysis
C) the electron transport system
D) fermentation
E) the preparatory reaction
13. Some desert beetles can live out their life without ever drinking liquid water. They survive on
"metabolic water," which
A) was produced as water in the organisms they eat.
B) is absorbed from the air along with respiratory oxygen.
C) is a breakdown product of pyruvate inside the mitochondria, along with carbon dioxide.
D) is a breakdown product from glycolysis in the cytoplasm.
E) is an original storehouse of water that is never allowed to pass out the cell membrane.
14.
The carbon dioxide we exhale is produced in
A) glycolysis.
B) the electron transport system.
C) lactate fermentation.
D) the citric acid cycle.
E) the Calvin cycle
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15. The primary energy carrier between the citric acid cycle and the electron transport system is
A) NADH.
B) ADP.
C) FADH2.
D) H2O.
E) CO2.
16. Which process must occur before fermentation?
A) the citric acid cycle
B) glycolysis
C) the electron transport system
D) fermentation
E) the preparatory reaction
17. Why would an organism utilize fermentation if it was wasteful of the energy in food molecules and
posed the threat of killing itself with high levels of toxic alcohol?
A) The organism can survive short spells of anaerobic conditions and maintain growth and
reproduction.
B) If glucose levels are not high, there may be time to disperse the alcohol "waste."
C) Fermentation can provide a rapid burst of ATP since it does not have to go through the full
breakdown cycle.
D) All of the choices are advantages.
E) None of the choices is an advantage; anaerobes only survive where aerobes cannot.
18. The critical factor driving yeasts to use fermentation to metabolize sugar is
A) inability to carry on glycolysis.
B) lack of oxygen.
C) lack of any enzymes.
D) that yeast is intolerant to alcohol.
E) that yeasts can secure 38 ATP molecules from fermentation.
19.
Which of these pairs of processes are anaerobic?
A) fermentation and glycolysis
B) fermentation and the citric acid cycle
C) glycolysis and the citric acid cycle
D) the citric acid cycle and the electron transport system
E) glycolysis and the electron transport system
20. The energy stored in 36 ATP molecules produced by aerobic respiration is 39 percent of the energy
available in a six-carbon glucose and the other 61% of the glucose bond energy is lost. The respiration
of an 18-carbon fatty acid produces 216 ATP. We can expect that
A) the degradation of a fatty acid is totally unrelated to the citric acid cycle.
B) six times as much energy was stored in this molecule but also a similar proportion is lost.
C) because the molecules are so large, fats are an inefficient form of stored energy.
D) this respiration pathway must occur in some cell organelle besides the mitochondrion.
E) None of these statements is true.
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21. For fatty acids to be able to enter the pathways of cellular respiration, they must be
A) deaminated.
B) combined with glycerol.
C) combined with ATP.
D) broken into acetyl groups.
E) be converted into five-carbon sugars.
22. Which is NOT an end product of eukaryotic cellular aerobic respiration?
A) carbon dioxide.
B) water.
C) ATP.
D) oxygen
E) All of the choices are correct.
23. The correct sequence for aerobic metabolic breakdown of glucose is
A) glycolysis--preparatory reaction--cirtric acid cycle--electron transport system
B) preparatory reaction--glycolysis--electron transport--citric acid cycle
C) electron transport system--citric acid cycle--preparatory reaction--glycolysis
D) light reactions--electron replacement--ATP production--calvin cycle
E) glycolysis--citric acid cycle--electron transport system--preparatory reaction
24. Which is NOT true of the citric acid cycle?
A) Must occur twice for each glucose molecule metabolized.
B) Produces 2 ATP by substrate-level phosphorylation
C) Produces 4 carbon dioxide molecules per glucose molecule.
D) Occurs in the cristae of the mitochondria.
E) Produces 6 NADH per glucose.
Essay Questions
25. Both chloroplasts and mitochondria have unique architecture that allows for the production of ATP.
a. Compare the physical architecture of the chloroplast and the mitochondria and relate their features to
the ability to generate ATP.
b. The endosymbiosis theory proposes that chloroplasts and mitochondria originated as bacteria that
were engulfed by other bacteria and ultimately both bacteria became dependent on each other. What
evidence do the proponents of this theory point to regarding mitochondria and chloroplasts that
supports their theory?
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42. A student is unable to determine by research if there is an actual difference between yeast used to brew
alcoholic beverages and yeast used to bake bread. She suspects they are the same organism. Design an
experiment the student could follow to test her hypothesis. Include a formal hypothesis, an experimental
design and predicted results.
Answer:
Hypothesis: If the two yeasts are identical there should be no difference in their production of alcohol
under identical conditions.
Experiment: Design can vary. Independent variable is the two different yeasts. Dependent variable will
be the amount of alcohol produced (students needn't know how to measure alcohol produced, merely
understand that it must be measured and is the dependent variable). Need a statement as to constants
(keep glucose levels identical for each yeast, use same amount of yeast, same temperature, same amount
of time. deprive both of oxygen).
Predicted results: Accounting for human error, and if hypothesis is correct, there should be no
significant difference in amount of alcohol produced.
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