Protein and Lipid Catabolism
... • NADH oxidized back to NAD+ • Uses organic compound as terminal electron acceptor – Typically pyruvate or derivative • NO oxidative phosphorylation so ATP yield is low ...
... • NADH oxidized back to NAD+ • Uses organic compound as terminal electron acceptor – Typically pyruvate or derivative • NO oxidative phosphorylation so ATP yield is low ...
Document
... NADP+, not NAD +, is used as hydrogen acceptor 1st phase ; Oxidative Phase This phase produces pentose phosphates and NADPH - Glucose 6-phosphate undergoes dehydrogenation and decarboxylation to give a pentose, ribulose 5-phosphate, which is converted to its isomer, D-ribose 5-phosphate. - Overall e ...
... NADP+, not NAD +, is used as hydrogen acceptor 1st phase ; Oxidative Phase This phase produces pentose phosphates and NADPH - Glucose 6-phosphate undergoes dehydrogenation and decarboxylation to give a pentose, ribulose 5-phosphate, which is converted to its isomer, D-ribose 5-phosphate. - Overall e ...
Chem*3560 Lecture 15: Gluconeogenesis
... lactate or amino acids from blood as a source of substrate (Lehninger p.723-729). The pathway may start in the cytoplasm from lactate, or in the mitochondrion use amino acids by removing the amino group. The gluconeogenesis pathway broadly follows glycolysis sequence in reverse. Eight reactions out ...
... lactate or amino acids from blood as a source of substrate (Lehninger p.723-729). The pathway may start in the cytoplasm from lactate, or in the mitochondrion use amino acids by removing the amino group. The gluconeogenesis pathway broadly follows glycolysis sequence in reverse. Eight reactions out ...
Energy Production II - University of Massachusetts Amherst
... Not used much by most tissues except after a meal, reserved for the brain and "special" situations At rest: 250 mg glucose/min = 20 min of glucose in blood at any one time. ...
... Not used much by most tissues except after a meal, reserved for the brain and "special" situations At rest: 250 mg glucose/min = 20 min of glucose in blood at any one time. ...
Technical data sheet Sodium Pyruvate 100mM
... This product is a 100mM (11g/l) solution prepared in cell culture grade water. It is suitable for cell culture research at 1mM (0.11g/l). Pyruvate, the anion of pyruvic acid, is the end product of the glycolysis pathway, whereby glucose is converted to pyruvate with the production of ATP. In the mit ...
... This product is a 100mM (11g/l) solution prepared in cell culture grade water. It is suitable for cell culture research at 1mM (0.11g/l). Pyruvate, the anion of pyruvic acid, is the end product of the glycolysis pathway, whereby glucose is converted to pyruvate with the production of ATP. In the mit ...
Cellular Respiration
... adenine and the sugar ribose Main energy carrier in cells Formed during reactions that breakdown organic compounds to CO2 and water ...
... adenine and the sugar ribose Main energy carrier in cells Formed during reactions that breakdown organic compounds to CO2 and water ...
Respiration5
... O2 not soluble enough in H2O for animal needs blood alone could not provide enough O2 to animal cells hemocyanin in insects = copper (bluish) hemoglobin in vertebrates = iron (reddish) ...
... O2 not soluble enough in H2O for animal needs blood alone could not provide enough O2 to animal cells hemocyanin in insects = copper (bluish) hemoglobin in vertebrates = iron (reddish) ...
Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
... carbon and oxygen atoms end up in CO2 and H2O Hydrogens and electrons are stripped and loaded onto NAD+ and FAD to produce NADH and FADH2 NADH and FADH2 donate their electrons to the electron transport chain in the inner mitochondrial matrix. ...
... carbon and oxygen atoms end up in CO2 and H2O Hydrogens and electrons are stripped and loaded onto NAD+ and FAD to produce NADH and FADH2 NADH and FADH2 donate their electrons to the electron transport chain in the inner mitochondrial matrix. ...
Bioenergetics
... o Creatine supplementation is thought to help as it increases available creatine which can combine with Pi for greater levels of PC storage BENEFITS: quick ATP production DISADVANTAGES: finite capacity that last only a few seconds ...
... o Creatine supplementation is thought to help as it increases available creatine which can combine with Pi for greater levels of PC storage BENEFITS: quick ATP production DISADVANTAGES: finite capacity that last only a few seconds ...
Respiration, Chapter 8
... molecule: 2 ATP plus 2 NADH; no CO2 is released; occurs aerobically or anaerobically ...
... molecule: 2 ATP plus 2 NADH; no CO2 is released; occurs aerobically or anaerobically ...
1 - contentextra
... 10 The light-dependent reaction occurs in the thylakoids (grana) of chloroplasts. Pigments occur in photosystems and allow the absorption of light energy. Modern plants have two types of photosystem: photosystem I and photosystem II. 11 Photosystem II begins the process, allowing the formation of fr ...
... 10 The light-dependent reaction occurs in the thylakoids (grana) of chloroplasts. Pigments occur in photosystems and allow the absorption of light energy. Modern plants have two types of photosystem: photosystem I and photosystem II. 11 Photosystem II begins the process, allowing the formation of fr ...
Cellular Respiration
... Yields 62 kJ of energy, from a possible 2870 kJ/glucose (only a 2.2% energy conversion) Most energy is still trapped in pyruvate and the 2 NADH molecules, but some lost as heat Earliest cells in Earth’s history thought to have used this method of energy metabolism since oxygen is not required and en ...
... Yields 62 kJ of energy, from a possible 2870 kJ/glucose (only a 2.2% energy conversion) Most energy is still trapped in pyruvate and the 2 NADH molecules, but some lost as heat Earliest cells in Earth’s history thought to have used this method of energy metabolism since oxygen is not required and en ...
Bozeman Science Video: Cellular Respiration Name: Directions
... Directions: Follow along with Mr. Anderson as he explains the process of cellular respiration. Clip can be found at http://www.bozemanscience.com/cellular-respiration 1. Cellular respiration takes organic compounds and converts them to _________, _____________, and ______________ 2. Do plants do cel ...
... Directions: Follow along with Mr. Anderson as he explains the process of cellular respiration. Clip can be found at http://www.bozemanscience.com/cellular-respiration 1. Cellular respiration takes organic compounds and converts them to _________, _____________, and ______________ 2. Do plants do cel ...
Oxidative degradation of glucose File
... production of energy and is found in the cytosol of all cells. • Glycolysis can function under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. • Two molecules of pyruvate are produced. Pyruvate is then converted to Acetyl CoA. • 2. In the second pathway, Citric acid cycle, acetyl CoA is further oxidized to CO2 an ...
... production of energy and is found in the cytosol of all cells. • Glycolysis can function under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. • Two molecules of pyruvate are produced. Pyruvate is then converted to Acetyl CoA. • 2. In the second pathway, Citric acid cycle, acetyl CoA is further oxidized to CO2 an ...
Cellular respiration Review: 1. Why is ATP the “energy currency” of
... 5. True or False: The main idea of cellular respiration is that energy found in the electrons from the food we eat can be transferred through a series of “step- down” redox reactions to eventually be used to join ATP +Pi yielding ATP. 6. Complete the following table: Reaction Name Location Oxygen Go ...
... 5. True or False: The main idea of cellular respiration is that energy found in the electrons from the food we eat can be transferred through a series of “step- down” redox reactions to eventually be used to join ATP +Pi yielding ATP. 6. Complete the following table: Reaction Name Location Oxygen Go ...
LOYOLA COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), CHENNAI – 600 034
... 6. Primary metabolism synthesizes building block metabolite and energy in uniform amounts. 7. The fluxes in and out of the Black box model are given by a constant rate and a variable substrate and product rate. 8. Recombinant PCR cannot be used for making novel proteins. 9. Strongly weak nodes are i ...
... 6. Primary metabolism synthesizes building block metabolite and energy in uniform amounts. 7. The fluxes in and out of the Black box model are given by a constant rate and a variable substrate and product rate. 8. Recombinant PCR cannot be used for making novel proteins. 9. Strongly weak nodes are i ...
Cellular Respiration
... Anaerobes are organisms that use the anaerobic respiration pathway. Most anaerobes are bacteria. Anaerobes do NOT require oxygen. ...
... Anaerobes are organisms that use the anaerobic respiration pathway. Most anaerobes are bacteria. Anaerobes do NOT require oxygen. ...
Document
... Glucose (6C) is split into two pyruvate (3C) molecules. (aka pyruvic acid) does not require oxygen energy harvested/glucose: 2 ATP (via substrate-level phosphorylation) 2 NADH (actively transported into mitochondria of eukaryotic cells for use by the electron transport chain) 1st half: activates glu ...
... Glucose (6C) is split into two pyruvate (3C) molecules. (aka pyruvic acid) does not require oxygen energy harvested/glucose: 2 ATP (via substrate-level phosphorylation) 2 NADH (actively transported into mitochondria of eukaryotic cells for use by the electron transport chain) 1st half: activates glu ...
Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
... ATP and NADPH from the light reactions are used to fuel the break down of CO2 and the reassembling of the atoms to produce glucose. This reassembling is called “carbon fixation”. Carbon fixation occurs in a series of reactions called the Calvin Cycle. ...
... ATP and NADPH from the light reactions are used to fuel the break down of CO2 and the reassembling of the atoms to produce glucose. This reassembling is called “carbon fixation”. Carbon fixation occurs in a series of reactions called the Calvin Cycle. ...
Lecture 7 Citric acid cycle
... Stage 1: oxidation of fatty acids, glucose, and some amino acids yields acetylCoA. Stage 2: oxidation of acetyl groups in the citric acid cycle includes four steps in which electrons are abstracted. ...
... Stage 1: oxidation of fatty acids, glucose, and some amino acids yields acetylCoA. Stage 2: oxidation of acetyl groups in the citric acid cycle includes four steps in which electrons are abstracted. ...
Respiration - Mayfield City Schools
... • What does the Krebs cycle produce? NADH, FADH2, CO2, and some ATP • Which of these products are important to the electron transport chain? NADH, FADH2, these are the electron carriers that allow for the production of much more ATP ...
... • What does the Krebs cycle produce? NADH, FADH2, CO2, and some ATP • Which of these products are important to the electron transport chain? NADH, FADH2, these are the electron carriers that allow for the production of much more ATP ...
Glycolysis
Glycolysis (from glycose, an older term for glucose + -lysis degradation) is the metabolic pathway that converts glucose C6H12O6, into pyruvate, CH3COCOO− + H+. The free energy released in this process is used to form the high-energy compounds ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and NADH (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide).Glycolysis is a determined sequence of ten enzyme-catalyzed reactions. The intermediates provide entry points to glycolysis. For example, most monosaccharides, such as fructose and galactose, can be converted to one of these intermediates. The intermediates may also be directly useful. For example, the intermediate dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) is a source of the glycerol that combines with fatty acids to form fat.Glycolysis is an oxygen independent metabolic pathway, meaning that it does not use molecular oxygen (i.e. atmospheric oxygen) for any of its reactions. However the products of glycolysis (pyruvate and NADH + H+) are sometimes disposed of using atmospheric oxygen. When molecular oxygen is used in the disposal of the products of glycolysis the process is usually referred to as aerobic, whereas if the disposal uses no oxygen the process is said to be anaerobic. Thus, glycolysis occurs, with variations, in nearly all organisms, both aerobic and anaerobic. The wide occurrence of glycolysis indicates that it is one of the most ancient metabolic pathways. Indeed, the reactions that constitute glycolysis and its parallel pathway, the pentose phosphate pathway, occur metal-catalyzed under the oxygen-free conditions of the Archean oceans, also in the absence of enzymes. Glycolysis could thus have originated from chemical constraints of the prebiotic world.Glycolysis occurs in most organisms in the cytosol of the cell. The most common type of glycolysis is the Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas (EMP pathway), which was discovered by Gustav Embden, Otto Meyerhof, and Jakub Karol Parnas. Glycolysis also refers to other pathways, such as the Entner–Doudoroff pathway and various heterofermentative and homofermentative pathways. However, the discussion here will be limited to the Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas pathway.The entire glycolysis pathway can be separated into two phases: The Preparatory Phase – in which ATP is consumed and is hence also known as the investment phase The Pay Off Phase – in which ATP is produced.↑ ↑ 2.0 2.1 ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑