cellular respiration
... transferring a phosphate directly to ADP from another molecule 2. oxidative phosphorylation – use of ATP synthase and energy derived from a proton (H+) gradient to make ATP ...
... transferring a phosphate directly to ADP from another molecule 2. oxidative phosphorylation – use of ATP synthase and energy derived from a proton (H+) gradient to make ATP ...
Cellular Energetics
... This creates a proton-motive force and H+ moves back across the membrane thru ATP synthase and ATP is produced ...
... This creates a proton-motive force and H+ moves back across the membrane thru ATP synthase and ATP is produced ...
IB BIO II Cell Respiration Van Roekel Cell Respiration Review
... 4. Describe the process of chemiosmosis (discuss role of electron transport chain, concentration gradient, proton-motive force, ATP Synthase, etc) Chemiosmosis is the coupling of the electron transport chain with ATP synthase to provide a means for oxidative phosphorylation to occur. As the proteins ...
... 4. Describe the process of chemiosmosis (discuss role of electron transport chain, concentration gradient, proton-motive force, ATP Synthase, etc) Chemiosmosis is the coupling of the electron transport chain with ATP synthase to provide a means for oxidative phosphorylation to occur. As the proteins ...
Cell Respiration notes
... Means “splitting sugar” Occurs in the cytoplasm Is anaerobic (doesn’t require oxygen) Glucose (6-C) is split to two molecules of another organic compound, called pyruvate (3C). Makes 4 ATP, but uses 2 ATP, for a net gain of 2 ATP ...
... Means “splitting sugar” Occurs in the cytoplasm Is anaerobic (doesn’t require oxygen) Glucose (6-C) is split to two molecules of another organic compound, called pyruvate (3C). Makes 4 ATP, but uses 2 ATP, for a net gain of 2 ATP ...
Answers for extension worksheet – Option C
... pyruvate and enters the Krebs cycle. Fatty acids are converted to acetyl CoA in a series of steps that remove two-carbon units. The same series of reactions is repeated several times until the whole carbon chain is broken down, transferring a lot of energy for ATP synthesis. These reactions occur in ...
... pyruvate and enters the Krebs cycle. Fatty acids are converted to acetyl CoA in a series of steps that remove two-carbon units. The same series of reactions is repeated several times until the whole carbon chain is broken down, transferring a lot of energy for ATP synthesis. These reactions occur in ...
Catabolic and Anabolic Reactions
... The Electron Transport Chain • A series of carrier molecules that are, in turn, oxidized and reduced as electrons are passed down the chain ...
... The Electron Transport Chain • A series of carrier molecules that are, in turn, oxidized and reduced as electrons are passed down the chain ...
powerpoint 24 Aug
... ATP = adenosine triphosphate • spending money (paper money) • universal energy carrier ...
... ATP = adenosine triphosphate • spending money (paper money) • universal energy carrier ...
Aerobic Respiration - East Muskingum Schools
... produces 2 ATP. The Kreb's cycle produces 2 ATP, and the electron transport chain produces 34 ATP. That gives a total of ____ATP when ____________ is available to the cell during aerobic respiration. ...
... produces 2 ATP. The Kreb's cycle produces 2 ATP, and the electron transport chain produces 34 ATP. That gives a total of ____ATP when ____________ is available to the cell during aerobic respiration. ...
Fermentation
... chain does not function, and NADH has nowhere to donate its electrons. Because of this, the pool of available NAD+ is quickly converted to reduced NADH. Without NAD+ as a substrate, glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and ATP production will all come to a stop. The NAD+ produced by the oxidation of pyruvat ...
... chain does not function, and NADH has nowhere to donate its electrons. Because of this, the pool of available NAD+ is quickly converted to reduced NADH. Without NAD+ as a substrate, glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and ATP production will all come to a stop. The NAD+ produced by the oxidation of pyruvat ...
Microbial Metabolism Notes
... a) chemicals that inhibit enzyme function b) 2 types i) competitive ii) non-competitive c) may be reversible (allosteric control) i) ex. ATP d) may be irreversible i) ex. penicillin C. Energy 1. necessary for most cellular activities 2. Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) A) Energy currency for all living ...
... a) chemicals that inhibit enzyme function b) 2 types i) competitive ii) non-competitive c) may be reversible (allosteric control) i) ex. ATP d) may be irreversible i) ex. penicillin C. Energy 1. necessary for most cellular activities 2. Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) A) Energy currency for all living ...
CH9 Sec 3: Cellular Respiration Glycolysis • Before you can use
... Cells release energy most efficiently when oxygen is present because they make most of their ATP during aerobic respiration. ...
... Cells release energy most efficiently when oxygen is present because they make most of their ATP during aerobic respiration. ...
Energy Systems For Fat Loss
... This system is known for it’s lactic acid effect, presence and build up ...
... This system is known for it’s lactic acid effect, presence and build up ...
PHOTOSYNTHESIS HOW PLANTS MAKE THEIR
... • STEP 1. LIGHT AND CO2 ARE ABSORBED BY THE LEAVES • STEP 2. THE LIGHT SPLITS THE WATER. O2 IS RELEASED INTO THE ATMOSPHERE. • STEP 3. H+ IS ENERGIZED AND WANTS TO GET INTO THE THYLAKOID MEMBRANE. • ADP is in the thylakoid and becomes ATP • ATP is made in the Electron Transport Carrier ...
... • STEP 1. LIGHT AND CO2 ARE ABSORBED BY THE LEAVES • STEP 2. THE LIGHT SPLITS THE WATER. O2 IS RELEASED INTO THE ATMOSPHERE. • STEP 3. H+ IS ENERGIZED AND WANTS TO GET INTO THE THYLAKOID MEMBRANE. • ADP is in the thylakoid and becomes ATP • ATP is made in the Electron Transport Carrier ...
Energy Yields from Aerobic Respiration: Some Alternatives
... used as a substrate for the glycolysis pathway, the first stage of carbohydrate metabolism. In this pathway, glucose is converted into two pyruvate molecules. In the process, two ATP, net, are produced by substrate level phosphorylation and two NADH are formed by oxidation of glyceraldehyde. Under a ...
... used as a substrate for the glycolysis pathway, the first stage of carbohydrate metabolism. In this pathway, glucose is converted into two pyruvate molecules. In the process, two ATP, net, are produced by substrate level phosphorylation and two NADH are formed by oxidation of glyceraldehyde. Under a ...
Photosynthesis
... channel proteins (ATP synthase) in the cristae generate energy to drive the formation of ATP’s by allowing the protons to flow back into the matrix from the cristae. The process in which ATP is produced by the flow of protons across the channel is called oxidative phosphorylation. - NADH produces 3 ...
... channel proteins (ATP synthase) in the cristae generate energy to drive the formation of ATP’s by allowing the protons to flow back into the matrix from the cristae. The process in which ATP is produced by the flow of protons across the channel is called oxidative phosphorylation. - NADH produces 3 ...
SBI3C Cell Biology Unit Test
... ____ 1.Lysosomes are found only in plant cells. ____________________ ____ 2.The Golgi apparatus chemically changes fats and proteins and then packages them in vesicles. ____________________ ____ 3.In a chloroplast the thylakoids are stacked on top of one another forming structures called stroma. ___ ...
... ____ 1.Lysosomes are found only in plant cells. ____________________ ____ 2.The Golgi apparatus chemically changes fats and proteins and then packages them in vesicles. ____________________ ____ 3.In a chloroplast the thylakoids are stacked on top of one another forming structures called stroma. ___ ...
C483 Practice Final Exam
... 19. ______ Which of the statements concerning a near-equilibrium reaction is TRUE? A. The concentrations of reactants and products are nearly equal under cellular conditions B. The enzyme catalyzed reaction is most likely regulated. C. The standard free energy of the reaction must be near zero. D. ...
... 19. ______ Which of the statements concerning a near-equilibrium reaction is TRUE? A. The concentrations of reactants and products are nearly equal under cellular conditions B. The enzyme catalyzed reaction is most likely regulated. C. The standard free energy of the reaction must be near zero. D. ...
A. Cellular Physiology a. Describe the cell membrane and its
... Anaerobic metabolism relies on the Embden-Meyerhof pathway only, yielding 4 ATP per glucose molecule less one for the phosphorylation of fructose 6-PO4 and one more if glucose 6-PO4 is generated from circulating glucose. The generation of NAD+ required is via the conversion of pyruvic acid to lactic ...
... Anaerobic metabolism relies on the Embden-Meyerhof pathway only, yielding 4 ATP per glucose molecule less one for the phosphorylation of fructose 6-PO4 and one more if glucose 6-PO4 is generated from circulating glucose. The generation of NAD+ required is via the conversion of pyruvic acid to lactic ...
7 - Anaerobic Respiration
... • Occurs in the cell cytoplasm, • Glucose is split into 2 x pyruvate molecules • 2x ATP molecules are produced • In aerobic respiration the pyruvate is then converted into Acetyl Co A by pyruvate dehydrogenase, and this enters Krebs Cycle. ...
... • Occurs in the cell cytoplasm, • Glucose is split into 2 x pyruvate molecules • 2x ATP molecules are produced • In aerobic respiration the pyruvate is then converted into Acetyl Co A by pyruvate dehydrogenase, and this enters Krebs Cycle. ...
Glycolysis
Glycolysis (from glycose, an older term for glucose + -lysis degradation) is the metabolic pathway that converts glucose C6H12O6, into pyruvate, CH3COCOO− + H+. The free energy released in this process is used to form the high-energy compounds ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and NADH (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide).Glycolysis is a determined sequence of ten enzyme-catalyzed reactions. The intermediates provide entry points to glycolysis. For example, most monosaccharides, such as fructose and galactose, can be converted to one of these intermediates. The intermediates may also be directly useful. For example, the intermediate dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) is a source of the glycerol that combines with fatty acids to form fat.Glycolysis is an oxygen independent metabolic pathway, meaning that it does not use molecular oxygen (i.e. atmospheric oxygen) for any of its reactions. However the products of glycolysis (pyruvate and NADH + H+) are sometimes disposed of using atmospheric oxygen. When molecular oxygen is used in the disposal of the products of glycolysis the process is usually referred to as aerobic, whereas if the disposal uses no oxygen the process is said to be anaerobic. Thus, glycolysis occurs, with variations, in nearly all organisms, both aerobic and anaerobic. The wide occurrence of glycolysis indicates that it is one of the most ancient metabolic pathways. Indeed, the reactions that constitute glycolysis and its parallel pathway, the pentose phosphate pathway, occur metal-catalyzed under the oxygen-free conditions of the Archean oceans, also in the absence of enzymes. Glycolysis could thus have originated from chemical constraints of the prebiotic world.Glycolysis occurs in most organisms in the cytosol of the cell. The most common type of glycolysis is the Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas (EMP pathway), which was discovered by Gustav Embden, Otto Meyerhof, and Jakub Karol Parnas. Glycolysis also refers to other pathways, such as the Entner–Doudoroff pathway and various heterofermentative and homofermentative pathways. However, the discussion here will be limited to the Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas pathway.The entire glycolysis pathway can be separated into two phases: The Preparatory Phase – in which ATP is consumed and is hence also known as the investment phase The Pay Off Phase – in which ATP is produced.↑ ↑ 2.0 2.1 ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑