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Acetyl-CoA
... Which one is anti-lipolytic hormone? A glucagon; B epinephrine; C norepinephrine; D insulin ...
... Which one is anti-lipolytic hormone? A glucagon; B epinephrine; C norepinephrine; D insulin ...
SYNTHESIS OF FATTY ACID Acetyl
... Double bonds inserted such that the new double bond is three carbons closer to the CoA group, and never beyond the C9 position ...
... Double bonds inserted such that the new double bond is three carbons closer to the CoA group, and never beyond the C9 position ...
NME2.28: fat and carbohydrate metabolism in the
... o Glucagon – stimulates the kinases promoting glycogen degradation Non-hormonal control of glycogen synthesis and degradation is through: o Glucose-6P stimulates SP and glucose stimulates PP promoting glycogen synthesis o Adrenaline stimulates the kinases promoting glycogen degradation ...
... o Glucagon – stimulates the kinases promoting glycogen degradation Non-hormonal control of glycogen synthesis and degradation is through: o Glucose-6P stimulates SP and glucose stimulates PP promoting glycogen synthesis o Adrenaline stimulates the kinases promoting glycogen degradation ...
Fatty Acid oxidation
... So, 7 NADH, each provide 3 ATP when oxidized in the ETC 7X3=21 ATP 7 FADH2 each provide 2 ATP when oxidized in the ETC 7x 2=14 ATP 8 acetyl ~Co A , each provides 12 ATP when converted to CO2& H2O by the TCA cycle 8x12= 96 ATP So total energy yield of oxidation of palmitoyl ~Co A = 21 + 14 + 96 ...
... So, 7 NADH, each provide 3 ATP when oxidized in the ETC 7X3=21 ATP 7 FADH2 each provide 2 ATP when oxidized in the ETC 7x 2=14 ATP 8 acetyl ~Co A , each provides 12 ATP when converted to CO2& H2O by the TCA cycle 8x12= 96 ATP So total energy yield of oxidation of palmitoyl ~Co A = 21 + 14 + 96 ...
Lect 1 (Metabolic Pathways) Lect 2 (Enzymes) Lect 3 (Glucose
... releases ATP into the bloodstream or extract FAs around the body. Hepatocytes: liver cells which conduct majority of metabolic processes for liver. Hepatocyte enzymes turn nutrients into ATP and have high enzyme turn-over. Enzyme levels vary depending on feeding or fasting, as well as needs of other ...
... releases ATP into the bloodstream or extract FAs around the body. Hepatocytes: liver cells which conduct majority of metabolic processes for liver. Hepatocyte enzymes turn nutrients into ATP and have high enzyme turn-over. Enzyme levels vary depending on feeding or fasting, as well as needs of other ...
Hormones in intermediary metabolism
... • ↑ protein synthesis, but ↑↑ protein catabolism – result is proteocatabolic • Increased breakdown of muscle proteins • Stimulation of synthesis: Na+/K+ pump, respiratory chain enzymes, ... • The pro-growth importance: T3 and T4 support metabolism, which is necessary for protein synthesis and thus f ...
... • ↑ protein synthesis, but ↑↑ protein catabolism – result is proteocatabolic • Increased breakdown of muscle proteins • Stimulation of synthesis: Na+/K+ pump, respiratory chain enzymes, ... • The pro-growth importance: T3 and T4 support metabolism, which is necessary for protein synthesis and thus f ...
Lh6Ch14aGlycolPPP
... – Can be efficiently stored in the polymeric form – Many organisms and tissues can meet their energy needs on glucose only ...
... – Can be efficiently stored in the polymeric form – Many organisms and tissues can meet their energy needs on glucose only ...
Lipids (McMurry Ch. 27)
... Structure of fats & oils: glycerol backbone esterified with three fatty acids Function: Fatty acid storage, long-term source of energy, layer of insulation Structure & composition: see Table 23.1, 23.2, more details to follow 3. Phospholipids & Sphingolipids (Section 27.3) Structure: Glycerol or sph ...
... Structure of fats & oils: glycerol backbone esterified with three fatty acids Function: Fatty acid storage, long-term source of energy, layer of insulation Structure & composition: see Table 23.1, 23.2, more details to follow 3. Phospholipids & Sphingolipids (Section 27.3) Structure: Glycerol or sph ...
Role of glucokinase and glucose-6 phosphatase glucose production
... to displace Fru6P from R in a dose-dependent manner (Van Schaftingen, 1989). RFrulP is then no longer capable of interacting with GK, which therefore becomes fully active (Vandercammen and Van Schaftingen, 1990). Noteworthy, the concentration of hepatic Fru6P never varies to a large extent due to it ...
... to displace Fru6P from R in a dose-dependent manner (Van Schaftingen, 1989). RFrulP is then no longer capable of interacting with GK, which therefore becomes fully active (Vandercammen and Van Schaftingen, 1990). Noteworthy, the concentration of hepatic Fru6P never varies to a large extent due to it ...
Table S1.
... Brain and muscle aryl hydrocarbon Forms part of the positive arm the circadian receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT)-like molecular clock. BMAL forms hetrodimer with CLOCK and initiates the transcription of Per and Cry genes. Circadian Locomotor Output Cycles Kaput In conjunction with BMAL forms the ...
... Brain and muscle aryl hydrocarbon Forms part of the positive arm the circadian receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT)-like molecular clock. BMAL forms hetrodimer with CLOCK and initiates the transcription of Per and Cry genes. Circadian Locomotor Output Cycles Kaput In conjunction with BMAL forms the ...
Lecture Notes BS1090
... generates 8 Acetyl CoA, and 7 molecules of both FADH2 and NADH. All of these are energyrich and can be used to generate ATP in the mitochondria (BS1090 notes, Chapt 18). The complete -oxidation of Palmitic acid can generate 106 ATP molecules! Generation of Ketone Bodies by the Liver The Acetyl CoA ...
... generates 8 Acetyl CoA, and 7 molecules of both FADH2 and NADH. All of these are energyrich and can be used to generate ATP in the mitochondria (BS1090 notes, Chapt 18). The complete -oxidation of Palmitic acid can generate 106 ATP molecules! Generation of Ketone Bodies by the Liver The Acetyl CoA ...
Exam Name___________________________________
... B) insulin stimulation of malonyl CoA formation C) insulin inhibition of the hydrolysis of stored triacylglycerols D) All of the above ...
... B) insulin stimulation of malonyl CoA formation C) insulin inhibition of the hydrolysis of stored triacylglycerols D) All of the above ...
Cellular Respiration PPT
... Network of electron-carrying proteins located in the inner membrane of the mitochondrion. The proteins pass the electrons from one to the next. Produces 32-34 ATP! ...
... Network of electron-carrying proteins located in the inner membrane of the mitochondrion. The proteins pass the electrons from one to the next. Produces 32-34 ATP! ...
1 - Medical Mastermind Community
... Fatty acid synthesis occurs within the cytosol, while fatty acid degradation occurs within the mitochondrial matrix. Three carbon units are added as malonyl-CoA in fatty acid synthesis, while two carbon units are liberated as acetyl-CoA in fatty acid degradation. NADPH is the electron donor in fatty ...
... Fatty acid synthesis occurs within the cytosol, while fatty acid degradation occurs within the mitochondrial matrix. Three carbon units are added as malonyl-CoA in fatty acid synthesis, while two carbon units are liberated as acetyl-CoA in fatty acid degradation. NADPH is the electron donor in fatty ...
Nutrition Power Point
... Protein molecules consist of Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen and Nitrogen. The smallest part of a protein is called an amino acid. There are 20 different amino acids Compose blood tissue, muscle tissue, hormones and enzymes ...
... Protein molecules consist of Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen and Nitrogen. The smallest part of a protein is called an amino acid. There are 20 different amino acids Compose blood tissue, muscle tissue, hormones and enzymes ...
Metabolism of lipids
... Electrons reach CoQ via Complexes I and II. CoQH2 serves as a mobile carrier of electrons and protons. It transfers electrons to Complex III, which transfers them to another mobile connecting link, cytochrome c. Complex IV transfers electrons from reduced cytochrome c to O2. Electron flow through Co ...
... Electrons reach CoQ via Complexes I and II. CoQH2 serves as a mobile carrier of electrons and protons. It transfers electrons to Complex III, which transfers them to another mobile connecting link, cytochrome c. Complex IV transfers electrons from reduced cytochrome c to O2. Electron flow through Co ...
1 - TechnionMed
... 17) Which of the following is the most accurate description of phosphofructokinase-1? a. This enzyme uses fructose-6-phosphate as a substrate and converts it to fructose-2,6-biphosphate b. This enzyme is inhibited by ATP, citrate and fructose-2,6-biphosphate c. This enzyme catalyzes a fully reversib ...
... 17) Which of the following is the most accurate description of phosphofructokinase-1? a. This enzyme uses fructose-6-phosphate as a substrate and converts it to fructose-2,6-biphosphate b. This enzyme is inhibited by ATP, citrate and fructose-2,6-biphosphate c. This enzyme catalyzes a fully reversib ...
The Glucose Dependent Transcription Factor ChREBP
... the pentose phosphate pathway as detected in RNA extracts (data not shown). Incorporation of 14C from glucose into lipids was also reduced (data not shown). In the NMR spectra, many resonances were observed for the control HTC116 cells, including those for C-3 of alanine and lactate, the 3 central c ...
... the pentose phosphate pathway as detected in RNA extracts (data not shown). Incorporation of 14C from glucose into lipids was also reduced (data not shown). In the NMR spectra, many resonances were observed for the control HTC116 cells, including those for C-3 of alanine and lactate, the 3 central c ...
Gluconeogenesis
... We need about l60 grams of glucose per day, 120 grams are needed for the brain and 40 grams for muscle, erythrocytes, eye lens cells, kidneys medulla, etc. Approximately 200 grams are stored in hepatic glycogen. Gluconeogenesis provides the necessary glucose during fast. The complete gluconeogenesis ...
... We need about l60 grams of glucose per day, 120 grams are needed for the brain and 40 grams for muscle, erythrocytes, eye lens cells, kidneys medulla, etc. Approximately 200 grams are stored in hepatic glycogen. Gluconeogenesis provides the necessary glucose during fast. The complete gluconeogenesis ...
Lecture Seventeen - Personal Webspace for QMUL
... 2: The phosphoenolpyruvate to pyruvate The loss of the phosphate creates pyruvate in an unstable enol form The free-energy released on the rearrangement of pyruvate to its more stable ketone form is more than is needed to produce ATP REGULATION OF GLYCOLYSIS Glycolysis regulation reflects ...
... 2: The phosphoenolpyruvate to pyruvate The loss of the phosphate creates pyruvate in an unstable enol form The free-energy released on the rearrangement of pyruvate to its more stable ketone form is more than is needed to produce ATP REGULATION OF GLYCOLYSIS Glycolysis regulation reflects ...
Document
... membrane through the ATP Synthase Enzyme. This driving force makes this enzyme rotate, and this conformational change generates enough energy to make ATP. Oxidation of NADH to NAD+ pumps 3 protons which charges the ...
... membrane through the ATP Synthase Enzyme. This driving force makes this enzyme rotate, and this conformational change generates enough energy to make ATP. Oxidation of NADH to NAD+ pumps 3 protons which charges the ...
4f03125
... What is the name of the condition caused by the absence of carbohydrates in the diet, which leads to the production of an excess amount of acetyl-CoA. heart disease ketosis point mutation basosis ...
... What is the name of the condition caused by the absence of carbohydrates in the diet, which leads to the production of an excess amount of acetyl-CoA. heart disease ketosis point mutation basosis ...
Bacterial Metabolism and Growth
... – produces 3 NADH for every acetyl-CoA – produces 1 FADH2 for every acetyl-CoA – All 6 carbons from the original glucose molecule have been converted to CO2 by the end of the TCA cycle – Figure 4-4 ...
... – produces 3 NADH for every acetyl-CoA – produces 1 FADH2 for every acetyl-CoA – All 6 carbons from the original glucose molecule have been converted to CO2 by the end of the TCA cycle – Figure 4-4 ...
Synopsis - Challenge:Future
... are an excellent source of polyunsaturated fatty acids specially ω-3 group, protein content and many other nutritional value products. Microbial oil or single-cell oil (SCO) production is a relatively new concept, first proposed in the twentieth century (Ratledge 2001). Prices for most bulk plant oi ...
... are an excellent source of polyunsaturated fatty acids specially ω-3 group, protein content and many other nutritional value products. Microbial oil or single-cell oil (SCO) production is a relatively new concept, first proposed in the twentieth century (Ratledge 2001). Prices for most bulk plant oi ...
Glyceroneogenesis
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Glycerol-3-phosphate.png?width=300)
Glyceroneogenesis is a metabolic pathway which synthesizes glycerol 3-phosphate or triglyceride from precursors other than glucose. Usually glycerol 3-phosphate is generated from glucose by glycolysis, but when glucose concentration drops in the cytosol, it is generated by another pathway called glyceroneogenesis. Glyceroneogenesis uses pyruvate, alanine, glutamine or any substances from the TCA cycle as precursors for glycerol 3-phophate. Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPC-K), which is an enzyme that catalyses the decarboxylation of oxaloacetate to phosphoenolpyruvate is the main regulator for this pathway. Glyceroneogenesis can be observed in adipose tissue and also liver. It is a significant biochemical pathway which regulates cytosolic lipid levels. Intense suppression of glyceroneogenesis may lead to metabolic disorder such as type 2 diabetes.