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Transcript
Denniston,7e Glossary of Key Terms in Chapter Eleven addition polymer (11.5) a polymer prepared by sequential addition of monomers. addition reaction (11.5) a reaction in which two molecules add together to form a new molecule; often involves the addition of one molecule to a double or triple bond in an unsaturated molecule. alkene (11.1) a hydrocarbon that contains one or more carbon-carbon double bonds; an unsaturated hydrocarbon with the general formula CnH2n. alkyne (11.1) a hydrocarbon that contains one or more carbon-carbon triple bonds; an unsaturated hydrocarbon with the general formula CnH2n-2. aromatic compound (11.6) a hydrocarbon that contains a benzene ring or that has properties that are similar to those exhibited by benzene. geometric isomers (11.3) isomers that differ from one another in the placement of substituents on a double bond or a ring. halogenation (11.5) a reaction in which one of the C-H bonds of a hydrocarbon is replaced with a C-X bond of a halogen atom. heterocyclic aromatic compound (11.7) a compound having at least one atom other than carbon in the structure of the aromatic ring. hydration (11.5) a reaction in which water is added to a molecule. hydrogenation (11.5) a reaction in which hydrogen (H2) is added to a double or a triple bond. hydrohalogenation (11.5) the addition of a hydrohalogen (HCl, HBr) to an unsaturated bond. Markovnikov’s rule (11.5) the rule that states that a hydrogen atom, adding to a carbon-carbon double bond, is more likely to add to the carbon having the larger number of hydrogens attached to it already. monomer (11.5) the individual molecules from which a polymer is formed. phenyl group (11.6) a benzene ring that has had a hydrogen atom removed. polymer (11.5) a very large molecule formed by the combination of many small molecules (called monomers). substitution reaction (11.6) a reaction in which a hydrogen atom attached to a carbon atom is replaced by another atom or group of atoms. unsaturated compound (Intro) any hydrocarbon that contains one or more carbon-carbon double or triple bonds.