Download 國立屏東教育大學95學年度研究所碩士班入學考試

國立屏東教育大學 98 學年度研究所碩士班入學考試
化學 試題
（化學生物系碩士班 化學組）
※請注意：1.本試題共五頁。
2.答案須寫在答案卷上，否則不予計分。
一、選擇題（每題 3 分，共 60 分）
1. If matter is uniform throughout, cannot be separated into other substances by physical
processes, but can be decomposed into other substances by chemical processes, it is called a
(an) __________.
(A) heterogeneous mixture
(B) element
(C) homogeneous mixture
(D) compound
(E) mixture of elements
2. Based on the activity series, which one of the reactions below will occur?
(A) Zn (s) + MnI2 (aq)  ZnI2 (aq) + Mn (s)
(B) SnCl2 (aq) + Cu (s)  Sn (s) + CuCl2 (aq)
(C) 2AgNO3 (aq) + Pb (s)  2Ag (s) + Pb(NO3 )2 (aq)
(D) 3Hg (l) + 2Cr(NO3 )3 (aq)  3Hg(NO3 )2 + 2Cr (s)
(E) 3FeBr2 (aq) + 2Au (s)  3Fe (s) + 2AuBr3 (aq)
3. According to the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle, it is impossible to know precisely both the
position and the __________ of an electron.
(A) mass
(B) color
(C) momentum
(D) shape
(E) velocity
4. Consider the general valence electron configuration of ns2np5 and the following statements:
(A) Elements with this electron configuration are expected to form -1 anions.
(B) Elements with this electron configuration are expected to have large positive electron
affinities.
(C) Elements with this electron configuration are nonmetals.
(D) Elements with this electron configuration form acidic oxides.
5. A biomaterial intended for use as a long-term replacement of a blood vessel __________.
(A) must be rigid and have rough surfaces
(B) must be rigid and chemically inert
(C) must be rigid and must not degrade over time
(D) must be flexible and have an open porous structure
(E) should be designed such that it encourages coagulation of blood
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6. Advantages to replacement of metal parts used in high-temperature applications with ceramics
include:
(1) Ceramics are easily manufactured free of defects.
(2) Ceramics are less dense than metals.
(3) Ceramics are less brittle than metals.
(4) Ceramics are more resistant to corrosion than metals.
(A) 2, 4
(B) 1, 2, 3, 4
(C) 2, 3, 4
(D) 1, 3, 4
(E) 1, 2, 4
7. The diagram below is the Born-huber cycle for the formation of crystalline potassium
fluoride.
Which energy change corresponds to the electron affinity of fluorine?
(A) 2
(B) 5
(C) 4
(D) 1
(E) 6
8. For resonance forms of a molecule or ion, __________.
(A) one always corresponds to the observed structure
(B) all the resonance structures are observed in various proportions
(C) the observed structure is an average of the resonance forms
(D) the same atoms need not be bonded to each other in all resonance forms
(E) there cannot be more than two resonance structures for a given species
9. The bond angles marked a, b, and c in the molecule below are about __________,
__________, and __________, respectively.
(A) 90°, 90°, 90°
(B) 120°, 120°, 90°
(C) 120°, 120°, 109.5°
(D) 109.5°, 120°, 109.5°
(E) 109.5°, 90°, 120°
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10.According to MO theory, overlap of two p atomic orbitals produces __________.
(A) two bonding molecular orbitals
(B) one bonding molecular orbital and one antibonding molecular orbital
(C) two bonding molecular orbitals and two antibonding molecular orbitals
(D) two bonding molecular orbitals and one antibonding molecular orbital
(E) three bonding molecular orbitals and three antibonding molecular orbitals
11.Which of the following statements about gases is false?
(A) Gases are highly compressible.
(B) Distances between molecules of gas are very large compared to bond distances within
molecules.
(C) Non-reacting gas mixtures are homogeneous.
(D) Gases expand spontaneously to fill the container they are placed in.
(E) All gases are colorless and odorless at room temperature.
12.On the phase diagram below, segment __________ corresponds to the conditions of
temperature and pressure under which the solid and the gas of the substance are in
equilibrium.
(A) AB
(B) AC
(C) AD
(D) CD
(E) BC
13.The half-life of a first-order reaction __________.
(A) is the time necessary for the reactant concentration to drop to half its original value
(B) is constant
(C) can be calculated from the reaction rate constant
(D) does not depend on the initial reactant concentration
(E) All of the above are correct.
14.What compound in limestone and marble is attacked by acid rain __________?
(A) hydroxyapatite
(B) calcium carbonate
(C) gypsum
(D) graphite
(E) potassium hydroxide
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15. Magnesium reacts with a certain element to form a compound with the general formula MgX.
What would the most likely formula be for the compound formed between potassium and
element X?
(A) K 2 X
(B) KX2
(C) K 2 X3
(D) K 2 X 2
(E) KX
16.Automotive air bags inflate when sodium azide decomposes explosively to its constituent
elements:
2NaN3 (s)  2Na (s)  3N2 (g)
How many moles of N 2 are produced by the decomposition of 2.88 mol of sodium azide?
(A) 1.92
(B) 8.64
(C) 4.32
(D) 0.960
(E) 1.44
17.Which one of the following elements has an allotrope that is produced in the upper
atmosphere by lightning
(A) N
(B) O
(C) S
(D) Cl
(E) He
18.Given the electronegativities below, which covalent single bond is most polar?
Element:
H
C
N
O
Electronegativity:
2.1
2.5
3.0
3.5
(A) C-H
(B) N-H
(C) O-H
(D) O-C
(E) O-N
19.The basis of the VSEPR model of molecular bonding is __________.
(A) regions of electron density on an atom will organize themselves so as to maximize
s-character
(B) regions of electron density in the valence shell of an atom will arrange themselves so as to
maximize overlap
(C) atomic orbitals of the bonding atoms must overlap for a bond to form
(D) electron domains in the valence shell of an atom will arrange themselves so as to
minimize repulsions
(E) hybrid orbitals will form as necessary to, as closely as possible, achieve spherical
symmetry
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20.A catalyst can increase the rate of a reaction __________.
(A) by changing the value of the frequency factor (A)
(B) by increasing the overall activation energy (E ) of the reaction
a
(C) by lowering the activation energy of the reverse reaction
(D) by providing an alternative pathway with a lower activation energy
(E) All of these are ways that a catalyst might act to increase the rate of reaction.
二、簡答題（每題 5 分，共 20 分）
（一） During incomplete combustion, carbon monoxide is produced and it is harmful to
humans. Explain.
（二） Calculate G (in kJ/mol) for the following reaction at 1 atm and 25 C :
C2 H6 (g)  O2 (g)  CO2 (g)  H 2O(l) (unbalanced)
G f C2 H6 (g)  32.89KJ/mol ; G f CO2 (g)  -394.4 kJ/mol ;
G f H2O(l)  -237.13 kJ/mol
（三） What is the oxidation number of the central metal in [Mo(H 2 O) 5 NO 3 ]Cl 2
（四） What is the name of the compound below?
三、問答題（每題 10 分，共 20 分）
（一） 試說明化學材料在能源產業之發展趨勢與應用。
（二） 試說明光觸媒的原理與在生活上的應用。
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