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AP Psychology Psyc disorders review sheet Main ideas and terms to know: understand the debate surrounding diagnostic labeling medical model criticisms of the medical model biopsychosocial approach criticisms of the biopsychosocial approach What is the DSM-IV? How is the DSM-IV used by psychologists? Why the DSM-IV only bases diagnoses on observable patterns of behavior? self-fulfilling prophecies What is the difference between neurotic disorders and psychotic disorders? The negative effects of diagnostic labels The relationship between psychological disorders and violence What would most mental health workers believe the influences are that lead to disordered behavior? What is the M’Naughton Rule? What is insanity? criteria for determining disordered behavior: a) atypical b) disturbing c) maladaptive d) unjustifiable Understand the characteristics of all of the major psychological disorders (know their symptoms & other diagnostic features): Anxiety Disorders: phobias specific phobia biological reasons for phobia learning theory concerning phobias social phobia agoraphobia obsessive-compulsive disorder (ocd) The theory that compulsions reduce anxiety Learning theory & OCD manifestation of neurosis 1 Post-traumatic stress disorder (ptsd): a.) acute b.) chronic c.) with delayed onset Generalized anxiety disorder ”free-floating anxiety” panic attacks Schizophrenia: it is a psychotic disorder it is not multiple personality disorder genetics and schizophrenia birth month and hemisphere as it relates to schizophrenia prenatal viral infections & schizophrenia low birth weight & schizophrenia brain imaging and schizophrenia delusions hallucinations disorganized speech “word salad” disorganized behavior catatonic behavior positive symptoms negative symptoms delusions of grandeur persecutorial delusions schizophrenia subtypes: a.) paranoid b.) disorganized c.) catatonic d.) undifferentiated dopamine hypothesis concerning schizophrenia Mood Disorders: Major depressive disorder mania manic disorder dysthymic disorder cyclothymic disorder bipolar disorder ”flight of ideas” learned helplessness serotonin 2 norepinephrine cortisol and how it relates to stress sleep disturbances psychoanalytic viewpoint on depression self-blaming attributions What often cause or initiates depression? What should a person do to break the cycle of depression? Depression and people who are chronically lonely Reasons why depression is increasing Main ideas and terms to know: Dissociative Disorders: dissociative amnesia dissociative fugue dissociative identity disorder understand the controversy surrounding DID (formerly MPD) psychoanalytic view on DID Somatoform Disorders: conversion disorder hypochondriasis somatization disorder Developmental Disorders: Autism Savant syndrome Conduct Disorder ADHD ADD Personality Disorders: paranoid schizoid Antisocial personality disorder Borderline personality disorder histrionic personality narcissistic personality avoidant personality dependent personality obsessive-compulsive personality the relationship between the frontal lobe and reduced self-control of impulsive murders low level of autonomic nervous system arousal as it relates to antisocial personality disorder 3 Suicide Statistics males vs. females rich vs. poor signs of a possible suicide attempt 4