Download Name ______ Period ______ 7th Grade Science Study Guide 1 7

Name ______________________________________________________________________________ Period _________
7th Grade Science Study Guide 1
7-1: Science Inquiry & 7-5: Chemistry
Part I:
7-1.2: Scientific Investigation
Name the independent and dependent variables in the scenarios below:
Scenario
Independent Variable
Dependent Variable
1. Stephen wants to know how the brand of
popcorn affects the number of kernels left in the
bag.
2. Gaillard studies the effect of time spent
practicing basketball on number of points scored
in a game.
3. Kiki ask the question, “How does hours spent
studying affect science grades?”
4. Peter wants to know how the amount of baking
soda added to vinegar affects the amount of
bubbles produced.
5. Sydney wants to know how amount of exercise
affects heart rate.
7-1.3 Controlled Scientific Investigation
6. Why is it important to test only 1 variable at a time in an experiment?
7. Circle the correct word in bold:
a. Quantitative measurements use numbers/senses
b. Qualitative measurements use numbers/senses.
8. Identify the following as QN for Quantitative and QL for qualitiative.
_______ The air smells like smoke.
_______ Lemons taste sour because they are acids.
_______ The mass of the aluminum is 10 kg.
_______ Steel wool feels rough.
_______ The density is 100 g/mL.
_______ The plant is short.
7-1.4: Repeated Trials & Sample Size
9. How many times does an experiment need to be replicated (or repeated)?
10. In order for an experiment to be reliable, a large | small sample must be tested.
7-1.5: Using Tables & Graphs
11. What type of graph is shown at right?
12. Identify the variables on the graph at right;
_________________________________
independent variable
____________________________
dependent variable
13. Why was no fertilizer put on some of the tomato plants?
14. What conclusion can be drawn from the graph at right?
15. Von looks at the temperature that water boils. He collects the following data. Make a graph of Von’s data.
Time (sec)
Temp (˚C)
0
20
30
40
60
60
90
80
120
100
150
100
180
100
16. The temperature 100 degrees is the __________________________________________________ of water.
17. In the graph above, why does the temperature not increase past 100 degrees?
18. Identify the variables on the graph at right;
_________________________________
independent variable
____________________________
dependent variable
19. What type of graph is shown at right?
20. Graphs that show data changing over time are called: bar graphs | line graphs ?
Part II:
7-5.1 & 7-5.2: Matter - Atoms, Elements, Compounds, & Mixtures
21. Fill in the blanks with the proper definitions below:
Atom
Element
Compound
Homogeneous Mixture
Heterogeneous Mixture
a. A(n) ___________________________________________________ is not a pure substance and is clear in appearance.
b. A(n) ______________________________________________ is the smallest unit of matter than cannot be broken down.
c. A(n) ______________________________________ is 2 or more ___________________________________ combined.
d. A (n)________________________________________________ is not a pure substance and is cloudy in its appearance.
22. Fill in the diagram with the proper names from the word bank below.
Part III: 7-5.3: Comparing Metals & Nonmetals
23. Match the following words with the proper definition.
a. Luster
__________ Able to be hammered into different shapes
b. Brittle
__________Not shiny
c. Dense
__________Breaks easily
d. Conductor
__________Heat & electricity move through easily
e. Nonconductor
__________Able to be drawn into wire
f.
__________Heat and electricity do not pass through
Ductile
g. Malleable
__________Heavy for their size
h. Dull
__________Shiny
24. Write the words from above in the proper location in the table below.
Metals
Nonmetals
7-5.4 The Periodic Table
25. Write the names of the elements and then circle whether they are M: NM: metals or nonmetals. You may need your Periodic Table
to help you.
O ____________________ M / NM
H ______________________ M / NM
N ______________________ M / NM
Na ___________________ M / NM
C______________________ M / NM
Cl ______________________ M / NM
26. a. ___________________________________ are the rows on the periodic table.
b. ___________________________________ are the columns on the periodic table.
27. Elements in the same family / period share similar properties.
28. Color the family red and the period yellow in the pictures below and at right.
29. Look at the 2 pictures you just colored:
a. What elements are in the same family as sodium? __________________________________________________
b. What elements are in the same period as sodium? __________________________________________________
30. Label the items in the picture below:
31. Based on the information given in the table at right, which 2 elements will
have the MOST similar chemical properties?
32. How are elements arranged on the periodic table?
33. Fill in the table below:
Element Symbol
Element Name
Atomic Number
Atomic Mass
H
Sodium
N
6
Chlorine
15.9994
34. Put the element symbols from the table above in the order they are found on the Periodic Table.
H, ________, ________, ________, ________, ________,
Part IV:
7-5.5 Chemical Symbols & Formulas
35. Write the chemical symbols for:
Name
Oxygen Hydrogen
Nitrogen
Sodium
Chlorine
Carbon
Symbol
36. Write the chemical formulas for:
Name
Oxygen gas
Nitrogen gas
Water
Sugar
Salt
Carbon dioxide
Symbol
37. Circle the subscripts in the chemical formulas above.
38. What is the difference between oxygen and oxygen gas?
39. How many atoms are in CaCO3? _______________
How many atoms are in CuCl2? _______________
How many atoms are in NH3? ____________
How many atoms are in NaOH? _________
40. How many atoms make up a molecule of water? ___________
41. Identify the following as E: elements and C: compounds or M: element molecules
_________No
__________N2
_________NO
_________O2
7-5.7 Reactants & Products
42. Ms. Kimar tells you that in today’s science lab, you are going to produce water. Circle the reactants and underline the products in
the following equation.
2H2 + O2

2H20
a. What is/are the name(s) of the reactant (s) ? __________________________________________________________
b. What is/are the name(s) of the product(s)? ____________________________________________________________
43. What is the name of the product in the following equation? C + O2  CO2
_____________________________________________________________________
44. What do chemical equations tell you?
Circle the reactants and underline the products in the following equations. Then give the number of atoms in each.
45. Fe + O2  Fe2O3
Fe =
O=
Fe=
O=
36. H2 O2  H2O + O2
H=
O=
H=
O=
37. Fe2Cl2  Fe + Cl2
Fe=
Cl=
F=
Cl=
38. Na + Cl2  NaCl
Na=
Cl=
Na=
Cl=
Part V:
7-5.8 Balancing Chemical Equations
46. Circle the coefficients in the following equations:
a. 2H2O
b. 2 C8H12O8
c. 2 MgF2
d. 2 Fe2O3
47. Which of the parts of a chemical equation can be changed in order to balance the equation? ______________________________
48. In order to find the total number of atoms in a chemical formula, you must __________________ the coefficient and the subscript.
a. add
b. subtract
c. multiply
d. divide
Give the total number of atoms of each in element in the compounds below. Then give the name of the compound.
49. 4 NaCl
44. 3 CO2
Na=
Cl =
45. 5 H2O
C=
O=
___________________
Name
___________________
Name
46. 2 C6H12O6
H=
O=
C=
H=
O=
___________________
Name
___________________
Name
List the atoms in the reactants and the products in the following equations and circle whether or not they are balanced:
50. 2H2 + O2 
H=
O=
2H2O
H=
O=
Balanced / Unbalanced
51. 2C + 2H2 
C=
H=
CH4
C=
H=
Balanced / Unbalanced
2 NaCl  2 Na + Cl2
Na=
Cl=
Na=
Cl=
Balanced / Unbalanced
2Na + O2 2 Na2O
Na=
O=
Na=
O=
Balanced / Unbalanced
N2 + 3 H2  2 NH3
N=
H=
N=
H=
Balanced / Unbalanced
4P + O2  P4O10
P=
O=
P=
O=
Balanced / Unbalanced
52. Which of the following summarizes the Law of Conservation of Matter as applied to a chemical reaction?
a. The total mass of the reactants is greater than the mass of the products.
b. The total mass of the reactants is less than the total mass of the products.
c. The total mass of the reactants equals the total mass of the products.
d. Matter cannot change form.
53. What is the Law of Conservation of Matter? Use the Law of Conservation of matter to explain why an equation must be balanced.
Part VI:
7-5.9 Physical and Chemical Properties
54. How are physical and chemical properties useful?
55. Identify the following a C: chemical properties or P: physical properties.
__________Flammable
_________ A boiling point of 100˚C
__________ Rust
__________ Reaction to acid
__________A density of 0.79 g/ml
_________Colorless
__________Burn
_________ Melting point of 0˚C
56. True or False: The ability to rust involves a substance reacting quickly with oxygen
.
57. True or False: The ability to burn involves a substance reacting slowly with oxygen.
7-5.10 Physical & Chemical Changes
58. Fill in the table with the properties of physical and chemical changes:
Change the composition of a substance
Only change the physical properties of a substance
Form a new substance
Physical changes
Boiling
Burning
Precipitate
Melting
Tearing
Bubbles
Chemical changes
59. Label the following as C: chemical change or P: physical change
__________Water evaporating
_________ Wood turning to ash __________Ice cream melting
_________A glass breaking
60. Fill in the blanks with proper type of change:
a. During a ______________________ change, a substance may look different but its identity does not change.
b. During a _______________________ change, a chemical reaction occurs, causing a new substance to form, which changes
the identity of that substance,.
61. What are the signs that a chemical change has taken place?
7-5.6: Acids, Bases, & Neutral Solutions
62. Identify the following as properties/examples of A: acids or B: bases or N: neutral substances.
________Tastes sour
__________ Turns red litmus paper blue
______ Vinegar
_________Feels slippery
__________ Turns blue litmus paper red
_______Orange juice
_________Tastes bitter
__________ Phenolphthalein turns it bright pink
_______Soap
_________ pH of 3
__________ pH of 7
_______pH of 14
63. A student places red litmus paper in a solution. The red litmus paper turns purple. Then the student places blue litmus paper in
the solution and it also turns. What can the student conclude?
64. What is a potential pH of the substance is the question above?
65. What is phenolphthalein used to test for?
66. Put a > symbol next to the stronger substance.
Lemon: pH=4 ________ Lime: pH=5
Ammonia: pH=11 ________ Bleach: pH=13
67. Fill in the chart below.
68. Place the lemon, lime, ammonia, and bleach on the chart above.