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Science 10 Notes: Chemical Reactions – Writing and Balancing Equations Terms to know: Reactants, products, chemical reaction, law of conservation of mass, Skeleton equation, word equation, symbolic equation, balanced equation nitrogen monoxide gas + oxygen gas → nitrogen dioxide gas Law of conservation of mass: For chemical reactions, this means that the number of atoms in the reactants must equal: How to balance a chemical reaction: 1. Start with the skeleton equation. You may need to find the chemical formulas from the names of the compounds. Be aware of common names: And Diatomic molecules: 2. Simple equations can be balanced by adding coefficients by trial and error / common sense a. Balance compounds first b. Add coefficients only. Do not change subscripts c. If you add a coefficient to a compound, balance all of those atoms first before moving on d. Make sure that all of the coefficients are whole numbers. You can double or triple all of the coefficients if necessary e. Polyatomic ions can be treated as a whole unit Eg: H2 (g) + Cl2 (g) → HCl (aq) CH4 + O2 → CO2 + H2O 3. Balance the following: FeBr3 + CaS → Fe2S3 + CaBr2 4. Ca(NO3)2 + HCl → CaCl2 + HNO3 Complicated equations can be balanced by counting atoms: Ex 12: C3H7OH + O2 → CO2 +H2O Eg. Plants convert carbon dioxide gas and water into glucose (C6H12O6) and oxygen