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Name _____________________Hour:________ PUNNETT SQUARE SHOW WHAT YOU KNOW! Attach Genetics notes to this review TERMS TO KNOW: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. What is a gene?________________________________________ What is a genotype?_____________________________________ How is a genotype written?______________________ What is a phenotype?____________________________________ Write an example of a heterozygous genotype.__________ What are these two different forms of the same gene called?______ Hybrid = ___________ (one word) Write an example of a homozygous genotype:____________ Purebred = ____________ (one word) _____________ is the father of genetics. 11. What do the letters on the sides of every Punnett Square represent?______________________ 12. What do the letters inside every Punnett Square represent?______________________ CROSSES IN PEA PLANTS: Height Gene Flower Color Gene Pod Color Gene Alleles: Tall (T) Short (t) Alleles: Green pods (G) Yellow pods (g) Alleles: Purple flowers (F) White flowers (f) Consider just the gene for flower color. 1. What is the genotype of a plant that is heterozygous for height ?______ What possible gamete genotypes would this plant make in meiosis? ______ _____ 2. Cross two plants that are heterozygous purple. Show the Punnett square: a) What is the fraction of their possible offspring that could have a purple phenotype?_________ b) What is the fraction of their possible offspring that could have a homozygous recessive genotype?_________ Consider two genes, one for flower color and one for pea plant height. 3. What is the genotype of a plant that is heterozygous for flower color and pod color?________ What possible gamete genotypes would this plant make in meiosis? REMEMBER THE FOIL METHOD WHEN CONSIDERING TWO GENES! ONE COPY OF BOTH GENES MUST BE PRESENT! ______ _____ _____ _____ 4. Cross a plant that is short with white flowers with one that is homozygous for the tall trait and purple flower trait. Show the Punnett square below if needed. a) What is the percent probability that these two plants will have tall, purple offspring?________ b) What is the percent probability that these two plants will have short, purple offspring?_______ 5. Cross a plant that is heterozygous for height and pod color with one that is homozygous recessive for both traits. Show the Punnett square below a) What are the possible genotype fractions of this cross? 1/4___TtGg___ 1/4__________ 1/4____________ 1/4___________ b) What are the possible phenotype fractions of this cross? ¼ Tall Green, ______________, ______________, ______________ 6. Cross two plants that are heterozygous for both height and flower color. Show the Punnett square below. a) What is the most common phenotype of their offspring?________________ b) What is the phenotype ratio of their offspring? 9_tall,_purple flowers___:3_____________:3___________:1_____________ c) What is the percent chance they will have a tall offspring? __________ OTHER CROSSES: Consider one gene for hair length in guinea pigs 7. Short hair in guinea pigs is dominant to long hair. If a litter of pigs has 5 short haired and 5 long haired, and one of the parents has long hair, what are the genotypes of both parents? _____________ and ______________. Consider two genes in aliens, one for teeth shape and one for intelligence level. 8. In a far away galaxy, there is a small planet known as “jackflub,” it is the home to small creatures known as the jackflubbies (I’m sure you have heard of them). Anyway, what you probably aren’t aware of is their arch-enemies, “the nibflibs!!!” The nibflibs are grotesque creatures that eat jackflubby children and build shopping malls out of their bones. Just like the jackflubbies, nibflibs have a few traits of their own. Here are a few of the traits nibflibs have…… a) Sharp teeth (E) (used for tearing flesh off baby jackflubby bones) Dull teeth (e) b) Intelligent (I) (someone has to design the malls…right?) Moron (i) Questions…. a.) Can two sharp toothed, moronic nibflibs have an intelligent baby?______ Prove your answer. b.) What is the chance that a dull toothed, moronic nibflib can have an intelligent baby with another dull toothed, moronic nibflib?_______ Prove your answer. c.) A baby nibflib is born and has the following genotype… EEii - What is the phenotype of this baby?_________________ - Can its mother have the genotype EEII?_______ Explain your answer.