Download Chapter One and Two:

Chapter One and Two:
Heredity: all the traits and properties that are passed along biologically from both parents to child.
Resistance Skills: techniques that can help you refuse when you are urged to take part in an unsafe or unhealthful behavior.
Goal: something you aim for that takes planning and work.
Risk: actions or behaviors that represent a potential health threat
Health Status: 1)the combination of your physical, mental/emotional, and social well being 2)specific tools and strategies that lead to
better and more informed health choices.
Health continuum: premature death, loss of health/wellness, (middle), improved health/wellness, high level of health
Lifestyle Factors: 1)get between seven to eight hours of sleep per night 2)refrain from smoking and using tobacco products
3)do not use alcohol or other drugs 4)maintain your recommended weight.
Why teach health education?: (def.) – the providing of accurate health information in such a way as to influence people to
change attitudes so that they take positive action about their health.
List 3 Communication Skills: 1)pay attention to how you say something 2)be a good listener 3)be aware of your facial
expressions and gestures
List 3 Refusal Skills: 1)say no 2)suggest alternatives to the proposed activity 3)leave if necessary
List 3 Stress Management Skills: 1)rechanneling your energy 2)relaxing 3)laughing
List 6 Steps in Decision Making: 1)state the situation 2)list the possible outcomes 3)weigh the possible outcomes 4)consider
your values 5)make a decision and take action 6)evaluate your decision
List 3 Steps for Goal Setting: 1)select a goal to work on 2)identify sources of help and support 3)reward yourself after
reaching your goal
Two Types of Goals: 1)long term 2)short term
Chapter 25:
BAC Level Chart: .01%-.02%)The drinker feels relaxed, with a minor impairment of judgment and memory .03%.04%)Some loss of judgment and efficiency. Alertness is signifigantly decreased. .05%-.06%)Inhibitions are lowered.
Decision-making skills are affected. Drinker begins to have less control over actions and emotions. .07%-.08%)Walking,
talking and balance are visibly affected. The drinker’s ability to react is notably slower. A BAC of .08% is considered
legally intoxicated in some states. .09%-.10%)A BAC of .10% is considered legally intoxicated in most states. Vision,
judgment, speech and reaction times are all severely affected.
BAC: Blood Alcohol Concentration
2 Myths and 2 Facts: Myth 1: When a person has a hangover, coffee, a cold shower, or fre4sh air will sober him or her up.
Fact 1: These practices do not speed up the liver’s ability to break down the alcohol, so they don’t help to sober a person up.
Myth 2: Drinking alcohol through a straw “filters out” the alcoholic content of the beverage. Fact 2: The alcohol content
remains the same no matter how the drug is delivered into the body.
List 5 Reasons Why Young People Drink: 1)to feel more confident in social situations 2)for excitement 3)to get away with
something they are not supposed to do 4)to deal with stress and relax 5)to escape pressures or problems
6 Factors That Determine How Alcohol Will Affect You: 1)body weight and type 2)alcohol content 3)drinking time 4)food
5)medication 6)emotional state of mind
List Four Warning Signs That Show A Driver Has Been Drinking: 1)weaving or swerving 2)nearly striking another object
or vehicle 3)straddling the center line or the lane marker 4)unusually wide turns 5)stopping with no apparent cause
Chapter 28:
Infectious Disease: a disease caused by organisms that enter and multiply within the human body
Parasites: organisms that live in or on another organism and derive nourishment from it
Virus: the smallest known type of infectious agent
Transmission: spread
Immunity: the body’s natural defenses against infection
Mucous Membranes: the soft, skinlike lining of many parts of the body
Phagocytosis: the process by which phagocytes engulf and destroy pathogens
Neutrophils: the chief phagocyte involved in the process of phagocytosis
Antibodies: proteins that destroy or neutralize invading pathogens
Pneumonia: inflammation of the lungs
Tuberculosis (TB): a highly contagious bacterial infection that most often affects the lungs
Strep Throat: a bacterial infection of the throat
Vaccine: a preparation containing weakened or dead pathogens that provides immunity by causing the body to produce
antibodies to the pathogen
Immunization: a program whereby communities or other large populations are systematically made immune to a disease
Rubella: german measles
Active Immunity: immunity your body develops to protect you from disease
Passive Immunity: the temporary immunity that an infant acquires from its mother
 a bacteria is a single-celled microorganism. Some bacteria produce poisons that are harmful to human cells. If there are
enough “bad cells and the person is not immune, disease results. Virus’s are not living cells, they are genetic material
surrounded by a layer of protein. Virus injects itself into host cells, and copies itself. Bacteria does not inject itself or
use a host cell. Bacteria copies itself.
List 4 Ways Diseases Are Spread: 1)people (direct, indirect contact) 2)animals 3)contaminated objects 4)the environment
Non-Specific Resistance: 1)physical barriers-bodies first line of defense, the main barrier being your skin. Mucous
membranes help also. 2)chemical barriers 3)body cells 4)inflammatory response-“red alert”, blood vessels dialate, increase
blood flow.
Hepatitis A, B, and C: 1)hepatitis A-results from eating or drinking food that has been contaminated with a person’s feces.
2)hepatitis B-found in all fluids of an infected person, especially blood. 3)hepatitis C-can cause liver cancer
3 Major Types of Vaccines: 1)live-virus vaccines-these are made from weakened viruses. Measles, rubella, and oral polio
vaccines all contain live viruses. 2)killed-virus vaccines-the vaccines contain viruses that have been killed. They are not as
powerful as live-virus vaccines. Need booster shots from time to time to reinforce the vaccine. Cholera, typhoid fever,
rabies, and Salk injected polio vaccines contain killed viruses. 3)toxoids-some diseases are cause by bacteria that release a
toxin. Scientists have discovered that by chemically treating bacteria toxins, they can make very effective vaccines. The
treated toxins, called toxoids, stimulate the production of antibodies and establish active immunity against these diseases.
Chapter 31:
Noninfectious Diseases: a disease caused by organisms that enter and multiply within the human body
Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD’S): medical disorders that affect the heart and blood vessels
Hypertension: high blood pressure
Arteriosclerosis: hardening of the arteries
Angina Pectoris: pain and tightness in the chest caused by the lack of oxygen to the heart
Fibrillation: the rapid, ineffective beating of the heart in one of two chambers called ventricles
Congestive Heart Failure: a slow, gradual weakening of the heart muscle from overwork
Stroke: an interruption of the flow of blood to any part of the brain
Cancers: uncontrolled abnormal cell growth
Tumors: masses of tissue
Benign: noncancerous
Malignant: cancerous
Metastasis: spread of cancer from the point where it originated to other parts of the body
Carcinogen: cancer-causing substances
Melanoma: often deadly type of skin cancer
Biopsy: a laboratory analysis of a section of tissue taken from a site where abnormal cell growth is suspected
Chemotherapy: the use of anti –cancer medications in the treatment of diabetes
Diabetes: a chronic disease that affects the way body cells convert food into energy
Insulin: a hormone that is produced in the pancreas and that helps the body convert glucose to energy
Impaired Glucose Tolerance (IGT): a condition in which blood sugar levels are higher than normal but not high enough to
be classified as diabetes
Arthritis: at least 100 different conditions that cause aching, pain, and swelling in joints and connective tissue throughout the
body
Rheumatiod Arthritis:
Osteoarthritis: a disease in the weight-bearing joints of the knees and hips, causing aches and soreness especially when
moving
Four Risk Factors of Cardio-Vascular Disease: 1)heredity 2)environment 3)age 4)gender
Early Signs of Hearth Attack: 1)pressure in chest 2)nausea 3)vomiting 4)shortness of breath
4 Warning Signs of Stroke: 1)sudden weakness or numbness of the face, arm, and leg on one side of the body 2)loss of
speech, or trouble in speaking or understanding people 3)sudden dimness or loss of vision, particularly in only one eye
4)unexplained dizziness, unsteadiness, or sudden falls
Differences Between Stroke and Heart Attack: 1)stroke is when there is an interruption of blood flow to the brain, heart
attack is because of insufficient oxygen and nutrients to the heart cells 2)heart attack causes a decrease in heart function,
stroke causes loss of functions on one side of the body
6 Treatments For CVD’s: 1)electrocardiogram 2)radionuclide 3)phonocardiography 4)coronary angiography 5)artificial
pacemaker 6)magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
4 Surgical Procedures: 1)heart transplant 2)coronary bypass surgery 3)balloon angioplasty 4)heart valve surgery
3 Types of Cancer: 1)oral cancer-affects the mouth and throat area. Risk factors are mostly tobacco touching a person’s
mouth, lips, and throat tissues. 2)cancer of the colon and rectum-usually develops in the lowest part of the colon, near the
rectum. Can block colon, causing bleeding. 3)reproductive cancer-breast cancer in women, and prostate cancer in men
4)leukemia-cancer of the blood forming tissue in the bone marrow. Immature white blood cells multiply too rapidy and
crowd out mature white cells. Weakens body’s immune system.
CAUTION: C-change in bowel habit A-a sore that does not heal U-unusual bleeding or discharge T-thickening or a lump in
the breast or elsewhere I-indigestion or difficulty swallowing O-obvious change in wart or mole N-nagging cough or
hoarseness
3 Cancer Treatments: 1)surgery 2)radiation 3)chemotherapy