Download BIOLOGY20SOL20REVIEW20SHEET2020131

BIOLOGY SOL REVIEW SHEET
DIRECTIONS:
These questions were written directly from the biology SOL’s and should
provide a solid review. Each set of questions has the date they are assigned
and will be due the next block. The review sheet is worth 110 points total (10
points each day!). Put your answers on a separate sheet of paper. The Biology SOL is
scheduled for May 21 (Tuesday) . THIS IS PART OF YOUR HOMEWORK FOR THE NEXT
4 WEEKS.
THESE ARE THE DATES OF YOUR HOMEWORK. THEY ARE
DUE THE NEXT BLOCK!! NO LATE QUESTIONS WILL BE
ACCEPTED!!!!!!!! IF YOU LOSE THIS SHEET, IT IS POSTED ON THE CLASS
WEBSITE. YOU MUST ANSWER ALL OF THE QUESTIONS FOR EACH NUMBER.
SET #1-April 10 (A), 11 (B)
1. How can you identify the independent variable in an experiment? Dependent variable?
2. What is a control group and why do you need one in an experiment?
3. What is a constant?
4. Identify the independent, dependent variable, control group, and constants for the following
experiment:
Suzie Q wants to know the effect of different colors of light on the growth of plants. She
believes that plants can survive best in white light. She buys 5 ferns of the same species,
which are all approximately the same age and height. She places one in white light, one in blue
light, one in green light, one in red light and one in the closet. All of the ferns are planted in
Miracle-Grow and given 20 mL of water once a day for 2 weeks. After the two weeks, Suzie
observes the plants and makes measurements.
SET #2-April 12 (A), 15 (B)
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Why is water important to us? Give some properties of water (what can it do?).
Define polarity (polar molecule).
Why is water called the universal solvent?
What are the 4 groups organic compounds? (Chp. 6) What are the building blocks of proteins?
What are carbohydrates and lipids used for? What suffix/ending do most carbohydrates end
in? What suffix/ending do most enzymes end in?
10. What is an enzyme? What are the active site and the substrate?
SET #3-April 16 (A), 17 (B)
11. What are the equations for photosynthesis and respiration? How are they related?
12. Where in the cell does photosynthesis take place? Where does aerobic respiration take place?
13. What are the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? What kingdoms are each
found in?
14. List the functions of the following cell organelles: Endoplasmic reticulum, lysosome, golgi
bodies, ribosome, cell wall, chloroplast, and mitochondria
15. What is the fluid mosaic model? How does the cell membrane let material in and out of the
cell?
16. What is the cell membrane made of? What parts of the cell membrane are polar and nonpolar?
17. Define endocytosis & exocytosis. What is the difference between active and passive
transport?
SET #4-April 18 (A), 19 (B)
18. What is the cell theory (3 statements)? How did the microscope lead to the development of
the cell theory? Name the scientists that were involved in forming the theory and their
contributions to it.
19. Define aerobic and anaerobic respiration
20. Define & draw diagrams of hypotonic, hypertonic, isotonic. Explain what happens to a cell
when placed in each solution?
21. Define osmosis and diffusion.
SET #5-April 22 (A), 23 (B)
22. What is mitosis? Name the phases and what happens. Does the chromosome number stay the
same, reduced, or doubled?
23. What happens during interphase?
24. What is meiosis? How many rounds of cell division are there in meiosis? What happens to the
chromosome #? What kinds of cells are created through meiosis?
25. Define Haploid and Diploid. What is the chromosome # for human body cells and sex cells?
26. What is a zygote?
27. How does cancer relate to mitosis?
28. If an organism has 60 chromosomes in the body cells, how many chromosomes would be in the
gametes?
SET #6- April 24 (A), April 25 (B)
29. Who is Gregor Mendel? Define the law of independent assortment and law of segregation.
30. What is incomplete dominance and codominance? Give examples of each.
31. What is a Punnett square? Define dominant, recessive, heterozygous, homozygous. Do a
monohybrid cross (punnett square) using a heterozygous parent & a homozygous recessive
parent? Include genotypic and phenotypic ratios, percent, and fractions.
32. Do a dihybrid cross. Tall is dominant over short and Freckles are dominant over no freckles.
Cross a Heterozygous Tall, no freckles female with a Short, Homozygous Dominant Freckled
male.
SET #7- April 26 (A), April 29 (B)
33. Who developed the current model of the structure of DNA? Name the three molecules that
make up a nucleotide.
34. What is transcription? Where does it take place and what does it produce?
35. What is translation? Where does it occur and what does it produce?
36. What are the four nitrogen bases found in DNA? Which ones pair up? Which ones are in
RNA? Which ones pair up? What are the 3 main differences between DNA and RNA?
37. What is recombinant DNA? What are some uses for recombinant DNA? What is a restriction
enzyme?
38. What is cloning and DNA fingerprinting? How can you tell if someone is related when using a
DNA fingerprint?
Set # 8- April 30 (A), May 1 (B)
39. What was the idea of spontaneous origin and primordial soup? Define natural selection.
40. Who was Charles Darwin, and what did his theory of evolution state? What was Lamarck’s
theory of acquired characteristics?
41. What is biogenesis?
42. What are homologous and vestigial structures? Give examples.
43. What is an adaptation?
44. Why is genetic variation beneficial to a species?
45. Define punctuated equilibrium and geographic isolation.
Set #9- May 2 (A), 3 (B)
46. What are carrying capacities, limiting factors, growth curves? (Think population)
47. What is a food chain and a food web? Know how to read one. What happens to the population
#, energy, and biomass as you move through a food chain? Which level has the highest # and
which has the lowest #?
48. Define consumer, producer, carnivore, omnivore, herbivore, heterotroph, and autotroph.
49. Diagram the Carbon cycle.
50. What is transpiration?
51. Define mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism. Give an example for all three symbiotic
relationships.
Set #10- May 6 (A), 7 (B)
52. What is binomial nomenclature and who came up with it?
53. How are organisms classified (classification system)?
54. List the 5 Kingdoms and tell whether or not each kingdom is 1. unicellular, multicellular or both,
2. prokaryotic or eukaryotic, 3. Autotrophs, heterotrophs or both, 4. Give an example of an
organism found in that kingdom.
55. What is a virus? Describe the lysogenic and lytic cycles.
56. What are Koch’s postulates?
Set #11- May 8 (A), 9 (B)
57. What are the two groups/domains of bacteria? Name the 3 shapes of bacteria.
58. What are antibiotics and what does it mean by antibiotic resistance?
59. What are the differences between monocots and dicots? What are the female parts of a
flower (2)? Male parts (2)?
60. List the main characteristics for the following groups of Vertebrates: Fish, Amphibians,
Reptiles, Birds, and Mammals
61. What is a dichotomous key? How do you use one?