Download Biology 2nd QTR EQT Review To which group does an organism

Biology 2nd QTR EQT Review
1. To which group does an
organism with the
following characteristics
belong?
2. A scientist is given several bacterial samples. Which characteristic can be used to classify the
bacteria as either Eubacteria or Archaebacteria in the six-kingdom classification system?
3. Which statement correctly describes the main difference between the five-kingdom and the
six-kingdom systems for classification?
4. List the kingdoms in the current six-kingdom classification.
5. Some biologists group Eubacteria and Archaebacteria together into which kingdom?
6. Which of these biological classification groups has the fewest members? (class, genus,
species, family)
7. To which group does an
 Eukaryotic
organism with the
 Multicellular
following characteristics
 Cell Wall
belong?
 Responsible for
decay
8. Which classification level contains the MOST diversity among its members?
9.
At what level do the blue
whale and ferret
diverge?
10. Four students record data in a
chart comparing mammals and
reptiles. Which student has
correctly classified the two
classes of animals?
11. Which of the following is a characteristic of all vertebrates?
12. A certain beetle closely resembles a stinging wasp and lives in the same eco system. This
adaptation is an example of what?
13. Study the two animals below.
The hoverfly and the wasp have similar
coloration and physical characteristics.
However, only the wasp can defend itself by
stinging potential predators. Which type of
protective adaptation is demonstrated by the
hoverfly?
14. Which example BEST describes mimicry?
a. moving to a new location to obtain food
b. appearing to look like a different animal
c. catching prey with sharp teeth
d. keeping warm with thick fur
Which characteristic is used to place the shark and the moray
15. Study the two animals
eel into two different taxonomic classes?
below.
16. Organisms with traits well suited to their environment survive and reproduce at a greater rate
than organisms that are less well adapted in the same environment. This is known as what?
17. What is the term for a group of organisms of one type living in the same place?
A. biosphere
C. ecosystem
B. population
D. environment
18. During normal mitotic cell division, a parent cell having four chromosomes will produce two
daughter cells, each containing how many chromosomes?
A. two
C. four
B. eight
D. sixteen
19. Refer to the diagram below. Which statements about cell division are correct?
1. Mitosis leads to variation in species.
2. Meiosis leads to variation in a species.
3. Mitosis produces haploid cells used in reproduction.
4. Meiosis produces haploid cells used in
reproduction.
20. The illustration below is a stage of mitosis. The cell in the diagram below is in which stage?
21. Red blood cells carry oxygen to the body during respiration and typically have a lifespan of
four months. What is the role of mitosis during respiration?
A. It allows cells to absorb oxygen from the air.
C. It helps replace cells that are destroyed
or damaged.
It causes cells to release oxygen to the body.
D. It produces molecules needed to maintain
cell structures.
22. What is the name of the process necessary for reproduction, growth, and repair of cells?
23. Using the information you have learned about cell reproduction, infer the answer to the
question about a cell with a diploid number of 4 chromosomes. Select from among the
diagrams below, labeled A, B, C, D, and E, to answer the question. Which of the diagrams
depicts a cell at the end of mitosis?
24. What is the name of the process by which gametes of animals are formed?
25. If an organism’s diploid number is 12, what is its haploid number?
26. Meiosis of a male diploid cell results in four haploid sperm. How many haploid eggs result
from meiosis of a female diploid cell?
27. How many chromosomes are in the body cells of an organism that has a haploid number of 8?
28. What are the first three phases of the cell cycle collectively known as?
29. What is the phase of mitosis that is characterized by the arrangement of all chromosomes
along the equator of the cell called?
30. What does production of offsprings genetically identical to the parent plant result from?
31. What is the expected phenotypic ratio resulting from a homozygous dominant x heterozygous
monohybrid cross?
32. What is the expected genotypic ratio resulting from a heterozygous x heterozygous
monohybrid cross?
33. In humans, having freckles (F) is dominant to not having freckles (f). The inheritance of these
traits can be studied using a Punnett square similar to the one shown below. What genotype
does the child in box 3 have?
34. In humans, having freckles (F) is dominant to not having freckles (f). The inheritance of these
traits can be studied using a Punnett square similar to the one shown below. Which box in the
Punnett square represents a child who does not have freckles?
35. In humans, having freckles (F) is dominant to not having freckles (f). The inheritance of these
traits can be studied using a Punnett square similar to the one shown below. The parents
shown in the Punnett square could have children with what phenotype ratio?
36. In humans, having freckles (F) is dominant to not having freckles (f). The inheritance of these
traits can be studied using a Punnett square similar to the one shown below. The child
represented in box 1 in the Punnett square would have what trait?
37. What is the scientific study of heredity called?
38. What is the passing of traits from parents to offspring called?
39. If an individual possesses two recessive alleles for the same trait, the individual is said to be
what?
40. Refer to the illustration below. What is the device shown, which is used to determine the
probable outcome of genetic crosses, called?
41. Blood type in humans is controlled by three alleles, designated as IA, IB, (both dominant
alleles), and i (recessive allele). Genotypes for each of the four possible blood types are
shown in the table.
A man with blood type A, whose mother was type O, has a child with a woman that has type
AB blood. Which types are possible in their children?
42. Brown eye color is dominant to blue eye color. A heterozygous brown-eyed father and a blueeyed mother have four children. Which statement BEST describes the children’s predicted
phenotype(s)?
A. 50% of the children will have brown eyes, and 50% will have blue eyes.
B. 75% of the children will have brown eyes, and 25% will have blue eyes.
C. 75% of the children will have blue eyes, and 25% will have brown eyes.
D. 100% of the children will have brown eyes.
43. In rabbits, black fur (B) is dominant to brown fur (b). Consider the following cross between
two rabbits. What percentage of the offspring would be black?
44. Why is colorblindness more common in males than in females?
I. fathers pass the allele for colorblindness to their sons only
I. the allele for colorblindness is located on the Y chromosome
II. the allele for colorblindness is recessive and located on the X chromosome
III. males who are colorblind have two copies of the allele for colorblindness
45. Egyptian Mau cats are genetically crossed for certain lengths of fur. A breeder knows that
short hair is dominant over long hair. If 75% of the kittens are born with short hair, what are
the parents’ MOST LIKELY genotypes?
A. The female is a heterozygous shorthair cat and the male is a homozygous shorthair cat.
B. The female is a heterozygous shorthair cat, and the male is a homozygous longhair cat.
C. The female is a heterozygous shorthair cat, and the male is a heterozygous short hair cat.
D. The female is a homozygous shorthair cat, and the male is a homozygous longhair cat.
46. Hemophilia is a recessive disorder (Xh) that is sex-linked and occurs on the X gene. Which
offspring will likely develop hemophilia?
47. Normal human males develop from fertilized eggs containing the combination of which sex
chromosomes?
What is 48.
th The point at which two chromatids are attached to each other in a chromosome called?
49. What strand of DNA was transcribed to produce this strand of mRNA: CUCAAGUGCUUC?
50. Use the strand of an mRNA shown here to answer the following question: What are the
anticodons for the codons in the mRNA below?
mRNA: CUC-AAG-UGC-UUC
51. Use the diagram below of a strand of an mRNA and the genetic code shown there to answer
the following question:
mRNA: CUC-AAG-UGC-UUC
What is the portion of the protein molecule coded for by the piece of mRNA shown in the
diagram?
Genetic Code:
52. Transcription is the process by which genetic information encoded in DNA is transferred to
what type of molecule?
53. What are the enzymes that unwind DNA called?
A. double helixes
C. forks
B. DNA helicases
D. phages
54. Guanine typically occurs in the same amount as what other nitrogen base within an organism?
55. RNA is chemically similar to DNA except that its sugars have an additional oxygen atom, and
the base thymine is replaced by a structurally similar base called what?
56. Of the four nitrogen bases in DNA, which two are purines and which two are pyrimidines,
respectively?
57. What is a change in a gene due to damage or being copied incorrectly called?
58. What are the three components of a nucleotide?
59. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is named for which part of its nucleotides?
60. Which student correctly identified possible percentages of nucleotide bases that could be
present in a complete sample of DNA?
61. During transcription, the genetic information for making a protein is “rewritten” as what RNA
molecule?
62. What is each nucleotide triplet in mRNA that specifies a particular amino acid called?
63. What describes a function of proteins in living organisms?
A. They transmit genetic information.
C. They serve as building blocks for RNA.
B. They serve as enzymatic catalysts.
D. They store ATP.
64. Which is a characteristic of RNA, but NOT of DNA?
A. it replicates itself
C. it transports proteins
B. it carries genetic information
D. it transports amino acids
What
is
Linnaeus’s
two-word
system
for
naming
organisms called?
65.
66. Protista is an example of which of the seven major taxons?
67. Similar genera are grouped into which of the seven major taxons?
68. In the modern classification system, the largest division that a group of organisms can belong
to is what?
69. At which taxonomic level do the baboons Papio annubis and Papio cynocephalus differ?
70. The second part of a scientific name is unique to which taxon?
71. Two organisms in the same order will also have to be in which other taxons?
72. Refer to the illustration below. An analysis of DNA from these organisms would indicate what
about their nucleotide sequence?
A. they have identical DNA
B. they have no similar nucleotide sequences
C. their nucleotide sequences show many similarities
D. they all have the same number of chromosomes
According
to Darwin, evolution occurs because of what process?
73.
74. What do homologous structures in organisms suggest about the ancestry of organisms?
What do ho
75. Organisms with traits well suited to their environment survive and reproduce at a greater rate
than organisms that are less well adapted in the same environment. This is known as what?
76. Structures that are often reduced in size and no longer serve an important function as they did
in the ancestors of the organism are known as what?
77.
78.
79.
80.
81.
82.
83.