Download What is Green IT? The Science & The Challenge Autumn/Winter 2011

What is Green IT?
The Science & The Challenge
Autumn/Winter 2011
02
The Science
BCS Green IT/DCSG Branch
Presentations 2011/12 John Booth
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The Problem
Anthropromorphic Global Warming. (AGW)
Global warming caused by Humans!
Lots of debate on both sides.
Interpreted Data under attack.
The probable results will be the melting of the ice
sheets in Greenland & Antarctica with associated sea
level rise.
Current Weather patterns could change.
Humanity must reduce levels of Greenhouse Gases
released into the atmosphere soon to prevent or
lessen effects.
“My Lords, the most reliable measurements
we have of CO2 in the atmosphere are
those of the Mauna Loa observatory in
Hawaii. As of February 2011, those
showed levels of CO2 to be still rising. It is
up to 391.76 parts per million, compared
with 389.85 parts per million last year. Not
only are those rising, they are increasing at
an accelerating rate from decade to
decade. Because, as collective humanity,
we are doing so little to change the
situation, it is now unlikely that we will be
able to confine global warming to an
average to two degrees Celsius-as noble
Lords will remember, the limit that most
scientists regard as reducing risk to
reasonably manageable dimensions.”
Lord Giddens
Director, L.S.E House of Lords 24/3/11
BCS Green IT/DCSG Branch
Presentations 2011/12 John Booth
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The Greenhouse Gases
The Gases
DGWP* for 100 year horizon
Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
1
Methane (CH4)
25
Nitrous Oxide (N2O)
298
Hydrofluorocarbons (HFC’s)
100-14,800 depending on gas
Perfluorocarbons (PFC’s)
7390-12,200 depending on gas
Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6)
22,800
Ref: P27, “Climate Change, From science to sustainability”. Peake & Smith 2003
Oxford University Press/Open University
*Direct Global Warming Potential
BCS Green IT/DCSG Branch
Presentations 2011/12 John Booth
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The “Hockey Stick” Graph
BCS Green IT/DCSG Branch
Presentations 2011/12 John Booth
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Climate Change Quotes
• “On the island where I live, it is possible to throw a
stone from one side to the other. Our fears about
sea-level rise are very real. Our Cabinet has been
exploring the possibility of buying land in a nearby
country in case we become refugees of climate
change”. Teleke Lauti, Minister for the Environment,
Tuvalu.
• “Climate change is the most severe problem we are
facing today, more serious even than the threat of
terrorism” David King, UK Government Chief
Scientific Advisor, Jan 2004.
• “How could I look my grandchildren in the eye and
say I knew about this and did nothing? David
Attenborough, 2006.
BCS Green IT/DCSG Branch
Presentations 2011/12 John Booth
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Sea Level Rise - UK
BCS Green IT/DCSG Branch
Presentations 2011/12 John Booth
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The 1st Elephant (Mammoth)
• A massive reduction in grasslands and the spread of forests may have been the primary
cause of the decline of mammals such as the woolly mammoth, woolly rhino and cave
lion, according to Durham University scientists.
• The findings of the new study challenge the theory that human beings were the primary
cause of the extinction of mammals through hunting, competition for land and increased
pressure on habitats.
• The research is part of the most comprehensive study to date of Northern Hemisphere
climate and vegetation during and after the height of the last Ice Age, 21,000 years ago. It
shows that, over a huge part of the Earth’s surface, there was a massive decline in the
productivity and extent of grasslands due to climatic warming and the spread of forests.
• Last Glacial Vegetation of Northern Eurasia. Allen, Judy R.M. et al., Quaternary Science
Reviews doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2010.05.031.
BCS Green IT/DCSG Branch
Presentations 2011/12 John Booth
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The 1st Elephant (Mammoth)
BCS Green IT/DCSG Branch
Presentations 2011/12 John Booth
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03
The Challenge
BCS Green IT/DCSG Branch
Presentations 2011/12 John Booth
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What is the challenge?
• The UK Carbon Reduction Targets.
• The Energy Gap.
• Maintaining BAU
• GHG Protocol Scopes
BCS Green IT/DCSG Branch
Presentations 2011/12 John Booth
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Current UK Reduction Target &
Policy Tools
• Net UK Carbon Account 80% of 1990 baseline by 2050
• 1990 baseline 3900 MtCO2e
• Latest Carbon Budget – 2023-2027 set at 1750 MtCO2e (50% Reduction) (8/6/11)
Target = 780MtCO2e
The Tools
• Carbon Reduction Commitment (Energy Efficiency Scheme)
• Large Combustion Plant Directive (LCPD)
• NI 185/186 (LA’s CRC)
• FIT’s (Feed In Tariffs) for renewables
• Growth of Wind (NIMBYism)
• New Nukes (Long Lead Times)
• Infrastructure Smart Grid (for renewables)
BCS Green IT/DCSG Branch
Presentations 2011/12 John Booth
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The 2nd Elephant (in the room)
BCS Green IT/DCSG Branch
Presentations 2011/12 John Booth
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The Energy Gap
• Energy Gap
– 8 UK Nuclear PS’s Decommissioned by 2023 (20% of Capacity!)
– Large Combustion Plant Directive Restricts Coal Fired to 7000hours
– UK Energy Planning, Too Little, Too Late
– Black-Outs/Rationing from 2015?
Energy Costs Rise !
BCS Green IT/DCSG Branch
Presentations 2011/12 John Booth
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Maintaining BAU
Pace of Change
Vicious Circle of IT
Software – Hardware – Software – Hardware etc
Threat of the Cloud
Device independence (User Owned?)
Loss of Control
Who pays for your IT energy?
Facilities?
You?
BCS Green IT/DCSG Branch
Presentations 2011/12 John Booth
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Be Prepared!
For MD/CEO/CIO/Finance/ Facilities scrutiny
For radical change
Calculate Energy Costs for IT
Evaluate your CMDB (Asset Register)
Review IT Governance (Green IT Governance)
Review DR & Data Management Policy
Develop Internal Cloud
Think Lean, Think Lean IT
Budget Contraints
Nothing will be off the table when it comes to IT.
BCS Green IT/DCSG Branch
Presentations 2011/12 John Booth
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GHG Protocol Scopes
• The GHG Protocol defines direct and indirect emissions as follows:
• Direct GHG emissions are emissions from sources that are owned or controlled by the
reporting entity.
• Indirect GHG emissions are emissions that are a consequence of the activities of the
reporting entity, but occur at sources owned or controlled by another entity.
• The GHG Protocol further categorizes these direct and indirect emissions into three
broad scopes:
• Scope 1: All direct GHG emissions.
• Scope 2: Indirect GHG emissions from consumption of purchased electricity, heat or
steam.
• Scope 3: Other indirect emissions, such as the extraction and production of purchased
materials and fuels, transport-related activities in vehicles not owned or controlled by the
reporting entity, electricity-related activities (e.g. T&D losses) not covered in Scope 2,
outsourced activities, waste disposal, etc.
BCS Green IT/DCSG Branch
Presentations 2011/12 John Booth
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Now a short break...
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Presentations 2011/12 John Booth
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