* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Before Monkey
Survey
Document related concepts
Sexual selection wikipedia , lookup
Unilineal evolution wikipedia , lookup
Acceptance of evolution by religious groups wikipedia , lookup
Punctuated equilibrium wikipedia , lookup
Catholic Church and evolution wikipedia , lookup
Transitional fossil wikipedia , lookup
Paleontology wikipedia , lookup
Evolutionary history of life wikipedia , lookup
Hologenome theory of evolution wikipedia , lookup
Genetics and the Origin of Species wikipedia , lookup
Theistic evolution wikipedia , lookup
Transcript
Evolution: Isn't Evolution Just a Theory? Carolus Linnaeus, 1735 _______________ 2nd to classify organisms based on traits their _________ Georges Buffon, 1749 _______________ Erasmus Darwin, 1749 Jean-Baptiste Lamarck, 1809 _______________ _______________ Proposed that species shared ancestors ________________ Proposed that more complex life forms less arose from _______ complex life forms Proposed that changes in an environment caused changes in organisms ________________ CATASTROPHISM GRADUALISM UNIFORMITARIANISM CATASTROPHISM Georges Cuvier Theory proposed by _______________________. Natural disasters States that ______________________________ such as ___________ and floods volcanic eruptions _______________________________ have landforms shaped ________________ and caused species to become ___________________ in the process. extinct GRADUALISM James Hutton Theory proposed by ______________________. States that the changes in landfoms resulted from slow changes ___________________ that had occurred over a long period of time. UNIFORMITARIANISM Theory proposed by ______________________. Charles Lyell States that the changes in geologic processes that shape the Earth are uniform through time. The changes have happened in the past and _________________________________________ are ONGOING! _________________________________________ TYPES OF FEET TYPES OF BEAKS WEBBED FISH CLAWED PADDED HOOVED NUTS INSECTS FISH COLORATION BODY FAT AND THICK FUR SPECIAL CHARACTERISTICS ADAPTATION ACTIVITY _______________________ _______________________ 1. It survives _______________ 2. It passes on his traits _______________________ 1. It survives _______________ 2. It passes on its traits _______________________ _____________________________ Principles of NS ____________________ Natural Selection-- ______________________________________ process in which something in nature does the selecting of what will survive and ___________________________________________________________ what will not survive. ___________________________________________________________ PREDATORS ____________________________ WEATHER CONDITIONS _________________________________________ RESOURCE SHORTAGES _______________________________________________ DISEASE ____________________________ Adaptations = traits ______________________________ Traits = genes ______________________________ Adaptations = genes ______________________________ 1. A CHANGE IN THE DNA CODE __________________________________ _______________________________________ 2. ARE NATURAL EVENTS ______________________________________________________ 3. CAN BE A SOURCE FOR NEW TRAITS ______________________________________________________ 4. THESE NEW TRAITS CAN BE ADAPTATIONS BECAUSE THEY MIGHT HELP THE ______________________________________________________ ORGANISM SURVIVE IN ITS ENVIRONMENT ______________________________________________________ BROWN COAT TO WHITE COAT BROWN COAT TO WHITE COAT __________________ __________________ The white deer is more easily seen by predators. It will most likely not survive and reproduce. The brown rabbit is more easily seen by predators. It will most likely not survive and reproduce. Species – A group of living things that can breed _______________________________________________________ with others of the same species and _______________________________________________________ form ‘FERTILE’ offspring. _______________________________________________________ Fertile – being able to reproduce by ________________________________________ forming egg or sperm cells ________________________________________ New species are formed by: 1. Animals within the same species are_________ separated by a__________________________ barrier, (water, mountains, etc). a. They_________ live apart for thousands of years with different living conditions. _____________________ 2. _______________ Natural selection takes place within the two separate regions. 3. Individuals with the desirable traits for their specific environment _____________________ survive and reproduce. 4. Over time the two groups can become different species as they develop different adaptations. _________ 1. Seed Eaters 2. Plant Eaters 3. Insect Eaters 4. Cactus Eaters _______________________________________________________ HUMANS COME FROM MONKEYS NEW WORLD MONKEYS OLD WORLD MONKEYS •Have tails •Some have tails •Nostrils Point Upwards •Nostrils Point Downwards Hamadryas baboon (Africa) Prehensile tails (spider monkeys) Howler Monkey Patas monkey (Africa) APES •No tails Congo Gorilla PRIMATE EVOLUTION “Before Monkey” PROSIMIANS NEW WORLD MONKEYS OLD WORLD MONKEYS APES HUMANS 40 MILLION 30 MILLION 10 MILLION APES AUSTRALOPITHECUS HOMO HABILIS Walked upright, very short. “Lucy” _____________________________________ Used tools, somewhat taller. Lived in Africa _____________________________________ HOMO ERECTUS _____________________________________ Lived in Europe. Continental drift? HOMO SAPIEN 10 MILLION YEARS AGO Neanderthal __________________________________ HOMO SAPIEN SAPIEN__________________________ Cave Drawings, This is us! Ardi Did humans evolve? What do the differences in the skull suggest? ____________________________ ____________________________ ____________________________ ____________________________ Virtual lab – Hominoid skulls Hominid Skulls C Acurate measurements are taken to compare fossils. •A line is drawn over the eye socket from front to back of skull •A line is drawn under the eye socket from front to back of skull •A line is drawn from the highest point on the top of skull to lower line. B A Supraorbital index : Using a metric ruler, 1. Multiply the value of BC by 100 ____ 2. Divide the result by AC ____ Size of Brain / Intelligence What is the supraorbital index measuring? _____________________________ PRIMATE EVOLUTION “Before Monkey” PROSIMIANS NEW WORLD MONKEYS OLD WORLD MONKEYS APES HUMANS 40 MILLION 30 MILLION 10 MILLION Complex Organisms 1. Remains of ____________________ once-living ____________________ things ____________________ Newest Layer of Rock 2. Found in earth’s ____________________ crust within ____________________ sedimentary ____________________ rock ____________________ Oldest Layer of Rock Simple Organisms __Body Comparisons__ ___Fossils______________________________________________________ __Embryos_____________________ Shows common traits in organisms which determine relationships/evolution 1. Body Structure ______________________________ a. Bones: (Number of bones, Length of bones, etc) _________________________________________ b. Skulls: (Size of, Position of, Similarities of, etc) _________________________________________ 2. Body Chemistry _______________________________ ______________ a. DNA __________ b. Blood Structure of organisms Skulls of fossil Hominidae Australopithecus robustus Evolution from different CLASSES ______________ of animals Homo habilis & H. sapiens Homo erectus Homo sapiens neanderthalis Evolution within same ORDER _______________ of animals 1. The study of ____________________ embryos ____________________ ____________________ 2. Show common ancestry ____________________ 3. Show common ____________________ traits ____________________ Which one is human? How does evolution work VESTIGIAL STRUCTURE - body part that no longer has a function appendix and pink lump in eye of humans Naturalist 1. English __________________ who wrote the Origin of the Species __________________________ 2. Developed the Theory of Evolution ___________________________ 3. Stated that evolution is a change _______________ in the hereditary features ______________ ______________ of a group of organisms over time. Controversy Charles Darwin traveled on the HMS Beagle from England to the ______________ Galapagos ______________ Islands It is on these islands that Darwin made his observations and compiled evidence of the ______________ evolutionary ______________ process. ______________ Variation 1. _______________________: the difference in the physical traits of an individual from those of other individuals in the group to which it belongs. Interspecific Variation ________________________: Variation that occurs among members of different species Intraspecific Variation Variation that occurs among ________________________: individuals of the same species. Adaptation 2. _______________________: The feature(s) that allow an organism to better survive in its environment. Adaptations can lead to genetic change in a Population over time _______________________________________. 1. LIVING THINGS OVERPRODUCE ____________________________________________ 2. THERE IS VARIATION AMONG OFFSPRING ____________________________________________ 3. THERE IS A STRUGGLE TO SURVIVE 4. NATURAL SELECTION IS ALWAYS TAKING ___________________________________________ ____________________________________________ PLACE __________________ Evolution: Why Does Evolution Matter Now? 1. COMPETITION: __struggle among living things to get their needs______________________________ 2. EVOLUTION : _change in hereditary features in a group of organisms over time_________________ 3. EXTINCT : _life-form that no longer exists_____________________________________________ 4. FERTILE : ___can produce viable egg and sperm___________________________________ 5. FOSSIL : __remains of once living things from the past_____________________________________ 6. NATURAL SELECTION _something in a living thing’s surroundings will determine if it will survive__ 7. NEW-WORLD MONKEY _tails that can grasp and nostrils that open upward__________________ 8. OLD-WORLD MONKEY __cannot grasp with tails and have downward nostrils_________________ 9. OPPOSABLE THUMB: _thumb that is positioned opposite of other fingers_________________ 10. PRIMATE: _have eyes that face forward and thumbs that grasp_____________________________ 11. SEDIMENTARY ROCK: _form from mud, sand and other fine particles___________________________ 12. SPECIES: __group of living things that can produce fertile offspring__________________________ 13. VARIATION: _a trait that makes an individual different from others of its species________________ 14. VESTIGIAL STRUCTURE: _body part that no longer has a function appendix and pink lump in eye of humans