Download Natural selection and evolution

Natural selection and
evolution
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1. A paleontologist is comparing the
fossilized remains of two primates. Both
animals had a prehensile tail. What can be
concluded from this evidence?
A They were not related.
B They lived on the ground.
C They evolved from a common
ancestor.
D They had bipedal locomotion.
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1. A paleontologist is comparing the
fossilized remains of two primates. Both
animals had a prehensile tail. What can be
concluded from this evidence?
A They were not related.
B They lived on the ground.
C They evolved from a common
ancestor.
D They had bipedal locomotion.
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2. Variation within species was important to
the development of Darwin’s theory of
evolution. Which statement does individual
variation help explain?
A Resources become limited over long
periods of time.
B Populations often increase rapidly and
without warning.
C Competition is fierce among members of
different species.
D Some organisms survive and reproduce
better than others.
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2. Variation within species was important to the
development of Darwin’s theory of evolution. Which
statement does individual variation help explain?
A Resources become limited over long
periods of time.
B Populations often increase rapidly
and without warning.
C Competition is fierce among
members of different species.
D Some organisms survive and
reproduce better than others.
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3. Variety within a species is most likely to
result from which situation?
A severe weather conditions that might
occur, such as hurricanes or blizzards
B adaptation to local environmental
characteristics by isolated populations
of the species
C the extinction of competing species
over a broad range of habitats
D sex-specific coloring differences
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3. Variety within a species is most likely to
result from which situation?
A severe weather conditions that might
occur, such as hurricanes or blizzards
B adaptation to local environmental
characteristics by isolated populations
of the species
C the extinction of competing species over a
broad range of habitats
D sex-specific coloring differences
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4. Which could be considered biochemical
evidence of an evolutionary relationship?
A absence of vestigial structures
B presence of embryonic gill slits
C similar anatomical structures
D presence of identical proteins
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4. Which could be considered biochemical
evidence of an evolutionary relationship?
A absence of vestigial structures
B presence of embryonic gill slits
C similar anatomical structures
D presence of identical proteins
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5. Which is the best evidence of an
evolutionary relationship between two
organisms?
A similarity in behavior
B similarity in DNA
C similarity in habitat
D similarity in niche
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5. Which is the best evidence of an
evolutionary relationship between two
organisms?
A similarity in behavior
B similarity in DNA
C similarity in habitat
D similarity in niche
6. Birds, butterflies, bats, and insects all
have wings. What accounts for the
fact that these different animals have
all developed wings?
a. The animals’ ancestors figured out a way
to get food more easily.
b. Each animal’s wings were a successful
adaptation to the animal’s environment.
c. These animals evolved from the same
winged ancestor.
d. These animals are becoming the same
species.
6. Birds, butterflies, bats, and insects all
have wings. What accounts for the
fact that these different animals have
all developed wings?
a. The animals’ ancestors figured out a way
to get food more easily.
b. Each animal’s wings were a successful
adaptation to the animal’s environment.
c. These animals evolved from the same
winged ancestor.
d. These animals are becoming the same
species.
7. The predictable physical changes that
occur during the lifetime of an animal
are due to which of the following?
a. Different sets of genes are active at
various stages of life.
b. Natural selection of new traits occurs
during an animal’s life
c. Each gene can produce multiple traits in
an animal.
d. New genes evolve in an animal over its
lifetime.
7. The predictable physical changes that
occur during the lifetime of an animal
are due to which of the following?
a. Different sets of genes are active at
various stages of life.
b. Natural selection of new traits occurs
during an animal’s life
c. Each gene can produce multiple traits in
an animal.
d. New genes evolve in an animal over its
lifetime.
8. While visiting Madagascar, Charles Darwin discovered
an orchid with petals so long that only a creature
with a 25 cm tongue could reach the nectar inside.
He predicted the existence of a species of moth
with such a tongue. The moth was discovered
several decades later.
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Which of the following describes the relationship
between the orchid and the moth?
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a. autotrophism
c. coevolution
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b. convergent evolution
d. parasitism
8. While visiting Madagascar, Charles Darwin discovered
an orchid with petals so long that only a creature
with a 25 cm tongue could reach the nectar inside.
He predicted the existence of a species of moth with
such a tongue. The moth was discovered several
decades later.
 Which of the following describes the relationship
between the orchid and the moth?
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a. autotrophism
b. convergent evolution
c. coevolution
d. parasitism
9. During the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries,
the Hessian fly repeatedly wiped out wheat crops
in the US. Eventually, scientists developed a strain
of wheat that made a toxin that repelled the
Hessian fly. What most likely happened to the
Hessian fly population after farmers began growing
the new strain of wheat?
a. The Hessian fly population went extinct.
b. A new species evolved out of the Hessian fly population.
c. A trait for toxin resistance spread through the Hessian fly
population.
d. The Hessian fly population fell swiftly and stayed low.
9. During the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries,
the Hessian fly repeatedly wiped out wheat crops in
the US. Eventually, scientists developed a strain of
wheat that made a toxin that repelled the Hessian fly.
What most likely happened to the Hessian fly
population after farmers began growing the new strain
of wheat?
a. The Hessian fly population went extinct.
b. A new species evolved out of the Hessian fly population.
c. A trait for toxin resistance spread through the Hessian fly
population.
d. The Hessian fly population fell swiftly and stayed low.
10. Why can a population evolve but an
individual cannot?
a. An individual has only one gene pool.
b. An individual’s genotype changes during
its lifetime.
c. An individual’s genotype is fixed at the
time of fertilization
d. An individual cannot pass changes in its
genes to offspring.
10. Why can a population evolve but an
individual cannot?
a. An individual has only one gene pool.
b. An individual’s genotype changes during
its lifetime.
c. An individual’s genotype is fixed at the
time of fertilization
d. An individual cannot pass changes in its
genes to offspring.
11. Which of the following allows a
species of bacteria to increase its
resistance to antibiotics?
a. Binary fission
b. independent assortment
c. Gel electrophoresis
d. genetic variation
11. Which of the following allows a
species of bacteria to increase its
resistance to antibiotics?
a. Binary fission
b. independent assortment
c. Gel electrophoresis
d. genetic variation
12. Genetic recombination is one source
of variation in organisms. What is
another source of genetic variation?
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a. Adaptation
b. Isolation
c. colonization
d. mutation
12. Genetic recombination is one source
of variation in organisms. What is
another source of genetic variation?
– a. Adaptation
– b. Isolation
– c. colonization
– d. mutation
13. Within a decade of the introduction of a new
insecticide, nearly all of the descendants of the target
pests were immune to the usual-sized dose. The most
likely explanation for this immunity to the insecticide is
that _____.
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a. eating the insecticide caused the bugs to become
resistant to it
b. eating the insecticide caused the bugs to become
less resistant to it
c. it destroyed organisms that cause disease in the
insects, thus allowing them to live longer
d. the pests developed physiological adaptations to
the insecticide
13. Within a decade of the introduction of a new
insecticide, nearly all of the descendants of the target
pests were immune to the usual-sized dose. The
most likely explanation for this immunity to the
insecticide is that _____.
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a. eating the insecticide caused the bugs to become
resistant to it
b. eating the insecticide caused the bugs to become
less resistant to it
c. it destroyed organisms that cause disease in the
insects, thus allowing them to live longer
d. the pests developed physiological adaptations to
the insecticide
14. Natural selection can best be defined as the
_____.
 a. survival of the biggest and strongest
organisms in a population
 b. elimination of the smallest organisms by the
biggest organisms
 c. survival and reproduction of the organisms
that occupy the largest area
 d. survival and reproduction of the organisms
that are genetically best adapted to the
environment
14. Natural selection can best be defined as the
_____.
 a. survival of the biggest and strongest
organisms in a population
 b. elimination of the smallest organisms by the
biggest organisms
 c. survival and reproduction of the organisms
that occupy the largest area
 d. survival and reproduction of the organisms
that are genetically best adapted to the
environment
15. The founder of modern evolution
theory is considered to be _____.
 a. Charles Darwin
 b. Stephen Jay Gould
 c. Alexander Oparin
 d. Lynn Margulis
15. The founder of modern evolution
theory is considered to be _____.
 a. Charles Darwin
 b. Stephen Jay Gould
 c. Alexander Oparin
 d. Lynn Margulis
16. What type of adaptation is shown?
a.mimicry
 b.artificial selection
 c.camouflage
 d.homologous structure
16. What type of adaptation is shown?
a. mimicry
 b. artificial selection
 c. camouflage
 d. homologous structure
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17. Which of the following indicates a
biochemical similarity that gives evidence of
evolution?
A. The bone structure in the forelimbs of
mammals is the same.
B. The behavior of all primates is similar.
C All organisms use the same DNA base pairs.
D. The ability to camouflage is found in most
insects.
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17. Which of the following indicates a
biochemical similarity that gives evidence of
evolution?
A. The bone structure in the forelimbs of
mammals is the same.
B. The behavior of all primates is similar.
C All organisms use the same DNA base pairs.
D. The ability to camouflage is found in most
insects.
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18. The monarch butterfly is a poisonous
species that makes predatory birds sick. The
viceroybutterfly, a non-poisonous species, has
evolved to look like the monarch. This
adaptation is an example of _____________.
A. natural selection
B. mimicry
C. homology
D. camoulfage
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18. The monarch butterfly is a poisonous
species that makes predatory birds sick.
The viceroybutterfly, a non-poisonous
species, has evolved to look like the
monarch. This adaptation is an example of
_____________.
A. natural selection
B. mimicry
C. homology
D. camoulfage
19. The red fox and kit fox had a common
ancestor. The red fox lives in farmlands,
where its red color helps it blend in with
trees. The kit fox lives on the desert, where
its sandy colors helps it blend in. Both of
these foxes are exhibiting ____________.
a. mimicry
b. analogy
c. camouflage
d. vestigial
19. The red fox and kit fox had a common
ancestor. The red fox lives in farmlands,
where its red color helps it blend in with trees.
The kit fox lives on the desert, where its
sandy colors helps it blend in. Both of these
foxes are exhibiting ____________.
a. mimicry
b. analogy
c. camouflage
d. vestigial