Download Africa`s Engagement @COP 21 / CMP 11

BRIEFING OF AFRICAN GROUP OF AMBASSADORS
ON CLIMATE CHANGE NEGOTIATIONS IN
PREPARATION FOR TWENTY-FIRST
CONFERENCE OF PARTIES TO
UNITED NATIONS FRAMEWORK
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE
CHANGE (UNFCCC)
(COP 21)
AFRICAN UNION COMMISSION (AUC)
BRUSSELS, BELGIUM
27 OCTOBER 2015
Outline of Presentation
• Background
• Global Efforts and Responses
• Regional efforts in African Continent
• Preparations for COP 21 /CMP 11
• CAHOSCC Key Messages
• Status of Negotiations
• Africa’s Engagement @ COP 21 / CMP 11
• Conclusion
Background
Challenge and Vulnerability
• Climate Change is a global challenge.
• Africa is most vulnerable continent and
least adaptive capability.
• Great impacts on development in Africa GDP of most countries are dependent on
climate sensitive sectors such as:
 Agriculture, Livestock and fisheries,
Tourism and Energy.
• Africa contributes least Greenhouse Gases
(GHGs) but suffers most.
Adverse Impacts
• Adverse impacts of Climate Change.
• Manifestations through reduced or
variable precipitation, droughts and
flooding and the consequent disruption of
agricultural, energy and transport systems.
• Human security - Threats to :
 Food and Water supplies.
 Properties and
 Infrastructure Development.
IPCC Report – Africa by 2020: (1)
•
Water Resources - 75 and 250 million people
projected: increased water stress and variability,
pressures on water availability, water
accessibility and water demand.
•
Agriculture: Adversely affect food security and
exacerbate malnutrition, some countries - rainfed agriculture reduced by 50%, agricultural
production - severely compromised.
IPCC Report – Africa by 2020: (2)
•
Human health - e.g. malaria in southern Africa
and East African highlands.
•
Associated infrastructure losses - reduced hydrogeneration capacity.
•
Rise of conflicts - reduced access to natural
resources depend considerably for their lives and
livelihoods.
Global Efforts and Responses (1)
• 1992 - Climate Convention and its related
legal instruments established to:
 Stabilize Greenhouse Gas concentrations in the
atmosphere at a level that would prevent
dangerous anthropogenic interference with
climate system.
 Level to achieve within a time-frame sufficient to
allow ecosystems to adapt naturally to climate
change.
Global Efforts and Responses (2)
• 1992 - Climate Convention - Ensure food
production is not threatened and enable
economic development to proceed in a
sustainable manner.”
• Article 2 of UNFCCC seeks to control carbon
emissions and support sustainable
development.
Global Efforts and Responses (3)
• However, despite years of negotiations since
1992;
• Reports:
• Global warming worsened, eroding past efforts on
development
•
Search continues for an appropriate governance framework
 Capable of adequately controlling GHGs emissions
Generating new resources and investments in
adaptation and disaster risk reduction, and
ensuring development remains sustainable.
Regional Efforts in African Continent (1)
• African States have been Parties to the
United Nations Framework Convention on
Climate Change (UNFCCC) from its outset
• Developed several high-level continental,
sub-regional and national mechanisms to
enhance their implementation of the
Convention.
Regional Efforts in African Continent (2)
• African Union Summit Decisions (2009 –
2015)
• Instituted firm negotiating structure at
three tiers in climate governance
framework that is functional, capable of
controlling emissions in the climate system.
Regional Efforts in African Continent (3)
•
Committee of African Heads of State and
Government on Climate Change (CAHOSCC)

Reinforce African Common Position and its Key
Messages in global fora & negotiations leading to
Paris to get a good new Climate Change Agreement.
• African Ministerial Conference on
Environment (AMCEN).
• African Group of Negotiators on Climate
Change (AGN).
Keys Milestones in African Regional Efforts
•
•
•
•
Adopted a Decision and Declaration in January 2007
Summit and launched Climate for Development in
Africa (ClimDev-Africa) Programme.
June 2009 Sirte Summit adopted a Decision for AUC
to elaboration of Climate Change Strategy (draft
considered by AMCEN in March 2015 as work in
progress).
Malabo June 2014 Summit endorsed High Level
Work Programme on Climate Change Action in
Africa (WPCCAA) – Africa’s blueprint for Climate
Action.
June 2015 – preparation of two initiatives for Paris
Preparations for COP 21 / CMP 11 (1)
• 15th Session of AMCEN held in March 2015
in Cairo, Egypt– Decision on Climate
Change.
• AU Summits held in January and June 2015
in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia and Johannesburg,
South Africa adopted Decisions.
• 10 Project Proposals endorsed by ClimDevAfrica Steering Committee in April 2015
and fund disbursement commenced
immediately.
Preparations for COP 21 / CMP 11 (2)
• African countries presenting individual and
•
collective efforts on adaptation and mitigation
including the Intended Nationally Determined
Contributions (INDCs): High level Event on
Climate Change in June 2015 and prior to Paris
COP.
CAHOSCC on margins of UNGA -70, New York in
September 2015:


Adopted Key Political Messages.
Endorsed two Initiatives – African Renewable Energy
Initiative (AREI) and Adaptation and Loss and
Damage Initiative.
CAHOSCC Key Messages
African COP 17 known as Durban COP in 2011
launched a process to advance negotiations to meet
the mandate to adopt
“a protocol, another legal instrument or an agreed
outcome with legal force under the Convention
applicable to all parties,” which is to come into force
in 2020.
New Climate Change Agreement is to be adopted in
Paris at COP 21/CMP 11
Key issues for Africa @ COP 21 in Paris new
Climate Change Agreement (1)
• Be in accordance with Principles and
provisions of Convention, in particular the
Principles of common but differentiated
responsibilities and respective capabilities
(CBDR) and equity.
• Enhance the implementation of the
Convention and its annexes, to be
consistent with science and equity.
• Enhance a multilateral rules-based system
in a balanced and ambitious manner.
Key issues for Africa @ COP 21 in Paris new
Climate Change Agreement (2)
• Ensure balance in content and legality of
mitigation and adaptation activities, Means
of Implementation.
• Adaptation and mitigation should be given
equal prominence.
• Climate Finance -adequate funding for
developing countries for adaptation and
mitigation measures, including period
2015–2020.
Key issues for Africa @ COP 21 in Paris new
Climate Change Agreement (3)
• Affordable Technology Development and
Transfer.
• Capacity Building to ensure coherence and
coordination following adoption of new
Agreement in Paris in December 2015, and
in period beyond 2020, when new
agreement takes effect.
• Transparency - building trust in multilateral
system and Monitoring, Reporting and
Verification (MRV) of emissions and finance.
Key issues for Africa @ COP 21 in Paris new
Climate Change Agreement (4)
• Lima-Paris Action Agenda (LPAA) and
Intended Nationally Determined
Contributions (INDCs) on the various
climate actions of different regions and
countries on the various actions to be
presented at the Paris COP in December
2015.
Status of Negotiations
Status of Negotiations
• Key Messages
ADP 2-11 convened throughout last week in spin-off
groups to advance negotiations on specific sections
in the agreement and decision text, and in an openended contact group to take stock of progress and
discuss issues not addressed in spin-off groups.
Parties agreed to forward the revised non-paper, that
captured the work undertaken by parties at ADP 211, for further negotiations at COP 21
Africa’s Engagement @COP 21 / CMP 11
•
•
•
Date: 30 Nov – 11 Dec 2015.
Venue: Le Bourget, Paris, France.
Commences with Regional Group meetings:
 African Group convening: 25 – 26 Nov 2015.
• Set up a Preparatory Committee with AUC,
AfDB, UNECA and NEPAD (NPCA) to have an
African Pavilion in COP 21 / CMP 11 in Paris to:
 Support Africa’s participation.
 An Africa Day side event – 8 December 2015
(jointly organized by 4 institutions and
Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia).
African Pavilion @ COP 21 / CMP 11
• Jointly organized by 4 institutions established 4 Sub-Committees:
 Technical.
 Africa Day side event.
 Communication and
 Resource Mobilization)
• Mobilizing 1.5 million Euro - World Bank,
French Government, UNDP, Civil Society,,
Benin Republic etc.
Conclusions
• Urge all African States and Friends of
Africa to participate at COP 21
• Champion the interests of mother Africa
with one voice that is heard loud and clear
in the spirit of our African Agenda 2063 –
The Africa we want.
Thank You!
Merci Beaucoup!
Obrigada!
Shukuran!
Asante sana!