Download bloodbasics

What makes up our blood?
• RED BLOOD CELLS (Erythrocytes) –
– The most abundant cells in our blood;
– produced in the bone marrow
– hemoglobin which carries oxygen to cells.
• WHITE BLOOD CELLS (Leukocytes)
– Immune system and destroy bacteria and viruses
• PLASMA –
liquid portion of blood that contains electrolytes, nutrients and vitamins,
hormones, clotting factors, and proteins
PLATELETS (Thrombocytes) –
Clot together in a process called coagulation to seal a wound
and prevent a loss of blood.
What makes up our blood?
Circulatory System
• The blood is the transport system by
which oxygen and nutrients reach the
body's cells, and waste materials are
carried away.
The Heart
• The heart, a muscular organ, is the pump
that keeps this transport system moving.
• The blood in our bodies is reused
constantly
• Its movement through the heart and
around the body is called circulation.
Parts of the Heart
• The two chambers
on top are called the
atria.
• The two chambers
on the bottom are
called the ventricles.
• Artia fill with blood,
then pump it to
ventricles.
• Ventricles pump
blood out of the
heart.
Right Side of the Heart
• De-oxygenated
blood enters the
right atrium.
• It passes into the
right ventricle, and is
pumped to the lungs
to pick up oxygen.
• This is known as the
“Lub”
Left Side of the Heart
• The now oxygen rich
blood renters the left
atrium.
• It passes into the left
ventricle, and is
pumped out of the
heart to through the
circulatory system to
all the cells in the
body.
• This is known as the
“Dub”
The Heart Beat
• A healthy heart makes a “lub-dub” sound, which
comes from the valves shutting inside the heart.
• The “Lub” sound happens when the blood hits
valves and passes between the atria and ventricles.
• The “Dub” sound happens when the blood hits the
valves that close up as the heart relaxes to fill the
blood for the next beat.
What People Expect a Heart
Attack to be Like
•Crushing chest pain
Sudden, intense, falls to the
floor—like in
the movies
Sometimes a heart attack
can be like this but…
….sometimes symptoms may be
different than you expect…
• Heart attacks often begin with symptoms that
slowly get worse.
• Pain or discomfort can be relatively mild.
• Symptoms may come and go.
Heart attack symptoms vary widely
from person to person
What is a Heart Attack?
• Develops over time as fatty build-up, or
plaques build up in arteries.
• Caused by cholesterol in foods.
• Plaque ruptures, platelets rush to clot
up the rupture.
• Clot blocks the artery which blocks
blood traveling though
• If blockage continues, no oxygen
travels to heart cells and heart muscle
dies
Warning Signs of Heart Attack
• Chest pain or discomfort
• Pain or discomfort in the jaw, neck or
back
• Feeling weak or faint
• Pain or discomfort in the arms or
shoulders (left side)
• Shortness of breath
Uncontrollable Risk Factors
•
•
•
•
•
Age
Race/Ethnicity
Gender
Family history
Previous heart attack
Controllable Risk Factors
•
•
•
•
•
•
Smoking
Diabetes
High blood cholesterol
High blood pressure
Overweight/obesity
Physical inactivity
Genetics of Blood Types
• Your blood type is established before you are BORN,
by specific GENES inherited from your parents.
• You inherit one gene from your MOTHER and one
from your FATHER.
How common is your blood type?
46.1%
38.8%
11.1%
3.9%
Blood Transfusions
Who can give you blood?
Universal Donor
People with TYPE O blood are called
Universal Donors, because they can give
blood to any blood type.
People with TYPE AB blood are called
Universal Recipients, because they can
receive any blood type.
Rh +  Can receive + or Rh -  Can only receive Universal Recipient
Rh Factors
• If your blood does contain the protein, your
blood is said to be Rh positive (Rh+). If your
blood does not contain the protein, your blood
is said to be Rh negative (Rh-).
A+ AB+ BAB+ ABO+ Ohttp://www.fi.edu/biosci/blood/rh.html