Download Chapter 12 Checkpoint Questions 2012

Name: _____________________________________ Date: __________ Period: ____
Chapter 12: Checkpoint Questions
Cardiovascular System—The Heart
1. Describe the basic function of the cardiovascular system.
2. Compare and contrast the structure and functions of arteries, capillaries, and
veins.
3. Compare and contrast the pulmonary and systemic circuits of the cardiovascular
system.
4. List the four chambers of the heart and describe the major differences between
the atria and ventricles.
5. Describe the structure and function of the pericardium.
Human Anatomy
WS-Chapter 12 Checkpoint Questions 2012-13.docx
6. Compare and contrast the three layers of the heart wall.
7. Describe the pathway that a blood cell would follow through the heart beginning in
the right atrium…and ending back in the right atrium.
8. Identify and explain ONE similarity and ONE difference between the left and right
atria.
9. Identify and explain ONE similarity and ONE difference between the left and right
ventricles.
10. Compare and contrast the atrioventricular valves to the semilunar valves in the
heart. In your explanation, be sure to include: a) location of valve(s); b) function of
valve(s).
11. Damage to the semilunar valves on the right side of the heart would affect blood
flow to which vessel? Why might this cause a problem?
12. What prevents the AV valves from swinging into the atria?
13. What prevents the semilunar valves from allowing backflow?
14. Why is the left ventricle more muscular than the right ventricle?
15. What is the function of the coronary arteries?
16. Describe the difference between diastole and systole with regards to heart
contractions.
17. Summarize the steps of the “cardiac cycle”:
a. Step 1:
b. Step 2:
c. Step 3:
d. Step 4:
e. Step 5:
18. Is the heart always pumping blood when pressure in the left ventricle is rising?
Explain your answer.
19. What events causes the “lubb-dupp” heart sounds as heard with a stethoscope?
(HINT: There are 4 different heart functions that produce the sound)
20. If the cardioinhibitory center of the medulla oblongata were damaged, which part
of the autonomic nervous system would be affected, and how would the heart be
influenced? Explain your answer.
21. If the cardioacceleratory center of the medulla oblongata were damaged, which
part of the autonomic nervous system would be affected, and how would the heart
be influenced? Explain your answer.
22. Why is it a potential problem if the heart beats too rapidly?
23. Describe the three steps of ventricular contraction:
a. Step 1:
b. Step 2:
c. Step 3:
24. If the cells of the SA node were not functioning normally, how would heart rate be
affected? Explain your answer.
25. Why is it important for the impulses from the atria to be delayed at the AV node
before passing into the ventricles? Explain your answer.