Download 11.1 The Heart - halkuffanatomy

The Heart
Objectives:
1. The anatomy of the heart
2. Differentiate between atria &
ventricles
3. How valves work
4. Disorders of the heart
5. Heart Sounds
Heart Anatomy
Base
Apex: The pointed tip of
the heart that points down
toward the left hip.
Base: The wider top portion
of the heart.
Pericardium: The sac that
encloses the heart
Apex
Atria: Top two chambers
Ventricles: Bottom two chambers
Interventricular Septum: The wall that
divides the heart longitudinally
Aorta: Largest artery where blood leaves
the heart
Chordae Tendinae: Heart strings that
open and close heart valves.
Arteries: Carries oxygenated blood away
from the heart & lungs to the rest of the
body. (red)
Veins: Carries deoxygenated blood from
the body back to the heart & lungs. (blue)
Valves:
Atrioventricular Valves
(AV): Found connecting the
atria to ventricles.
Bicuspid
Tricuspid
Semilunar Valves: Found
in places where blood exits
the heart.
Pulmonary Semilunar
Aortic Semilunar
Disorders
Angina Pectoris: Chest pains caused by
lack of oxygen to the heart.
Myocardial Infarction: Heart cells die.
Heart attack.
Murmurs: Sounds created by improper
blood flow. Usually caused by valve
problems.
Tachycardia: Rapid heartbeat (>100bpm)
Bradycardia: Slow heartbeat (<60bpm)
Heart Sounds
Systole: Contraction of the
heart
Diastole: Relaxation of the
heart
Lub: Closing of the AV
Valves
Dup: Closing of the
Semilunar Valves