Download Cardiovascular System PowerPoint

Ms. Bowman
Cardiovascular System
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 Composed of the heart, veins, arteries, and blood
Heart
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 About the size of a fist; weighs less than one pound
 Enclosed within the mediastinum (medial cavity of
the thorax)
 Layers
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Pericardium-double-walled sac that encloses the heart
Epicardium-covering on the outside of the heart
Myocardium-cardiac mucsle
Endocardium-sheet of endothelium located deep
inside the heart
Heart
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 Chambers
 2 Atria-located superior
 Receiving chambers for blood returning to the heart
 Relatively small, thin walled chambers
 2 Ventricles-located inferior
 Discharging chambers for blood leaving the heart
 When ventricles pump, blood is propelled out of the
heart
 Makes up the bulk of the heart
Heart
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 Blood flows in one direction in the heart
atria
ventricles
arteries
 Valves
 4 valves that keep blood flowing in one direction
 2 Atrioventricular Valves (AV)
 Located at each junction of the atria and ventricles
 Prevents backflow into atria from ventricles
 2 Semilunar Valves (SL)
 Aortic and pulmonary SL valves
 Prevents backflow from the aorta and pulmonary artery
into ventricles
Heart
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 Important structures
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Superior vena cava
Inferior vena cava
Atria
Ventricles
Aorta
AV Valves
SL Valves
Blood Pathway Through
the Heart
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Blood Pathway Through
the Body
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Blood Vessels
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 Form a closed delivery system that begins and ends
at the heart
 Arteries-carry blood away from the heart
 Veins-carry blood towards the heart
 Capillaries-very small vessels that directly serve the
tissues of the body; where nutrient/oxygen exchange
occurs between blood and cells
Blood Vessels
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