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Cardiovascular Unit Vocab List 1. Heart: the muscle that makes the cardiovascular system work 2. Blood: the fluid that delivers oxygen, hormones, and nutrients to the cells and carries away waste 3. Blood vessels: vessels that carry blood throughout the body 4. Cardiovascular system: body system that consists of the heart, blood, and blood vessels 5. Atria: top 2 chambers of the heart; left atria and right atria 6. Ventricles: bottom 2 chambers of the heart; left ventricle and right ventricle 7. Arteries: 8. Blood pressure: a measure of the amount of force that the blood places on the walls of blood vessels, particularly large arteries, as it is pumped through the body. 9. Angina pectoris: chest pain that results when the heart does not get enough oxygen 10. Congestive heart failure: a condition that occurs when the heart weakens and can no longer maintain its pumping rate and force 11. Atherosclerosis: fat deposits collected on artery walls 12. Systolic: the maximum pressure as your heart contracts to push blood into your arteries 13. Diastolic: the pressure at its lowest point when your ventricles relax 14. Resting heart rate: the number of times your heart beats per minute when you are not active. 15. Maximum heart rate: the maximum your heart will beat in one minute. 16. Target heart rate: the zone you want your heart rate to be in for maximum health benefits of physical activity 17. Hypertension: high blood pressure 18. Physical Activity: any form of movement that causes your body to use energy. 19. Exercise: purposeful physical activity that is planned, structured, and repetitive, and that improves or maintains physical fitness. 20. Moderate intensity: uses energy from the body but usually does not exhaust the body 21. Aerobic activity: activity that raises your heart rate 22. Strength training: activity that develops muscle tone 23. Cancer: uncontrollable growth of abnormal cells 24. Tumor: an abnormal mass of tissue that has no natural role in the body 25. Benign: noncancerous 26. Malignant: cancerous 27. Metastasis: the spread of cancer from the point where it originated to other parts of the body 28. Melanoma: the most serious form of skin cancer 29. Sunburn: the burning of the skin’ outer layer 30. Biopsy: the removal of a small piece of tissue for examination