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Transcript
Relative Clause of Characteristic; Dative of Reference; Supines; Gerund & Gerundive April 5th, 2012 Relative Clause of Characteristic Ordinary relative clause provides additional information about some specific word in the main sentence. (i.e. Caesar is the Roman general who conquered Gaul). Relative Clause of Characteristic provides some general or hypothetical quality about another word in the main sentence. (i.e. There is no one who would dare to do such a thing). Cf. Wheelock, pp. 269-70 Dative of Reference or Interest Dative typically used to indicate the indirect object. (i.e. The soldier gave roses to the girl). Dative of Reference is used to indicate the person or thing who has an interest in the action of the verb, is indirectly affected, has some interest in the action. The typical translation of “to” or “for” does not always work. Sometimes more complex phrases requires. Cf. Wheelock, p. 270. Supines 4th Declension verbal noun – identical to perfect, participle, passive – only two forms: accusative and ablative singular. Laudatum, Laudatu – Monitum, Monitu – Actum, Actu – Auditum, Auditu – Captum, Captu. Ablative supine used together with a neuter adjective indicating in what respect the neuter adjective is applicable (i.e. Mirabile dictu – “Amazing to say”; Facile factu – “Easy to do”) Accusative supine used with verbs of motion to indicate the purpose for the motion (i.e. Ibant Romam rogatum pecuniam – “They were going to Rome to ask for money) Gerundive and Gerund Gerundive = Future, Passive, Participle = A verbal adjective ending in –ndus, -unda, -undum. Used attributively to modify a noun or else in a passive periphrastic construction. Gerund = Verbal Noun; has only four forms (neuter, singular – acc., gen., dat., abl.,); active in meaning; corresponds to the English “-ing” (i.e. magnum amorem legendi habet – “He has a great love of reading.”); cf. Wheelock, p. 277
