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Genetics Benchmark Review
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Dog
What causes there to be so many
different kinds of dogs?
Is it because they live in different
environments or they reproduce
sexually?
Reproduce sexually
Sea anemones’ splitting and hydra budding
is an asexual reproductive process. The
offspring formed from these processes
must have :
A. The offspring have mixed genetic
material OR
B. The offspring have genetic material
identical to the parent.
• A scientist observes some
animal cells that contain half
the number of chromosomes of the
ordinary cells of the animal. What should
the scientist conclude about these cells?
The cells are zygotes
OR
egg and sperm
•
•
The diagram represents either asexual
OR sexual eukaryotic life cycle?
Sexual
A student discovers that aphids produce
many offspring. The offspring are
genetically identical to the original
parent. The student can conclude that
the aphids –
Make their own food OR
Reproduce asexually
The giraffe has 62
chromosomes and
reproduces
sexually. How many
chromosomes does
it inherit from its
mother?
31
What percent of a horse’s genes
come from each parent?
50% from the female horse and 50%
From the male horse.
Do boys get more genes from
their Dad than from their
Mother?
No, children get half their
genes from their Mother and
half from their Dad.
The gene for yellow fur in mice (r) is
fatal in mice with (rr). Which parent
gene combinations would produce
healthier mice? DO THE PUNNETT
SQUARE!!
a. rr and Rr
OR
b. Rr and RR
• A scientist observes that a color trait in
snapdragons exists in three forms. Two are
distinct phenotypes – red and white and one
intermediate phenotype – pink. Which
conclusion about color traits is most
reasonable –
• A. The trait (color) is caused by the
environment
OR
• B. The trait (color) is
controlled by a single gene
pair
• A student breeds purple flowered
pea plant with white flowered pea
plant and observes the flower color
of the offspring. What question is
the student trying to answer:
A. What temperature is best for
plant growth?
or
B. How do pea plant alleles for
flower color interact?
Genotype
Dog A
Bb
Dog B
BB
Offspring (puppy) Bb
What is another genotype for the
offspring of Dog A and Dog B?
BB
Variation (differences) in skin color,
height, shell color and eye color are
all examples of an inherited trait.
The variation is due to:
A. More than one gene determines
the trait (polygenic traits)
OR
B. The trait is determined by
external conditions.
Two parents with brown hair have an
offspring (child) with red hair. One
possible explanation for this:
A. The sex of the parent affects
the inherited hair color gene.
OR
B. Hair color is determined by more
than one gene (polygenic trait)
A cat owner wants to breed a
white cat with a yellow cat.
What information will help the
owner predict the coat color of
the cats’ offspring?
A. What each parents genes
are for coat-color.
OR
B. The percentage of each
parent’s genes that contribute
to the zygote.
In humans, brown eye color is
dominant over blue eyes. In genetic
terms this means:
A. The allele for brown eye color is
dominant.
B. The allele for blue eye color is
dominant.
C. The allele for brown eye color is
recessive.
Which of these would be expressed
as a recessive phenotype?
AA, Rr, Tt, or bb
bb
A goat inherits one allele for a trait from
each parent. The allele from the mother
goat is expressed (shown) in the offspring
goat if the allele:
A. Is recessive to the father’s
dominant allele.
B. Is dominant over the father’s allele.
A man and woman both have blonde
hair, which is recessive. This couple
can only pass:
Dominant OR Recessive genes
to their offspring
A genotype is written – DD. What
does each letter represent?
a. One amino acid
Or
b. One allele
During cell reproduction,
DNA molecules make copies
of themselves. The copies
of DNA become part of
which structure in the new
cell?
Ribosome, mitochondria,
Lysosome or chromososmes
CHROMOSOMES
Reproductive cells must have nuclei
that contain ____________ the
number of chromosomes as the body
cell.
A. Twice
B. Half
C. 10 times
A scientist uses radiation to change the
genetic material in a mouse. Which part of
the mouse’s cell is changed by the
radiation to cause a change in genetic
material?
A. Chromosome
B. Mitochondria
C. Ribosomes
Mutations can alter (change) the
genetic material in an organism.
Mutations are due to:
A. An increase in the function of the
ribosomes
OR
B. A change in the nucleotide
sequence in DNA