Download Using a parallel approach to help evolution

Genetic Algorithms on Steroids
Using a parallel approach to help evolution along...
Asanka Herath
&
Buddhika Kottahachchi
Motivation
Genetic Algorithm's are generally slow.
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Constrained by the dependence on randomness to
create good genes.
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Parallelizing usually just allows the examination
of a larger set of candidates – still constrained by
randomness to provide good genes.
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What if?
Use a different randomized but faster algorithm to
generate candidate solutions in parallel.
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Inject these candidate solutions into the gene pool
of the Genetic Algorithm.
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Help the fitness level of the gene pool improve
faster than with pure randomization...
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... leads to better solutions quicker?
Problem Domain: Bin Packing Rectangles
Given a set of rectangles and the width of a bin,
determine the minimum height for a bin
containing those rectangles.
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Only allow two orientations (ie. Horizontal &
Vertical).
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Approach
1 Node devoted as a Coordinator.
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Half of the others run a fast simulated annealing
algorithm (Candidate Generator).
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The rest run independent GA's.
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Coordinator polls for candidates and pushes them
out to the GA's between GA iterations
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Uses C++ and MPI
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Validation Method
60 rectangles (side length up to 100 units)
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Hopper E. and Turton B. C. H., 2002, "An empirical study of meta-heuristics
applied to 2D rectangular bin packing" Special Issue on Cutting, Packing and
Knapsacking Problems, Studia Informatica, vol. 2, no. 1
Bin width 100 units
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4 Nodes/16 virtual Nodes
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50/100 GA iterations, 50 SA iterations per GA
iteration.
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Results
Control Case vs. Test Case
Average Solution Height (2300+)
25
22.5
20
17.5
15
Control
Test
12.5
10
7.5
5
2.5
0
50 Iterations
100 Iterations
Control case runs all independent Genetic Algorithms
•Test case injects “good genes” into the Genetic Algorithms
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Observations
Solutions generated are very close to optimal
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(~ 10% wastage)
Small improvements required vast amounts of
computation
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This approach on average yielded about .5%
improvement in solution quality (based on
wastage).
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Conclusions
Given the constraints – the improvement is
significant.
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Problem selected to test hypothesis – non-ideal?
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This approach merits further investigation
•Other problem domains
•