Download What could have caused this?

Aim: How can mitosis lead
to a disruption in
homeostasis?
Understanding
Cancer
What could have caused this?
Cancer
Approximately 200 types
Lung cancer
Skin cancer
Breast cancer
Can you think of some?
Prostate
cancer
Healthy cells
• Grow, divide, and
replace themselves
during the process
of mitosis. Each
mitotic division
leads to the
development of 2
NEW healthy cells.
How do cells divide by
mitosis?
Abnormal cell division
• Normal cells lose
their ability to limit
and direct their
growth. They divide
too rapidly and
grow without any
order.
What happens if cells are unable to
regulate the cell cycle?
Cancer is a disease that is
caused by loss of control of the
cell cycle.
Cells continue to divide
uncontrollably.
Cancer
• Cancer: uncontrolled
cell division
• Tumors (lumps or
masses of cancerous
cells) will result because
of this uncontrolled cell
division.
• Tumors can be either
malignant (spread dangerous) or benign
(can’t spread – safe)
Metastasize
They spread by using
the circulatory system
and lymph nodes.
Cancer cells also
can spread, to
other parts of the
body and form
new tumors.
How do they
spread?
How cancer spreads
What causes cancer?
•Damage to the cells DNA from:
• Mutations - to genes, the
•Poor
Diet
cell's instructions
for
making the proteins it
•Certain
Pathogens
needs to survive,
grow (Viruses)
and multiply.
•Genetics
• Ultraviolet radiation
• •UV
Viruses
Radiation (Sun)
• Usually cancer is not
inherited(Tobacco)
•Drugs
• Carcinogens: chemicals
Anatomy of a Cigarette
• Smoking causes a third of
all cases of cancer
• Cigarette smoke contains
3000 different chemicals,
some of which are
carcinogens. Some
people have a lower risk
of developing lung cancer.
Their cells may be more
efficient at repairing the
gene damage caused by
the carcinogens.
Lung Cancer:
Healthy Lung
Cancerous Lung
Treatment
• Surgery: physical
removal of the
malignant tumor
• Radiation: disrupts
cell division
• Chemotherapy:
drugs that prevent cell
division by interfering
with mitosis