* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Genetics Test Study Guide
Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis wikipedia , lookup
Heritability of IQ wikipedia , lookup
Genetically modified food wikipedia , lookup
Genetically modified crops wikipedia , lookup
Cell-free fetal DNA wikipedia , lookup
Polymorphism (biology) wikipedia , lookup
Genetic drift wikipedia , lookup
Site-specific recombinase technology wikipedia , lookup
Therapeutic gene modulation wikipedia , lookup
Gene therapy of the human retina wikipedia , lookup
Population genetics wikipedia , lookup
Nutriepigenomics wikipedia , lookup
Point mutation wikipedia , lookup
Hardy–Weinberg principle wikipedia , lookup
Behavioural genetics wikipedia , lookup
Gene therapy wikipedia , lookup
Artificial gene synthesis wikipedia , lookup
Public health genomics wikipedia , lookup
Human genetic variation wikipedia , lookup
Vectors in gene therapy wikipedia , lookup
Genome (book) wikipedia , lookup
Medical genetics wikipedia , lookup
Genetic engineering wikipedia , lookup
Microevolution wikipedia , lookup
History of genetic engineering wikipedia , lookup
Quantitative trait locus wikipedia , lookup
Genetics Test Study Guide 11/16/07 Know definitions for following words: 1. pedigreetool for tracing a trait through a family 2.heterozygousan organism with two different alleles for a trait 3. genotypegenetic makeup of an organism 4. phenotypephysical appearance of an organism 5. probabilityhelps determine the chance that something will occur 6. incomplete dominancewhen an intermediate form is expressed in offspring 7. multiple alleleswhen more than two alleles control a trait 8. polygenic inheritancewhen a group of gene pairs act together 9. punnett squarea genetics tool that uses letters to represent dominant and recessive alleles 10. homozygouswhen there are two alleles that are exactly the same 11. hereditypassing of traits from parents to offspring 12. dominant factora factor that covers up another factor 13. recessive factor – a factor that seems to disappear 14. allelesthe different forms a gene has for a trait 15. geneticsstudy of heredity 16. Homozygous traits will look like two upper case letters or two lower case letters TT ,tt 17.Punnett square shows you all the ways alleles combine 18. Human blood typesA, B, AB and O 19. Blood type is controlled by 3 alleles 20. Capital letters stand for dominant trait and lower case stands for a recessive trait 21. Recessive genetic disorder examples are cystic fibrosis and hemophilia 22. Mendel called plants that received different alleles for a trait from each parent a hybrid 23. Father of Genetics is Gregor Mendel 24. Purebred animals that show variations in coat color is an example of incomplete dominance 25. Every sex cell has 2 alleles for each trait 26. If a human baby has 2- X chromosomes the baby is a girl ; if it has an X and a Y chromosome it is a boy 27. A useful segment of DNA is inserted into a bacterium to make recombinant DNA 28. In, genetic engineering scientists are experimenting with methods to change the arrangement of DNA in a gene 29. A purple flower (Pp) and a white flower (pp) could produce 2 purple flowers 30.Describe the advantage of genetically engineered tomatoes. They can be picked green and transported great distances before they ripen completely, so that they are ripe when at the market for purchase 31.If a family has four children, 2 girls, 2 boys, and only one girl and one boy are colorblind, are their parents colorblind? The father is Xc Y x colorblind and Xc XcXc XcY the mother is a X XcX XY carrier 32. Who is more likely to be colorblind, girls or boys? boys 33. Offspring with homozygous alleles received how many alleles from each parent? one 34. What possible genotypes will the offspring have if the parents’ blood types are O and AB? AO or BO x A B O AO BO O AO BO 35.Why do cystic fibrosis patients have to have their backs pounded on as part of their therapy? to break the mucus in their lungs to breathe easier 36. One day it will be important for scientists to correct damaged genes in babies before they are born. Why? It may result in a genetic cure for the disorder 37.Diabetes is one disease that is already being treated by use of recombinant DNA, a method of genetic engineering. 38. You are looking at four purple flowers. What are their phenotypes and genotypes? Phenotype is purple and just by looking you could not tell their genotypes but it could be PP or Pp 39.Selective breeding is when you select plants or animals with the most desired traits to breed for the next generation. 40. Gene therapy is when a normal allele is placed into a virus, which delivers it when it infects its target cells. 41. Name traits that are a result of polygenic inheritance. human height, human eye color, human skin color, human hair color, grain color in wheat, milk production in cows, egg production in chickens 42. Why was Mendel’s predictions for dominant and recessive traits so accurate? He worked with a large number of plants (over 30,000) and concentrated on one trait at a time and he kept a record of the results. 43. How can Punnett Squares predict results of crossbreeding in plants? It shows all the ways in which alleles for a particular trait can be combined 44. How many crosses of red and white fouro’clock flowers would you need to find out all the possible phenotypes for color of flowers? You would need 2, the first cross would be red with white and the second cross would be pink with pink which would give you red, white and pink phenotypes 45. Write a pedigree for a family (parents and four children) in which one girl and one boy are color-blind while one boy and one girl are not. x Xc X Xc Y XcXc XcY XcX XY 46.If two people are heterozygous for sickle cell anemia, what are the chances that their children will have the disease? S = non sickle cell anemia and s = sickle cell anemia +_________________________________________________ ________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ x S s S s 47. Family pedigree of color-blindness. How is the disease inherited? Disease is sex linked and inherited on the X chromosome. Mother is a carrier.