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Transcript
GENETICS Genetics • Is the study of inheritable characteristics, such as eye colour, are passed on from generation to generation DNA Review See your DNA handout from Unit One Genes • Found on the chromosomes in each individual cell • Contains the genetic code—the chemical language through which the information needed to make proteins is kept Genetic Code • Genetic information is located in our chromosomes which are composed of long strands of DNA • Genetic information is used by our cells to make protein • Genes tell the cell which of the 20 kinds of amino acids are to be linked together into a chain to form a specific protein Genetic Code (2) • Human DNA contains enough information necessary to assemble about 100 000 different kinds of proteins • All known life forms use the same genetic code and same cellular mechanism to produce proteins • Humans share many genes with organisms that appear vastly different from us Viruses • Viruses attack our cells by substituting their own genes into the cellular apparatus of human cells • Instead of making human protein, our infected cells make viral protein • Because of similarities in genetics a virus can spread from a bird to a pig to a human
