Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Deoxyribozyme wikipedia , lookup
Molecular cloning wikipedia , lookup
Nucleic acid analogue wikipedia , lookup
Cre-Lox recombination wikipedia , lookup
Whole genome sequencing wikipedia , lookup
Genetic engineering wikipedia , lookup
Mitochondrial replacement therapy wikipedia , lookup
Molecular evolution wikipedia , lookup
Non-coding DNA wikipedia , lookup
Genome evolution wikipedia , lookup
Artificial gene synthesis wikipedia , lookup
The Human Genome Project How much DNA is in one cell? Human genome = 46 chromosomes about 3 billion base pairs one base pair is 0.00000000034 meters DNA sequence in any two people is 99.9% identical – only 0.1% is unique! The Human Genome Project An international effort to decipher the DNA blueprint of a human being Human Genome Project Goals: To sequence and determine the exact order of the nucleotides (A,C,T,G) for ALL of the DNA in a human cell To determine which sections of DNA represent the individual genes To store this information in databases for analysis Publishing the human genome Cloning What is Cloning? Cloning is the creation of an organism that is the EXACT genetic copy of the mother Identical twins are natural clones, they share 100% of their DNA Twins versus Clones How do you clone an organism? 1. Remove the nucleus from an egg cell and a regular cell from a donor. 2. Fuse the enucleated cell with a regular cell (that still has its nucleus) by electric shock 3. The new fused cell begins dividing, just as a fertilized egg would. 4. The embryo is placed in the uterus of a surrogate mother and allowed to develop normally. 5. The surrogate mother gives birth to a genetic clone of the original egg cell donor donor! Premature aging