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Early Renaissance 1450-1550 What was the Renaissance? • Period following the middle ages (14501550) • “Rebirth” of classical Greece and Rome • Began in Italy • Moved to northern Europe Italy is First to Escape the Dark Ages • Revival of Commerce and Town Building was more intense in Italy • Feudalism had less of a grip on Italy • Crusades made Italy quite wealthy • Presence of Classics was stronger in Italy than elsewhere in Europe Causes of the Renaissance • Lessening of feudalism – Church disrespected – Nobility in chaos – Growth of Middle Class through trade • Fall of Constantinople to the Turks – Greek scholars fled to Italy • Education (universities) • Italians wanted to recapture the glory of the Roman empire Italian Background • Major city centers – Venice: Republic ruled by oligarchy, Byzantine origins – Milan: Visconti and Sforza families – Florence (Tuscany): Republic ruled by the Medici – Papal States: Ruled by the Pope – Kingdom of Naples: King of Aragon Italian Background • Florence – – – – Medici's—family of physicians Money in banking (Very Wealthy) Financed wool trade Became defacto rulers of Florence Humanism • Pursuit of individualism – Recognition that humans are creative – Appreciation of art as a product of man • Basic culture needed for all • Life could be enjoyable • Love of the classical past Early Renaissance Sculpture Donatello (Purple Ninja Turtle) Saint George Donatello was one Mary Magdalene Of the key artist of The Renaissance. His specialty was Sculpture. Early Renaissance Architecture Dome Construction Il Duomo (Florence) St. Peter’s (Rome) St. Paul’s (London) US capital Early Renaissance Art • What was different in the Renaissance: – – – – – – – – Realism Perspective Classical (pagan) themes Geometrical arrangement of figures Light and shadowing (chiaroscuro) Softening of edges (sfumato) Backgrounds Artist able to live from commissions The Renaissance Man • Broad knowledge about many things in different fields • Deep knowledge of skill in one area • Able to link areas and create new knowledge Renaissance Scavenger Hunt. Find the following Questions. 1. What does the word Renaissance mean? 2. What dates was the Early Renaissance? 3. Why was Italy the first place to experience the Renaissance? (4 reasons) 4. What is Humanism? 5. Why do you think the Renaissance was such a big deal for Europe? (paragraph) Renaissance Men Foldable Directions: Create a four tab foldable on the following Renaissance Men (4 Ninja Turtles) Donatello, Leonardo, Michelangelo, Raphael. Inside the foldable 1. Give a description of the artist 2. Name 2 major works completed by them