Download Renaissance and Reformation[1] Fort Lee

Chapter 17
The Renaissance and
Reformation
DO NOW!!!
• Take out last night’s homework, make
sure your name is on every sheet, or that
it’s stapled together with your name on the
top worksheet sheet.
• Write 2 things:
– 1) Why do you think the Black Death can be
credited for starting the Renaissance?
– 2) What about the Crusades? Did they help
start it too?
Chapter 17 Overview
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•
•
•
Italian Renaissance
Humanism
Technology
Leonardo Da Vinci,
Michelangelo,
Johannes Gutenberg,
Dante, Shakespeare
and other big names.
• Protestant
Reformation
Vocabulary Builder
• Renaissance – “Rebirth”
• Secular – Interested in worldly rather than
religious matters
• Diplomacy – The art of negotiating with
other countries.
The Italian Renaissance
• Renaissance = Rebirth
– Rebirth of what?
• Split up into your
groups and discuss the
following:
1) Examples of what was “reborn.”
2) How cities were affected by the
Renaissance.
3) How the noble class was affected
by the Renaissance.
Section 1 Scavenger Hunt (HW Grade)
• Find each of the following:
– Definitions of Renaissance, Secular, and Diplomacy.
– Find Machiavelli, Marco Polo, and Medici and tell me
who they were and what they were responsible for.
– Give me the 5 most important Renaissance cities in
Italy.
– Tell me how the Medici family became so wealthy.
– Answer the Primary Source question on page 614.
• No Partners!
DO NOW
• 1) Take out your homework and prepare to
go over in together.
• 2) On page 609 do the “Using Geography
Skills” questions 1 and 2 on the bottom of
your homework!
Italian Renaissance
• 1350 – 1550 A.D.
– Rebirth in Art and Learning caused in part by the
Black Plague!
• Religion was still strong but...
– People were interested in this world also!
• Secular beliefs
• Why Italy? Why not England, or France?
– Italy offered visual reminders of Greek and Roman art
when times were good.
– Crusaders influenced trade which made Italy wealthy.
Homework
• Section 1 review questions #1,2,4,5, and 6
on page 615.
“SHOW UM WHERE YA LIVE KID”
• Florence, Venice, Genoa, Milan, and
Rome flourished.
– Competition between them promoted the
Renaissance mentality.
– Developments of Urban Societies (not rural).
Homework
• Current Event 1 for MP 4
– 1 FULL page response
– Historical/politics/diplomacy related topic
• I will be grading them based on completeness and
relevance in this marking period.
– i.e. ½ page responses will be discarded
– i.e. articles about non-relevant topics will be discarded.
Machiavelli Quotes Day
• Step 1: Break down the quote. What is it
saying?
• Step 2: Combine both quotes into a
message that you can preach.
• Step 3: How can we use that advice in real
life?
DO NOW
• Write down the 2 essential vocabulary
words from page 618 in your notebook.
• We will not go over them, you should
already know them by heart!!!
Humanism
• “A balance of faith
and reason”
• Men became active in
cities.
– Strived to achieve
great things.
• Influences: Greek,
Roman, Turkish, and
Byzantinian works
What Was Studied?
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Books
• Buildings
Poems
• Statues
Biographies
• Columns
Songs
Odes
Scriptures
Manuscripts
Everything was proportionate
to the “perfect human”. This
was their inspiration.
Homework
Leonardo Da Vinci is known for his creativeness
and interest in science. What invention created
in the last 100 years do you think would impress
Leonardo the most? Why?
Give me a minimum of 5 sentences.
Use the internet or your book to see what he
was most interested in if you would like.
DO NOW
• Francesco Petrarch has been called the father of
Italian Renaissance humanism.
• How did Petrarch contribute to the
preservation/rediscovery of Ancient Roman
knowledge?
– Use page 619 in your book
• P.S. – Don’t ask if this is going to be collected, it
is not going to be.
Men of the Renaissance
• Francesco Petrarch
• Dante Alighieri
• Johannes Gutenberg
• Leonardo da Vinci
• Geoffrey Chaucer
• Michelangelo Buonarroti
• Albrecht Durer
• Jan van Eyck
• Raphaello Sanzio da
Urbino
• William Shakespeare
Reformation
Hostility in Europe
Generally Speaking
• The Catholic Church
became corrupt and selfmotivated
• The church focused on
money and sold
indulgences
• Clergy spots were not
earned, they were
acquired based on who
you knew.
This is a knock on Pope Benedict XVI (our current pope). What does this essentially say?
Humanism
• Renaissance
Humanism:
– Secular
– Strived to better the
world around them
– Introduced art,
literature, engineering,
architecture, invention,
science, and creativity
into their cities
• Christian
Humanism:
– Secular
– Strived to enjoy a
peaceful afterlife
– Introduced English
vernacular Bibles,
better educated,
literate, and well
spoken clergy
Martin Luther
• Break from Church
led to revolution in
Christianity.
• Inspired by fear for
his own soul and
those around him.
– “he was shocked at
the behavior of the
Roman clergy”
*reaction to his pilgrimage to Rome
Martin Luther’s Faith
• “He prayed so long that sometimes he fell
unconscious on the cold church floor”
• Luther’s conclusion: Only faith, not good
works, brought salvation.
– All answers are in the Bible!!! Salvation is a
gift from God, it is not earned.
95 Theses of Martin Luther
• 95 arguments against
indulgences were
nailed to the
Wittenburg Cathedral
(where he belonged)
• Thousands of copies
were printed and read
all across Germany
Public Reaction: Revolt!
• At first, the church didn’t take Luther seriously.
– Gave him a chance to acquire a following
• After several years of arguing the Pope
excommunicated Luther and revoked his monk
status
– Was seen as a danger to the position of local priests,
who needs them when everyone can read the Bible?
• LUTHERANISM WAS FOUNDED!!!
– First Protestant denomination
Lutheranism
• 3 Beliefs:
– 1) Faith in Jesus, not good works = salvation
– 2) The Bible is the final source for truth
– 3) Church = believers, not its clergy
• It doesn’t matter where you attend, its what you do!
• Peasants loved this!
– Couldn’t afford indulgences
– Everyone was equal under God
“No peasant would work for a noble unless it should be
shown us from the Gospel that we are serfs”
• Luther denounced the violent revolts caused.
Section 4 Vocabulary Builder
• Seminary – A special school for training
and educating priests.
• Heresy – a religious belief that contradicts
what the church says is true.
• Annul – “cancel”
Section 4
Catholics and Protestants
Counter-Reformation
• Catholics became hostile and set out to
defeat Protestantism.
– Wars broke out between 1520 and 1648,
leaving Germanic Europe Protestant, and
Latin/Roman Europe Catholic.
Council of Trent
• Pope Paul III calls for a council to convene in the
city of Trent, near Rome.
– Set to discuss Catholic Church reform.
•
•
•
•
Catholic beliefs established
Rules for Bishops and Priests behavior were set
Clergy was instructed to preach faith harder
Seminaries were built
• Pope Paul III also established the Society of
Jesus (Jesuits)
– Pope’s “agents” in Europe
• Preached, taught, and fought heresy
Impact in France/Switzerland
• About 7% of France supported John Calvin.
– Known as Huguenots
• Interesting fact: even though only 7% of France
supported Calvinism, about 50% of the nobles in
France did.
– included the Bourbon family
• Dominated southern France, were in line for the throne of
France
• French King Henry II dies in 1559, his son dies in
1560, leaving his 10 year old brother as king.
– What is the impact?
French Nobles Fight Government
• Keep it weak so they
could have freedom of
religion
• Saw weakness in
Charels, and in turn his
mother Catherine de’
Medici
• Supported Henry of
Navarre
– Huguenot and head of the
Buorbon family.