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Name: Period: EVOLUTION Study Guide Answer the following questions using your Biology Interactive Notebook 1. Define evolution in your own words. 2. State one misconception about evolution. 3. Explain the misconception in Lamarck’s theory of evolution. 4. Define natural selection. 5. "Survival of the fittest" is a common expression. What do you think most people mean by this expression? 6. How would you explain this expression ”survival of the fittest” to help someone understand how natural selection actually functions? 7. Draw a directional selection graph below and explain 8. Draw a stabilizing selection graph below and explain 9. Draw a disruptive graph below and explain 10. ______________________________= inherited characteristic that increases an organism’s the chances of survival and reproduction. 11. List the two types of adaptations and give an example of each. 12. List 5 evidences of evolution. A. _______________________________________ B. _______________________________________ C. ________________________________________ D. ________________________________________ E. ________________________________________ 13. What is the difference between an analogous structure and homologous structure? 14. What are the two ways of dating fossils? Explain both. 15. What is the model for slow changes of evolution over time? 16. What is the model for rapid changes separated by no changes over time? 17. ____________________ _______________ is a change in a gene pool due to chance. 18. What are two examples of genetic drift? a. __________________________________ b. __________________________________ 19. Which type of genetic drift is caused by catastrophic events like a natural disaster, habitat loss or overharvesting? 20. ___________________________________________is the random effect that can occur when a small population settles in an area separated from the rest of the population and interbreeds, producing a unique gene pool 21. Describe how mutations can have an effect on the gene pool of a population. 22. Are mutations patterns of natural selection or are they random? 23. What is a vestigial structure? 24. Explain how the following scientists influenced evolution LAMARCK DARWIN LYELL AND HUTTON WALLACE MALTHUS 25. What is the difference between allopatric and sympatric speciation? 26. What can the overuse of bacteria lead to?