Download Test 2 Review Test 2 Review (15-16)_2

Test 2 Review
Physical Science/MTHS/Matthews
Name __________________________________________
Directions: Use the following choices below in order to answer questions 1-6. See pages 108-109 for help.
(A) Proton
(B) Neutron
(C) Electron
(D) None of these
(1) ____________ Which particle is found outside the nucleus and has very little mass?
(2) ____________ Which particle is found inside the nucleus and has no charge?
(3) ____________ Which particle makes up about half the mass of the atom and has a positive charge?
(4) ___________ Which particle determines the identify (name) of the atom?
(5) ___________ Which particle determines the isotope of the element?
(6) ___________ Which particle has a positive charge and orbits around the nucleus?
Directions: Use the choices below in order to answer questions 7-10. See pages 110-112.
(A)
4A
14
(B)
5A
15
(C)
6A
16
(D)
7A
17
Si
P
S
Cl
28
31
32
35
(7) ____________ Which element has 16 protons?
(8) ____________ Which element has 16 neutrons?
(9) ____________ Which element has 16 electrons?
(10) ____________ Which element has 4 valence electrons?
(11) Draw a Bohr Diagram for the element “Cl” on the energy levels shown above.
(12) What element has 13 protons, 14 neutrons and 13 electrons. What is its atomic mass (SHOULD BE A
WHOLE #)? Atomic #? Name?
Atomic # ------>
<----Net Charge
Symbol -------->
Atomic Mass-->
(13) On the periodic table why is the mass of this element a non-whole number? Explain below. (see p. 134)
Directions: Use the section of the periodic table below in order to answer questions 14-21. (see chapter 5 from
the textbook).
1A
3
2A
4
3A
5
4A
6
5A
7
6A
8
7A
9
8A
10
Li
Be
B
C
N
O
F
Ne
6.941
11
9.0122
12
26.982
13
28.086
14
30.974
15
32.06
16
35.453
17
39.948
18
Na
Mg
Al
Si
P
S
Cl
Ar
22.990
24.305
26.982
28.086
30.974
32.06
35.453
39.948
(14) ____________ Which column from above contains the alkaline earth metals?
(15) ____________ Which column from above contains the Noble Gases?
(16) ____________ Which column from above contains the most reactive non-metals?
(17) ____________ Which column from above contains VERY non-reactive elements?
(18) ____________ How many of these elements are gases at 0 degrees Celsius?
(19) ____________ How many of these elements are metalloids?
(20) ____________ How many of these elements are NON-metals and solids?
(21) ____________ Write the symbol of the element that would have the most similar properties to the element
“Li” from this section of the periodic table.
(22) ____________ Which column would you place a “missing element” that is very soft, metallic and very
reactive?
(23) Why do elements in the same group have similar physical and chemical properties? (p. 131)
(24) Briefly describe the evidence that Dalton, Thomson, Rutherford, and Bohr used to model the atom and how
their experiments led to their models. (see pages 101-105)
(25) Directions: Answer the following questions (I-III) with several sentences & explain your reasoning as
thoroughly as possible. These 3 questions WILL BE ON THE TEST!!!
(I) Describe Rutherford’s experiment and results and explain how his results led to his model of the atom. (Hint:
I recommend making a sketch to illustrate what is happening and label your sketch clearly). (see page 104-105)
(II) Explain how Demitri Mendeleev organized the periodic table. In your answer clearly describe why the
table is referred to as “The PERIODIC Table” and give at least one example of a periodic trend and one
example of a non-periodic trend. (see pages 126-131)
(III) Dalton’s Atomic Theory suggests each of the following points. Explain whether any of these points are
false and if they are false explain why we know them to be false now. (see p. 103 & 112)
(i) All elements are composed of atoms which cannot be broken into smaller parts.
(ii) All atoms of the same element have the same mass and atoms of different elements have
different masses.
(iii) Compounds contain atoms of more than one element.
(iv) In a particular compound, atoms of different elements always combine in the same way.