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CHM 708 Medicinal Chemistry DNA Stereochemistry Definitions Autoreceptor A receptor that regulates the synthesis and/or release of its own endogenous ligand Affinity The ability of a drug to bind to the receptor Efficacy The relative intensity of the response produced by a drug binding to a given number of receptors with the same affinity Potency The dose of drug required to produce a specific effect. ED50 The median effective dose; the dose required to produce half the maximum effect, or a given effect in half the experimental animals or organisms. EC50 The median effective concentration; used instead of ED50 for in vitro experiments Definitions (contd.) IC50 The median inhibitory concentration; defined the same way as EC50, but for antagonists TD50 The median toxic dose; the dose that produces a given toxic response in half the experimental animals or organisms. LD50 The median lethal dose Therapeutic Index The ratio TD50 / ED50 Tolerance The decrease of the intensity of the response to a given dose over a period of time. Inverse agonist A drug that binds to the same site as an agonist, but produces the opposite effect.