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Ecos= “the house” -ology = study of We will be looking at how organisms interact with their habitat (organism ecology), with other organisms (community ecology), and within their own population (population ecology). Ecology The study of animal behavior is one the oldest and most captivating fields of study in biology. Behavioral Ecology has taken on a more evolutionary view towards animal behavior... Animal behavior is an adaptation that has been favored for survival or reproduction means. Behavior has its roots in both genetics and environmental cues, The foremost scientists in this field (back then known as ethology) observed animals exhibiting behaviors without ever having seen them… Fixed Action Pattern (FAP): innate, highly stereotypical and unchangeable behavior that is carried out no matter how useless it may be. They are initiated by a sign stimuli Behavioral Ecology Learning is a basic concept in the field of animal behavior. It is the direct result of experience. Imprinting is learning, but it is during a specific time period in an animals life and it is irreversible Habituation is a type of learning that is similar to the “cry-wolf” effect. Too much of a good thing can be detrimental in the long run… Behavioral Ecology Christian the Lion Associative Learning: is a type of learning in which a stimulus is linked to another through experience. There are two types of associative learning: 1. Classical Conditioning- A stimulus will cause a response that becomes habitual (Ivan Pavlov and his dogs in the 1920’s) 2. Operant Conditioning- an animal learns to associate one of its behaviors with a reward or punishment and then repeats or avoids that behavior (B.F. Skinner) Behavioral Ecology Animals use various cognitive mechanisms to avoid predators, migrate to favorable environments, find mates or nest sites Kinesis: change in an activity in response to a stimulus Taxis: movement away or towards a stimulus Migration Behavior: regular movement over long periods of time and at specific times of the year Some others include: Landmarks or Cognition Maps Behavioral Ecology Social Biology: how organisms interact with each other within a population Agnostic Behavior Dominance Hierarchies Territoriality Courtship/Parental Investment Mating Systems Animal Signals Pheromones Altruism Kin Selection Social Behavior (Sociobiology) Little Albert Goose Eggs Applications of Behavioral Ecology- (FAP) ADVERTISING… give me a break Kiki's Tricks Commercials Classical Conditioning