Download Unit XII: Abnormal Behavior

Unit XII: Abnormal Behavior
Module 67
Mood Disorders
Major Depressive Disorder
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Mood Disorders
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Emotional extremes of mood disorders come in
two principal forms:
1. Major depressive disorder
2. Bipolar disorder
Major Depressive Disorder
Depression is the “common
cold” of psychological
disorders because of its
pervasiveness (though not
its seriousness).
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Bipolar Disorder
• Formerly called manic-depressive disorder.
• An alternation between depression and mania.
Depressive Symptoms
Manic Symptoms
Gloomy
Elation
Withdrawn
Euphoria
Inability to make decisions
Desire for action
Tired
Hyperactive
Slowness of thought
Multiple ideas
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Bipolar Disorder
• Many great writers, poets, and composers
have suffered from bipolar disorder.
• During their manic phase creativity surges.
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Understanding Mood Disorders
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Understanding Depression
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• Because it is so prevalent, researchers want to
understand the causes of depression and how to
treat it.
• Some facts about depression:
• Depression is widespread
• Most major depressive episodes self-terminate
• Stressful events related to work, marriage, etc. often
precede depression
• With each generation, depression is striking earlier and
affecting more people
Gender & Major Depression
Gender differences
(women are nearly twice as vulnerable)
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The Biological Perspective
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• Twin studies indicate a genetic connection to
depression.
• The rate of depression is higher in identical (70%)
than fraternal twins (20%).
• New research has also provided insight into brain
activity during depressed and manic states
The Social-Cognitive Perspective
Explanatory style
plays a major
role in becoming
depressed.
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The Depression Cycle
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Suicide & Self-Injury
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Suicide
•
•
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The most severe form of behavioral response to
depression is suicide.
Each year some 1 million people commit suicide
worldwide.
Self-Injury
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• People who struggle with distress sometimes
engage in non-suicidal self-injury