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Cell Packet Notes
Anton van Leeuwenhock – discovered microscope
Robert Hooke - Father of cells
ALL Chemical reactions needed for life takes place inside cells
CELL THEORY
 Cells are the smallest living units.
(Basis building blocks)
 Every living thing is made of cells.
 Cells divide to form new cells. (Cells come from cells)
● There are 75-100 Trillion cells in an adult body. (Baby has 2 trillion)
● Cells are SPECIALIZED, different cells have different functions
(Jobs).
Example: Stomach cells make acid for digestion,
Muscle cells help you move.
Simple Cells:
● The first cells to evolve were one celled = SIMPLE CELLS
Bacterium most common type of simple cells.
 Cell membrane
 Cell wall
 Extra capsule
 Cytoplasm(DNA in it)
 Flagellum
 Can divide once every twenty minutes.
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 Complex Cells:
- the cells in the human body = multi- cellular organisms
- can be one celled (a simple cell) or many cells working
together
One celled complex organism
Example: Amoeba & Paramecium
Multi-celled complex organism
Example: Animals, humans
 Complex cells have 12 to 15 organelles (cell parts)- See your
Cell Bible
Levels Of Organization (smallest  Largest)
- works together to build an organism
- Organelles  Cells  Tissues  Organs  Organ
Systems  Organism
 Your cells carry out all the work of your body
Plant vs Animal Cells
1. Plant cells have chloroplast –
● Photosynthesis happens here
● This is where plants make their food (glucose)
2. Plant cells have one large vacuole vs. animals cells which
have many smaller vacuoles
● Plants make their own food = more waste = larger vacuole
3. Plant cells have cell walls, animals cells only have a cell
membrane
● Cell wall provides structure, support and protection
4. Animal cells have a centriole (for cell multiplication) that a
plant cell does not
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Types of cells- there are two types of cells
Prokaryotic Cells
(prokaryote)
VS
Eukaryotic
(eukaryote)
Prokaryotic = cell simple cell, NO nucleus example bacteria
Eukaryotic = cell like you and me, Have a nucleus and all the
other organelles that carry out the function of the
cell