Download The Crusades - Mrs. Silverman: Social Studies

The Crusades
What’s Wrong?
• Priests were marrying & having
families
• Bishops sold positions in the
church to raise money
• Kings appointed church bishops
Church Reforms
• Enforced laws against marriage &
the selling of church positions
• Development of canon law, or
church law (marriage, divorce,
inheritance, etc.)
• Collection of tithe
Identify…
• Holy Land:
• Jerusalem; point
of contention
during the
Crusades
• Seljuk Turks:
• Turkish people who practiced
Islam
Identify…
• Urban II:
• Catholic pope
that began the
Crusades
• Crusaders:
• Christians that
fought during the Crusades
The Initial Spark
In 1093, the
Seljuk Turks
threatened to
conquer Christian
lands in Europe…
Motives…why join?
• Religious zeal
• The hope for
prestige,
wealth & land
• The desire for
adventure
Motives…of Church?
• Reclaim the Holy Land
• Increase power
• End fighting
between
Christian
knights
The Battle Cry?
• “God wills it!”
• Significance:
• Crusaders felt that
they were doing
God’s will;
provided a moral justification
The First Crusade
• Crusader armies captured
Jerusalem and massacred Muslim
& Jewish residents
The First Crusade
• As a result of their
victory, Christians
divided Jerusalem
into 4 small feudal
states; Edessa,
Antioch, Jerusalem
& Tripoli
The Second Crusade
• Crusader armies
attempted to
recapture Edessa, a
Christian city that
had been captured by the Muslims
• Crusaders were DEFEATED
The Third Crusade
• “Crusade of Kings”
• Crusader armies unsuccessfully
attempted to recapture
Jerusalem
TRUCE!
• The Muslims agreed to reopen
Jerusalem to unarmed Christians
Results of Crusades
• BITTER LEGACY OF RELIGIOUS
HATRED (Both Christians &
Muslims committed horrible
crimes in the name of religion
• Increased trade (new items, new
trade routes, etc.)
Results of Crusades
• Growth of a
money
economy (the
Crusades had
to be FUNDED
by $$$)
Results of Crusades
• Pope LOSES power
• The feudal system
DECLINES & monarchs become
STRONGER
And Finally…
• Many of the
later Crusades
proved
unsuccessful;
therefore, many
people started to lose faith in the
Catholic Church, as well as its
leader…