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Was the Crusades a successful failure? 1095-1291 I. The Reasons for the joining the Crusades • Religious Forgiveness of sins, entry into heaven, reclaim Holy Land from Muslims, spread of Christianity • Political • Economic II. The First Crusades 1096 • Well organized. • Drove the Muslims from part of modern day Palestine, established a Christian Kingdom in the Holy Land • Gained control of Jerusalem III. Later Crusades • After the Second Crusade (1144-1155)- 1187 Jerusalem was retaken by the Muslims led by Saladin • Third Crusade -1189, also known as the Kings Crusade, Frederick Barbarossa of Germany, Philip Augustus of France, and Richard the Lion Hearted of England • Other Crusades failed to establish the Christian rule in Palestine. The Muslim Turks controlled the Holy Land until 1918 IV. Impacts of the Crusades • As a result of the Crusades, the Europeans came into contact with the world outside of their own kingdoms. • Witnessed advanced culture, arts and architectures, and luxuries from the East. V. Changes in Feudal Europe • • • • • • Increased trade Development of towns Rise of middle class Strengthened the power of the kings Weakened nobles Weakened serfdom and manor system